• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lip changes

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A Longitudinal study on Growth Changes of Soft Tissue Profiles in Koreans with Normal Occlusion (정상 교합자의 연조직 측모의 성장 변화에 관한 누년적 연구)

  • Lee, Myeong-Jin;Lee, Hee-Kyung
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.181-196
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to describe growth changes of soft tissue profile in koreans with normal occlusion and to get differences between male and female. The biennial serial cephalometric radiographs of 26 samples (15 males, 11 females) with normal occlusion from 8.5 years to 18.5 years of age were used in this study. The following results were obtained : 1. Both sexes had lower facial parts more protruded at 18.5 years of age than 8.5 years of age : in total facial convexity angle, male showed a decrease(P<0.01) and female showed no significant difference(P>0.05). 2. In the growth changes of soft tissue thickness, male outgrew female in the areas of nose and upper and lower lips, and female outgrew male in the pogonion area 3. In the growth changes of upper facial height and upper part of lower facial height, male's was higher than female's growth (P<0.05). 4. The ratio of the upper facial height over the lower facial height showed a decrease at 18.5 years of age than 8.5 years of age(P<0.01). The ratio of upper vs lower part of lower facial height and that of upper lip height vs lower lip height showed no significant difference(P>0.05). 5. Male showed a sustained change into older age compared with female in soft tissue profiles.

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THE STUDY OF COMPARISON BEFORE AND AFTER ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT IN CLASS I BIALVEOLAR PROTRUSION CASES WITH FOUR BICUSPID EXTRACTION (제 1 소구치 발치를 동반한 제 I 급 치조성 양악 전돌 환자의 치료 전${\cdot}$후 비교에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung-Don;Park, Young-Chel
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.24 no.1 s.44
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    • pp.149-159
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    • 1994
  • The purposes of present study were to evaluate changes in models and lateral cephalometric head films during orthodontic treatment and to compare the amount of incisal retraction and anterior movement of molars with the two approaches of the retraction method of canine(sectional canine retractions vs sliding canine retractions) and the anchorage management(head gears vs no head gears, transpalatal arches vs no transpalatal arches and lingual arches vs no lingual arches) and to evaluate changes during orthodontic treatment in models with relation to lateral cephalometric head films. 67 Korean women with Angle's Class I bialveolar protrusion were selected, whose initial chronologic age was above 16 yrs. Models and lateral cephalometric head films were taken before and after orthodontic treatment with four bicuspid extraction. the results were obtained as follows. 1. Significant decreases were observed in intermolar width, arch length and arch perimeter of maxilla and mandible but significant difference was not observed in intercanine width of maxilla and mandible during treatment period. 2. The linear change of the upper incisor to upper lip was 2.84:1 and the linear change of the lower incisor to lower lip was 1.45:1 3. There were no significant differences between the two groups(sectional canine retractions vs sliding canine retractions), the !we groups(transpalatal arches vs no transpalatal arches) and the two groups(lingual arches vs no lingual arches) in the amount of incisal retraction and anterior movement of molars. There were a greater amount of maxillary incisal retraction and a lesser amount of anterior movement of maxillary molars with the use of head gears than no use of head gears. 4. Changes during orthodontic treatment in models with relation to lateral cephalometric head films were obtained as follows : 1) Maxilla Central incisors were moved 3.79mm backward, canines were moved 0.22mm laterally and 3.70mm backward, and molars were moved 0.535mm medially and 2.29mm forward. 2) Mandible Central incisors were moved 3.04mm backward, canines were moved 0.145mm laterally and 3.92mm backward, and molars were moved 0.755mm medially and 1.77mm forward.

