• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2018

This study investigated how the larvae of three winter-spawning fishes are adapted in a cold water environment by examining the morphology, digestive system, and swimming ability of larvae from three winter-spawning species (Gadus macrocephalus, Liparis tanakae, Hexagrammos agrammus). Data were collected at hatching and first feeding. The results were compared with repored data on several non-winter-spawning species. Mean total lengths at hatching (${\pm}SD$) were $4.35{\pm}0.11mm$, $5.26{\pm}0.08mm$, and $7.48{\pm}0.35mm$ for G. macrocephalus, L. tanakae, and H. agrammus, respectively. Three winter-spawning fishes had well-developed digestive tracts after hatching than those of non-winter-spawning fish larvae. Yolks were intact until 5 days post-hatching in all three species, indicating that they had longer mixed-feeding periods compared with fishes spawned during other seasons. G. macrocephalus, L. tanakae, and H. agrammus larvae had superior cruise and burst speeds (measures of swimming ability) than non-winter-spawning larvae. We conclude that the unique characteristics of these three winter-spawning species are naturally selected adaptations under lower water temperature in winter.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.368-374
• /
• 1986

Liparis ingens (Gilbert et Burke) is a demersal fish belonging to Liparidae, widely distributed in the coastal waters of the east coast of Korea. On January 16, 1986, mature adults of Liparis ingens were captured by a demersal gill net near Chongdongchin-ri, Kangwon-do, Korea. The authors stripped eggs and milt, and fertilized on the ship. The eggs were incubated and the larvae were reared in laboratory. The eggs of this species are demersal and adhesive, and are pale yellow, containing many oil globules. Egg diameters were varied from 1.55 to 1.65 mm. The hatching took place in ca. 747 hours after fertilization at the water temperature of $7.09{\sim}10.99^{\circ}C$ and salinity $30.62{\sim}33.98\%0$. The newly hatched larvae were elongate in shape and $4.40{\sim}4.85mm$ in total length with $12{\sim}13$ (abdominal)+40(caudal)=$52{\sim}53$ myomeres. Many melanophores were distributed on the lower jaw, pectoral fins, yolk sac, and ventral line of the tail part. Three days after hatching, the larvae reached 5.15 to 5.25 mm in total length, and the yolk sac was almost absorbed. Some melanophores appeared on the back of auditory vesicles. Seven days after hatching, the larvae attained $5.75{\sim}5.85mm$ in total length.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 1993

Eight species of the suborder Cottoidei collected from coastal waters of Korea were described with photographs, all of which are newly known to Korea. They are as followsi Molacocottus zonurus Bean and Euwmen gvrinus Gilbert et Burke of the family Psvchrolutidae; Podothecus veternus Jordan et Starts, Sarritor loptorhvnchus (Gilberts, and Agonomulus proboscinalis Walenciennesl of the family Agonidae; Liporis ogussizii Putman, Lipuris megocephalus Burke, and Liparis choonus Wu et Wang of the Family Cvclopteridae.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.194-207
• /
• 1993

This paper deals with seasonal fluctuation of fish communities around the coast of Kunsan, Korea from 1992 to 1993. A total of 98 fish species with 82 genera, 47 families, and 14 orders were collected during the study. Among fishes caught by trawl net, Cynoglossus joyneri and Repomucenus ornatipinnis predominated throughout the year, and by long back net Harengula zunasi and Engraulis japonica except winter season. There is a difference between biomass caught by long back net and by trawl net, the former showing a peak in summer and the latter showing peaks in late spring and winter. This result appears to be due to the occurrences of Platycephalus indicus and Liparis tanakai for the spawning in investigated areas. Among the 14 species collected in the intertidal zone, 13 species of the family Gobiidae were mostly found in the spawning season. These results may suggest that the coastal area of Kunsan provides a good spawning ground for the coastal fishes. It is considered that the seasonal fluctuation of the abundance and species composition in fishes in this area is mainly affected by the water temperature and the bottom habitats.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.187-197
• /
• 2011

Fish species composition and size frequency distribution of major species were analyzed using seasonal samples collected by an otter trawl in the coastal water off Uljin and Hupo in 2002. Fish collected during the study were 20 species, 1,927 individuals and 53,969 g off Uljin, and 23 species, 2,762 individuals and 146,550 g off Hupo. Liparis tessellatus, Glyptocephalus stelleri and Cleisthenes pinetorum were predominated in abundance, and these 3 species were accounted for 70.9% in the number of individuals and 83.8% in biomass off Uljin, and 90.3% and 70.9% off Hupo, respectively. In the Korean coastal water of the East Sea, the migrating pelagic fish were predominated in catch by set net or gill net, and species composition varied greatly by season. Meanwhile, the fish collected by an otter trawl in the coastal water off Uljin and Hupo were dominated by the resident demersal fishes and did not show any clear seasonal trend in species composition. Collected G. stelleri and C. pinetorum were mainly composed of young fish, and size data as depth indicated that they moved into deeper shelf as they grew.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2003

