• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2007

Objectives: previous studies have suggested the possible predisposing personality in fibromyalgia(FM). The aim of this study is to investigate the personality traits in female patients with FM compared to healthy female controls using the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI) and furthermore, to evaluate the personality traits affecting the severity of the symptoms of FM. Methods Forty female patients with FM and 40 healthy female controls were examined using the TCI and the Hamilton depression rating scale. The FM patients were also evaluated the severity of the symptoms of FM using the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire(FIQ). Results : ANCOVA with age and depression levels as covariates showed that the FM patients scored significantly higher on the harm avoidance(F=2.187, p=0.047) and lower on the self-directedness(F=4.551, p=0.036) than the healthy controls. The FIQ scores showed positive correlation with the harm avoidance scores in the FM patients when adjusting for age and depression level(R=0.399, p=0.013) Multiple linear regression models revealed that the harm avoidance scores would affect the FIQ scores in FM patients(95% Cl=0.004-1.942, p=0.049). Conclusions : These results suggest that the female FM patients have distinctive temperament and character dimensions compared to the healthy female controls. Moreover, the harm avoidance may be the predictive personality to affect the severity of the symptoms of female FM patients.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.6 s.109
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• pp.587-596
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• 2006

Recently a new spectrum ruling has been proposed for UWB(Ultra-Wideband) communication applications. The new proposal is expected to reduce the usable UWB spectrum significantly and may cause to weaken the unique advantages of the UWB pulses such as high resolution synchronizations and robustness to the multipath effects. In this paper, we investigate the performance degradation caused by the reduced UWB spectrum. As a means to overcome the performance degradation, a modified discrete linear frequency modulation technique is proposed. We show that, when multipath components are present in the received signal, the proposed method exhibits superior performances in terms of pulse detection efficiency and range resolutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.369.2-369.2
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• 2014

Diamond-like Carbon(DLC) films doping Si were deposited by linear ion source(LIS)-physical vapor deposition method on Si wafer. We have studied the effects of Si content on friction and wear properties of DLC films and the characteristics of the films were investigated using Nano-indentation, Micro raman spectroscopy, Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FM-SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The films has been various low-friction and low-stress by varying the flow rates of silane gas. Under the about 2% of Si doping is very suitable for improving the adhesion of films and reducing internal stress while maintaining the surfaces hardness of DLC films. Linear ion source (LIS)를 사용하여 Si wafer위에 Si 이온이 첨가된 DLC 박막을 증착하였다. 참가된Si 이온의 양에 따라 DLC 박막에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 마찰 계수 및 경도를 비교하였고, Micro raman spectroscopy, Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FM-SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)를 통하여 표면 상태를 분석하였다. 천체 주입된 가스량의 약 2%까지 Si 이온 주입이 늘어날수록 DLC 박막의 마찰계수는 낮아졌고, 경도는 Si 이온이 주입되지 않았을 경우와 비슷한 값(약 20~23 GPa)을 가졌다. 2% 이상의 주입량에서는 마찰계수는 주입량이 늘어날수록 높아졌으며 경도는 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이는 Si이온이 2%이하로 첨가되었을 경우, DLC 박막의 생성시 탄소 이온들의 결합 Stress를 줄여 마찰계수가 줄어든다고 볼 수 있으며, 그 양이 2%이상이 되면 오히려 불순물로 작용하여 DLC 박막의 Stress는 급격히 증가하고 마찰계수도 높아짐을 알 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.155-158
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• 2001

A new method for simultaneous multiple transmit focusing using orthogonal weighted FM chirp is proposed. Weighted chirp signals focused at different depths are transmitted at the same time. These chirp signals are mutually orthogonal in the approximate sense that the autocorrelation function of each signal has a narrow mainlobe width and low sidelobe levels, and the crosscorrellation function of any pair of the signals has smaller values than the sidelobe levels of each autocorrelation function. This means that each weighted chirp signal can be separately compressed into a short pulse, focused individually and combined with other focused beams to form a frame of image. Theoretically, any two chirp signals defined in two nonoverlapped frequency bands are mutually orthogonal. In the present work, however, a fractional overlap of adjacent frequency bands, by up to 25%, were permitted to design more chirp signals within a given transducer bandwidth. The crosscorrelation values due to the frequency overlap could be reduced by alternating the direction of frequency sweep of the adjacent chirp signals. The simulation results show that this method can improve the lateral resolution of image without sacrifice in the frame rate compared with the conventional pulse system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.10-13
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• 1965

본논문은 단종된 전송선과 개방된 전송선 및 2개의 결합저항기로 구성된 초광대역전송선형 FM변별기의 동적인 해석(dynamic analysis)을 취급하였다. 변별기의 출력파형의 Harmonic Distortion과 입력신호의 최대허용주파수변위와의 제관계를 Fourier transfrom으로 상세하게 해석하였다. 결합저항계수r(Fig 1 참조)는 변별기의 감도와 입력신호의 전주파수변위에 걸쳐 입력 Impedance가 일정하다는 견지에서 일로 놓아야 된다는 것이 판명되었다. 이론상으로는 100%의 주파수변위를 가진 FM신호라도 본변별기로 불과 2.6% Harmonic distortion으로 검파할 수 있으며 또한 검파시에 변별기의 입력 Impedance는 전종선의 특성 Impedance Z0로 일정하게 유지된다. 이론적인 결과를 뒷받침하기 위하여 실험결과를 첨부하였다. 본실험에서는 변별기의 특성곡선이 중심주파수 85.5Mc를 중심으로 40%의 주파수변위에 대하여 Linear하며, 또한 이때의 변별기의 입력 Impedance의 변화율은 이상치 Z0의 ±14% 이내이다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.322-327
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• 2000