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THE SOFT TISSUE CHANGES OF THE NASOLABIAL REGION AFTER MAXILLARY LE FORT I ADVANCEMENT OSTEOTOMY (상악골 Le Fort I 전진 골절단술후 비부의 연조직 변화)

  • Park, Gwang-Bum;Yeo, Hwan-Ho;Kim, Su-Gwan
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.284-287
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    • 1999
  • The nose, a striking features of the human face, is regarded by many clinicians as the keystone of facial esthetics. Clinically, as the treatment of a dentofacial deformity, the soft tissue changes that occurred normally with movement of the skeletal bases. Changes of the soft tissue in the maxillary orthognathic surgery are widening of alar base, elevated nasal tip and flattening of upper lip. In addition, soft tissue change is difficult to predict, it has considerable variability in the response of soft tissue. We reviewed patients who received Le Fort I advancement osteotomy in our department and analysed preoperative and postoperative alar base width, nasal height in clinical measurement and cephalometry and patient's satisfaction of postoperative nasal appearance.

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Study on Listening Diagnosis to Vocal Sound and Speech (문진(聞診) 중 성음(聲音).언어(言語)에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Yong-Chan;Kang, Jung-Soo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.320-327
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    • 2006
  • This study was written in order to help understanding of listening diagnosis to vocal sound and speech. The purpose of listening diagnosis is that we know states of essence(精), Qi(氣) and spirit(神). Vocal sound and speech are made by Qi and spirit. Vocal sound originates from the center of the abdominal region(丹田) and comes out through vocal organs, for example lung, larynx, nose, tongue, tooth, lip and so on. Speech is expressed by vocal sound and spirit. They are controled by the Five Vital organs(五臟). Various changes of vocal sound and speech observe the rules of yinyang. For example, if we consider patient likes to say or not, we can diagnose heat and coldness of illness. If we consider he speaks loudly or quietly, we can diagnose weak and severe of illness. If we consider he speaks clearly or thick, we can diagnose inside and outside of illness. If we consider he speaks damp or dry, we can diagnose yin and yang of illness. If we consider change of voice, we can diagnose new and old illness. Symptoms of changes of five voices, five sounds, dumbness and huskiness are due to abnormal vocal sound, and symptoms of changes of mad talk, mumble, sleep talking and so on are due to abnormal speech.

SOFT TISSUE CHANGES AFTER DOUBLE JAW ROTATION SURGERY IN SKELETAL CLASS III MALOCCLUSION (골격성 III 급 부정 교합자에서 양악 회전 수술 후 연조직 변화에 대한 연구)

  • Jeong, Mi-Hyang;Choi, Jeong-Ho;Kim, Byuong-Ho;Kim, Seong-Gon;Nahm, Dong-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.559-565
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    • 2006
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount and interrelationship of the soft and hard tissue changes after simultaneous maxillary clockwise rotation and mandibular setback surgery in skeletal class III malocclusion. The sample comprised of 16 adult patients who had anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy. These patients had received presurgical orthodontic treatment and surgical treatment which consisted of Le fort I Osteotomy and bilateral saggital split ramus osteotomy. The presurgical (T1) and postsurgical (T2) lateral cephalograms were evaluated. The computerized statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS/PC program. The results demonstrated a decrease in the vertical dimension in the soft and hard tissue. The nasolabial angle was increased and the mentolabial angle was decreased. The results showed also many statistically significant correlations(p<0.05). The lower lip closely followed the skeletal movement of the B- point in the horizontal plane. The double jaw rotation surgery can afford a good solution to solve the problems of class III malocclusion cases.

Effect of Breathing Exercises Improves Respiratory Muscle Activity and Chest Expansion (호흡운동이 호흡근 활성도 및 흉곽용적에 미치는 영향)

  • Ha, Mi-Sook;Nam, Kun-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 2014
  • Background : This study is for respiratory muscle activity and chest expansion through practice abdominal breathing exercises. Methods : The subjects were consisted normal 30 persons(15 males and 15 females). The control group to 15 people to compare group and 15 people for the abdominal breathing exercise group through lip retraction movement of the therapist with the resistance of mediated abdominal breathing exercises. For 8 weeks EMG was used to know the changes in respiratory muscle. We also found out the changes in chest expansion. And the t-test was conducted to analyze among the compared group, the abdominal breathing group the differences between before and after the experiment. Results : On the changes in respiratory muscle muscular activity in the transverse abdominis have shown significant results(p<.05), and the change in chest expansion was no significant(p>.05). Conclusion : Various breathing exercises in future research on intervention programs can be studied to promote the public if the functional status is considered to be of much help.