Species composition and seasonal variations in abundance of fishes in the Nakdong River estuary were investigated using an otter trawl seasonally from September 2001 to July 2002. These data were compared with those obtained before the construction of the estuary barrage in 1987. A total of 3,648 fishes that comprised 30 species in 21 families were collected. Acanthogobius flavimanus and Leiognathus nuchalis predominated, and they were responsible for $71.2\%\;and\;67.8\%$ in the number of individuals and biomass, respectively. The next abundant fish species were Platycephalus indicus and Liparis tanakai. Compared with data obtained before the construction of the estuary barrage in 1987, abundances of Acanthogobius flavimanus, Platycephajus indicus, Liparis tanakai, Tridentiger trigonocephalus and Lateolabrax japonicus increased, while those of Pholis fangi, Repomucenus valenciennei, Sardineila zunasi and Scomber japonicus decreased. These results seems to be related to change of sediment environment caused by irregular discharge of freshwater with variation of sea water movement in the Nakdong River estuary.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.945-959
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to provide basic data for optimal fisheries management through the accurate understanding the catches, fishing level, species composition, distribution characteristics and fisheries status of trammel net in Gangwon Province. As the results of trammel net survey, Pisces were collected 77 species, 1,983.0 kg, Crustacea 9 species, 569.0 kg, Cephalopoda 5 species, 75.3 kg, Gastropoda 12 species, 16.5 kg in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Pisces 55 species, 3,681.5 kg, Crustacea 6 species, 2,229.8 kg, Gastropoda 10 species, 72.8 kg, Cephalopoda 4 species, 10.1 kg in the coastal waters of Donghae, respectively. The catches of important species with season and depths showed that the main target species is Pleuronectidae spp. at all depth and Aptocyclus ventricosus at <100 m in Sokcho, Liparis spp. and Dasycottus setiger at 200-500 m in Donghae, respectively. The mean total length (cm) of Gadus macrocephalus and Aptocyclus ventricosus didn't appear significant difference, but the mean total length of Pleuronectidae spp., Liparis spp. and D. setiger in Donghae is bigger than in Sokcho. From the cluster and MDS analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity matrix of fourth root transformed, catches data of dominant species in the coastal waters of Sokcho and Donghae was divided into three different groups of the demersal organisms community in 12 survey of Donghae (Group A) and Jul., Oct.-Dec. survey of Sokcho (Group B) and Jan.-Jun. and Aug.-Sep. survey of Sokcho (Group C).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.288-301
• /
• 2000

The species composition and seasonal variation of fish assemblage in the coastal water off Gadeok-do, Korea were studied using the monthly trawled samlpes through a year of 1998. During the study period, 110 species of fishes from 57 families were collected. Repomucenus valenciennei, Thryssa kammalensis, Leiognathus nuchalis and Zoarces gilli dominated the fish assemblage throughout the year, and were responsible for $ 57.6{\%}$ and $37.2{\%}$ in the number of individuals and biomass, respectively. Fish species of secondary importance in abundance were Sillago japonica, Apogon lineatus, Pholis fangi, Engraulis japonicus, Thryssa adelae, Pho;is nebulosa, Conger myriaster, Liparis tanakai, Acentrogobius pflaumii, Limanda yokohamae, Chaeturichthys hexanema, Erisphex pottii and Cunoglossus abbreviatus. Higher numbers of species were collected in spring and autumn than in summer and winter. Abundance was high in spring and autumn, and low in summer and winter, Species diversity indices showed that the fish assemblage was more diverse in autumn than any other seasons.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.310-316
• /
• 2015

The seasonal and interannual variation in the species composition and abundance of the fish assemblage were studied. Fish samples were collected seasonally over 4 year (2005 to 2008) using pots in the southern coast of East Sea. During the study period, a total of 32 fish species belonging to 24 families were collected. The dominant species were Conger myriaster, Paracentropogon rubripinnis, Liparis tanakae, Parapercis sexfasciata, Eptatretus burgeri and Clupea pallasii pallasii, which accounted for 91.9% of the total number of individuals collected. The number of species, number of individuals, biomass, and diversity fluctuated with season. The peak number of species and number of individuals occurred were in August 2008, whereas the biomass was the highest in August 2005 and diversity was in May 2008. The abundance of dominant species also showed some seasonal and interannual changes. A one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed that the fish assemblage in 2008 was significantly different from those of 2005, 2006 and 2007, whereas there was no significant difference among seasons over 4 years.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.690-702
• /
• 2009

Liparis tessellatus(cubed snailfish), Hemitripterus villosus(shaggy sea raven), Ligularia fischeri, and Cirsiu setidens, which are staple products in Samcheok, were studied as food resources for the development of a representative local menu. Thus, their nutritional compositions were analyzed, and the resulting values were used to assess the nutritional characteristics of the newly-developed menu. In Liparis tessellatus and Hemitripterus villosus, the organic components including protein and fat tended to be lower than the corresponding values referred to as the 'Seventh Revision Food Composition Table' (2006), which was presumably linked to the spawning period of the fish. The contents of Zn, Cu, and Mg, which are nutritionally important even though the consumption of these minerals by Koreans is not sufficient, were determined to 0.5, 0.2, and 34.3 mg/100 g for Ligularia fischeri, and 26.2, 1.1, and 147.7 mg/100 g for dried Cirsiu setidens. Cirsiu setidens cultivated in Samcheok contained noticeably higher amounts of calcium, zinc, and iron, and its calcium level was more than an order of magnitude higher than that provided by the Food Composition Table. This might be associated with the fact of that Samcheok is abundant in lime which consists of calcium-containing inorganic materials. n-3 fatty acids including docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) accounted for 21% and 13% of the total fatty acids, for Liparis tessellatus and Hemitripterus villosus, respectively, and the major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, and alanine for both fish. One of the newly developed menus, Cirsiu setidens hae-jang-gook, was nutritionally superior to the corresponding menu that used dried radish leaves, a typical ingredient in hae-jang-gook, in terms of the protein, iron, and zinc contents. Rice pottage cooked with Liparis tessellatus instead of abalone was high in protein, calcium, iron and zinc, where one serving provided 29.1, 15.4, 31.0, and 27.8% of their Reference Intake (RI)s, respectively.