For the stable production of high quality tea, the freezing resistance is a very important character. Most of the farmers have planted out-pollinated seeds that are not genetically pure. So, with small sample, a quick and simple method is required to test freezing resistance of lots of germ-plasm and early generation of hybrids. The absorbances(A530 nm) of TTC reduction solution at -5$^{\circ}C$ were positively correlated with resistance to photoinhibition of PSII in 6 hour photoinhibitory treatments, being significantly fitted by simple linear regression ($R^2$=${0.64}^{**}$). Chlorophyll fluorescence measured by Fv/Fm was found to be very useful in evaluating the relative levels of freezing resistance in tea.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.314-323
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• 2017

Indicators to quantitatively evaluate the body function may help to optimize the effectiveness of rehabilitation therapy for stroke patients. In this study, we analyzed the body composition in the paretic and nonparetic regions of stroke patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral hemorrhage (7 cases) and cerebral infarction (13 cases) using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. Specifically, we considered fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), FFMI index (FFMI), FM/FFM relation, body cell mass (BCM), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and BMR/FFM relation to evaluate the bodily function in the paretic and nonparetic regions. These values showed considerable differences according to grades determined by the stroke causes and the paralysis status. In the paretic regions, the FFM, FFMI, BCM, and BMR were low and the FM was high. In contrast, the nonparetic regions showed a high FFM and low FM. Furthermore, the paretic and nonparetic regions of all patients suitably fit a linear relation (slope: 22.17 kcal/day/kg) between BMR and FFM. Therefore, bio-electrical impedance measurements can be very useful to quantitatively assess paretic and nonparetic regions in hemiplegic stroke patients.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.296-302
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• 2001

Winter cereals are acclimated during wintering, and thereafter their freezing resistance is increased. In order to analyze inheritance and heritabilities for photoinhibition of photosynthesis by high light intensity under low temperature, and to evaluate the relationship between low temperature-induced photoinhibition and winter survival, 4 parental half diallel crosses were used. The detached leaves of 7-8cm long from plants grown for 35 and 55 days were placed on wet filter paper and placed in trays at 5$^{\circ}C$ cold room with 1,200 $\mu$mol $m^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ PPFD. Chlorophyll fluorescence was measured with a chlorophyll fluorescence system after dark adaptation for 30 min. The Fv/Fm of 35day old plants was reduced from 0.714 in the control leaves to 0.409 and 0.368 following photoinhibitory treatment of 6h and 8h and the CVs were increased from 0.8% to 22.2-22.3%. The Fv/Fm of 55-day old plants was reduced from 0.775 in the control leaves to 0.485 and 0.439 following photoinhibitory treatment of 10h and 12h, respectively. According to half diallel cross analysis, Reno and Dongbori 1 (highly resistant to photoinhibition) was dominant, but Oweolbori (susceptible to photoinhibition) was recessive, and photoinhibition showed partial dominance with highly additive gene action. Dongbori 1 showed the greatest GCA effects for photoinhibition, and GCA/SCA ratios (8.7-22.3 times) indicated that the additive variance for the character was more important. Winter survival in barley crosses was positively correlated with resistance to photoinhibition and significantly fitted by linear regression ($R^2$=0.751$^{**}$-0.779$^{**}$). The chlorophyll fluorescence measured by Fv/Fm has been found to be highly inheritable and very useful in evaluating relative levels of freezing resistance in barley.ley.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.38-44
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• 2001

In this paper, for the microwave level meter based on the FM-CW radar, we analyze the spectrum correlation of beat signals and propose a measurement algorithm using the theory. For industrial applications, level meters must have high precision, which requires a good linearity of VCO. But, in practice, it is very complicated or very expensive to make VCO linear enough to be acceptable in the industrial field. We propose a measurement algorithm using the fact that there exists a peak in the spectrum correlation of beat signals when range difference is sufficiently small. This makes it possible to determine the range difference in a precise manner even using a practical VCO. We present some experimental results to show the validity of this algorithm.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.999-1011
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• 2015

In modern electronic warfare, RADAR is under constant threat of ECM(Electronic Counter Measures) signals from nearby jammers. The conventional linear frequency modulated(Linear-FM) waveform is easy to be intercepted to estimate its signal parameters due to its periodical phase transition. Recently, APCN(Advanced Pulse Compression Noise) waveform using random amplitude and phase transition was proposed for LPI(Low probability of Intercept). But random phase code signals such as APCN waveform tend to be sensitive to Doppler frequency shift and result in performance degradation during moving target detection. In this paper, random phase and code rate transition based radar waveform(RPCR) is proposed for Doppler tolerance improvement. Time frequency analysis is carried out through ambiguity analysis to validate the improved Doppler tolerance of RPCR waveform. As a means to measure the vulnerability of the proposed RPCR waveform against LPI, WHT(Wigner-Hough Transform) is adopted to analyze and estimate signal parameters for ECCM(Electronic Counter Counter Measures) application.