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SOFT TISSUE PROFILE CHANGE PREDICTION IN MAXILLARY INCISOR RETRACTION BASED ON CEPHALOMETRICS (두부방사선 분석에 의한 상악전치부 후방이동시 연조직 변화 예측에 대한 연구)

  • Choi, Jin-Hee;Lee, Jin-Woo;Cha, Kyung-Suk
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.65-78
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    • 1997
  • This study was carried out in order to determine soft tissue response to incisor movement and mandibular repositioning and to determine feasibility of predicting vertical and horizontal changes in soft tissue with hard tissue movement. For this study, cephalometric records of 41 orthodontically treated adult females who had Angle's Class II division 1 malocclusion were selected and stepwise multiple regression analysis was employed. Following conclusions were obtained by analysing the changes of soft tissue and hard tissue before and after treatment. 1. Hard tissue measurements that showed significant changes before and after treatment were horizontal and angular changes of maxillary incisor, horizontal,vertical and angular changes of mandibular incisor, overjet, overbite, interincisal angle, mandibular repositioning, A,B, skeletal convexity and soft tissue measurements that showed significant changes were horizontal, thickness and angular changes of upper lip, horizontal and angular changes of lower lip, interlabial angle, nasolabial angle labiomental angle, Sri, Ss, Si and soft tissue convexity(P<0.05). 2. All Soft tissue measurements changed significantly before and after treatment had between one and four hard tissue independent variables at statistically significant level, indicating that all soft tissue changes were direct relationship with hard tissue changes 3. Ova jet, horizontal change of maxillary incisor, horizontal change of maxillary root apex and horizontal change of pogonion entered into prediction equations most frequentely indicating that they were more significant variables in prediction of vertical and horizontal changes in the soft tissue with treatment, but vertical changes of mandibular incisor not entered any prediction equations, indicating that it was not considered a good predictor for soft tissue changes with maxillary incisor retraction. 4. Horizontal and vertical changes in subnasale were found to have most independent variables, significant at the 0.05 level in prediction-equations(${\Delta}$Sn(H):Ur, Is(H), Pg(H), UIA,${\Delta}$Sn(V): Is(H), Pg(H), overjet, A), indicating that subnasale changes are influenced by complex hard tissue interaction. 5. Multiple correlation coefficient($R^2$) of the soft tissue prediction equations ranges from 0.2-0.6.

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The Change of Bone and Soft Tissue Profile after Sagittal Split Osteotomy of Ramus (하악골후방이동술 후 골격구조와 연부조직의 변화)

  • Hwang, Jee Hoon;Seul, Chul Hwan;Park, Beyoung Yun
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.547-554
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    • 2005
  • Orthognathic surgery for Class III malocclusion requires an elaborate preoperative planning using cephalometries or Mock surgery models which enable the surgeon to anticipate postoperative skeletal changes of maxilla and mandible as well as dentition. After surgery, patient's satisfaction is greatly influenced by appearance of soft tissue change. Therefore, it is imperative to predict a relatively accurate soft tissue change prior to surgery. A 5 year retrospective study was designed to evaluate the soft tissue change after sagittal split osteotomy of ramus(SSRO) for class III malocclusion. Analyses of preoperative and postoperative anthropometric measurements were performed. Patients who were treated only by SSRO for class III malocclusion and could follow up for 6 months were studied. Among them, the patients who had history of cleft palate and lip or hemifacial microsomia were excluded. Soft tissue changes were estimated by using the frontal and lateral photographs. Skeletal changes were observed by measuring amount of set back and angular changes of mandible to the reference line by using cephalometries. Relapses were also measured 6 months after the operation. We could observe skeletal changes were more profound than soft tissue changes concerning amount of set back, but soft tissue changes were also profound in angle. Relapse was more profound in skeleton than soft tissue but the amount was not significant. In spite of the variables which may affect proper assessment of the soft tissue change after skeletal relocation, this study can serve as a guide for exact prediction of the postoperative change of soft tissue and skeleton.

A study on the perimandibular tissues before and after orthodontic treatment with orthognathic surgery in mandandibular prognathic patients (하악골 전돌자의 악교정 수술을 동반한 교정치료 전후 하악골 주위조직의 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Yang, Byung-Ho;Cha, Kyung-Suk
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.30 no.2 s.79
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    • pp.261-272
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    • 2000
  • Severe skeletal anteroposterior and vertical discrepancy is difficult to obtain satisfactory result by only orthodontic treatment, and much anteroposterior movement and treatment stability require orthodontic treatment with orthognathic surgery. The treatment goal of mandibular prognathic patients is to promote the function of stomatognathic system including mastication and phonetics, to improve the esthetics of facial profile and to maintain stability. Positional changes of hyoid bone, pharynx and tongue were seen with mandibular movement after orthognathic surgery. This study was performed to observe the changes of perimandibular tissues of orthodontic patients with skeletal mandibular prognathism who treated with orthodontic treatment, and the changes of hyoid bone, pharyx and tongue by relapse or recurrance after before and after orthognathic surgery and retention. The 22 patients who had mandibular prognathism were selected. They treated with orthodontic treatment with sagittal split ramus osteotomy as orthognathic surgery. And lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken 3 times : pre-surgery (T1), immediate post-surgery (T2) and 2 years alter retention (T3). The results were as follows : 1. The hyoid bone returned back after clockwise rotation to maxilla and occlusal plane during retention (P<0.01). 2. The hyoid bone moved posterior-inferiorly by mandibular surgery and returned back anterior-superior after retention. (P<0.01) 3. The changes of pharyngeal depth showed a little decrease at upper area in post- surgery, but it was not a significant difference generally through before, after and retention. 4. In relating to tongue base, the angle of tongue base was decreased and the dorsal area of tongue base moved to inferior-posterior direction and to superior direction again after retention (P<0.01). 5. Related to the thickness of upper and lower lip, the thickness of upper lip decreased after surgery, and the soft tissues below lower lip increased after surgery and decreased after retention.

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Skeletal Stability after Le Fort I Osteotomy in the Cleft Patients; Preliminary Report (구순구개열 환자의 Le Fort I 골절단술 후 상악골의 위치적 안정성에 관한 연구 ; 예비보고)

  • Kim Myung-Jin;Yu Ho-Seok;Kim Jong-Won;Kim Kyoo-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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    • v.2 no.1_2
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 1999
  • It is well known that the postoperative skeletal instability after Le Fort I osteotomy for advancement of maxilla in the cleft patients is one of the major surgical problems. So we had tried to compare the amount of relapse after Le Fort I advancement surgery in the horizontal and vertical positional change, angular change of reference points between cleft patients and non-cleft patients. Longitudinal records of 10 consecutive cleft patients (test group) and 20 non-cleft patients (control group) were analyzed. Lateral cephalograms were taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 2, 6, 12 months postoperatively. We measured horizontal and vertical changes (ANS, PNS, AI) and angular change (SNA) of the reference points and lines. In the test group, horizontal relapse of ANS, PNS, AI point are 36.4%, 37.5%, 32.0% respectively at 12 months postoperatively. The vertical relapse of ANS, PNS, AI are 25.3%, 32.3%, 39.1% respectively at 12 months postoperatively. The angular change of SNA is 33.6% at 12 months postoperatively. In the control group, horizontal relapse of ANS, PNS, AI point are 23.8%, 30.2%, 21.7% respectively at 12 months postoperatively. The vertical relapse of ANS, PNS, AI are 22.7%, 27.3%, 25.1% respectively at 12 months postoperatively. The angular change of SNA is 22.2% at 12 months postoperatively. The cleft patients have a larger tendency of skeletal and dental relapse compared with non-cleft patients after Le Fort I surgery. So the oral and maxillofacial surgeons must keep in mind these facts in order to minimize the relapse phenomenon from the beginning of surgical planning to postoperative care.

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