• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2024

In the deficiency of an exact solution yielding algorithm, approximate algorithms remain as a solely viable option to the Minimum Linear Arrangement(MinLA) problem of Binary tree. Despite repeated attempts by a number of algorithm on k = 10, only two of them have been successful in yielding the optimal solution of 3,696. This paper therefore proposes an algorithm of O(n) complexity that delivers the exact solution to the binary tree. The proposed algorithm firstly employs an In-order search method by which n = 2^k - 1 number of nodes are assigned with a distinct number. Then it reassigns the number of all nodes that occur on level 2 ≤ 𝑙 ≤ k-2, (k = 5) and 2 ≤ 𝑙 ≤ k-3, (k = 6), including that of child of leaf node. When applied to k=5,6,7, the proposed algorithm has proven Chung[14]'s S^(k)_min=2^k-1+4+S^(k-1)_min+2S^(k-2)_min conjecture and obtained a superior result. Moreover, on the contrary to existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm illustrates a detailed assignment method. Capable of expeditiously obtaining the optimal solution for the binary tree of k > 10, the proposed algorithm could replace the existing approximate algorithms.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.107-113
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• 2007

The burning characteristics of interacting droplets with internal circulation in a convective flow are numerically investigated at various particle arrangement and size difference. In this simulation some conditions are fixed, surround gas temperature is 1250K, pressure is 10 atm and drolet's initial temperature is 300K. The transient combustion of arranged droplets, the fixed droplet distances of 4 radii to 20 radii horizontally, is studied. And the range of size of droplet is 75${\mu}m$ to 100${\mu}m$. The results obtained from the present numerical analysis reveal that the transient flame configuration and retardation of droplet internal motion with the horizontal spacing substantially influence lifetime of interacting droplets. At a Reynolds number 10, lifetime of the three droplets with decreasing horizontal droplet spacing increases monotonically. But when droplet spacing decreases further to 4radii, Lifetime of interacting droplets are increase. So Lifetime of interacting droplets exhibits a strong dependence on the horizontal droplet spacing and size difference. It can be investigated well with these conditions to that of single burning droplet.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1804-1806
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• 1996

For the rather complicated and time-consuming three-dimensional electric field calculation in the vicinity of substations, this paper proposes a numerical calculation method based on charge simulation method(CSM). In order to represent non-uniform charge distribution on an electrode better, it is subdivided into small segments with linear charge density. Non-uniform arrangement of subdivided segments makes it possible to obtain high accuracy with a small number of variables. As for the arrangement of subdivided segments, effective formulars were derived from multiple regression analysis of many simulations. These formulars make the arrangement of segments fast and effective. The proposed method is applied to the electric field calculation around the 345kV Sinmasan Substation busbars and the distribution of calculated electric fields is compared with that of the measured electric fields.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2019

A heated square cylinder (with height $A^*$) is kept parallel to the cold wall at a fixed gap height $0.5A^*$ from the wall. Another adiabatic rectangular cylinder (of same height $A^*$ and width $0.5A^*$) is placed upstream in an inline tandem arrangement. The spacing between the two cylinders is fixed at $3.0A^*$. The inlet flow is taken as Couette-Poiseuille flow based non-linear velocity profile. The conventional fluid (also known as base fluid) is chosen as water (W) whereas the nanoparticle material is selected as $Al_2O_3$. Numerical simulations are performed by using SIMPLE algorithm based Finite Volume approach with staggered grid arrangement. The dependencies of hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the cylinder on non-dimensional parameters governing the nanofluids and the fluid flow are explored here. A critical discussion is made on the mechanism of improvement/reduction (due to the presence of the upstream cylinder) of heat transfer and drag coefficient, in comparison to those of an isolated cylinder. It is observed that the heat transfer increases with the increase in the non-linearity in the incident velocity profile at the inlet. For the present range studied, particle concentration has a negligible effect on heat transfer.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-73
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• 2012

The paper presents the analysis of two groups of piles subjected to lateral loads incorporating the non-linear behaviour of soil. The finite element method is adopted for carrying out the parametric study of the pile groups. The pile is idealized as a one dimensional beam element, the pile cap as two dimensional plate elements and the soil as non-linear elastic springs using the p-y curves developed by Georgiadis et al. (1992). Two groups of piles, embedded in a cohesive soil, involving two and three piles in series and parallel arrangement thereof are considered. The response of the pile groups is found to be significantly affected by the parameters such as the spacing between the piles, the number of piles in a group and the orientation of the lateral load. The non-linear response of the system is, further, compared with the one by Chore et al. (2012) obtained by the analysis of a system to the present one, except that the soil is assumed to be linear elastic. From the comparison, it is observed that the non-linearity of soil is found to increase the top displacement of the pile group in the range of 66.4%-145.6%, while decreasing the fixed moments in the range of 2% to 20% and the positive moments in the range of 54% to 57%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.1593-1596
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• 1997

Because the leg mechanism of walking roblt affect on the mobility and energy efficiency, we focus on the design of new leg mechanism based on the previous leg mechanisms. We mention the deficiency of the previous leg mechanisms and propose a new leg mechanism that consists of a 2-d.o.f pantograph mechanism and a vertical linear actuator. The pantograph mechanism is attached to the horizontal plane of the body and the verical linear actuator is vertical to that plane. In order to design a quadruped walking robot, we consider the kinematics of the 2-d.o.f pantograph mechanism and the arrangement of twol linear motion guides that drive the pantograph mechanism.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.345-349
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• 2014

A direct-lit color-matching liquid crystal display using a lenticular lens array with grouped lens elements that image linear RGB light sources on the RGB subpixels of a color filter to enhance transmittance is designed, simulated, and fabricated. The RGB LED linear light sources were fabricated using small RGB LEDs in a linear array arrangement, and the lenticular lens array consisted of eight units of the same structure with a gap of 2.19 mm. The optical transmittance of the liquid crystal panel was improved by as much as 240% due to the color matching.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.281-287
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• 2011

The stationary discontinuous armatures that are used in permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PM-LSMs) have been proposed as a driving source for transportation systems. However, the stationary discontinuous armature PM-LSM contains the outlet edges which always exist as a result of the discontinuous arrangement of the armature. For this reason, the high alteration of the outlet edge cogging force produced between the armature's core and the mover's permanent magnet when a mover passes the boundary between the armature's installation part and non-installation part has been indicated as a problem. Therefore, we have examined the outlet edge cogging force by installing the auxiliary teeth at the armature's outlet edge in order to minimize the outlet edge cogging force generated when the armature is arranged discontinuously. Moreover, we obtained the calculation by analyzing the shape of the auxiliary teeth in which the outlet edge cogging force is minimized the most.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.127-156
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• 2008

This study aimed to verify the mediating effects of cognitive function and social support and to establish a structural relationship between child maltreatment and resilience in school-age children (n=357) taken in by child protection service. In the first model (linear arrangement), each protective factor mediates independently between maltreatment and resilience; in the second model (arrangement in due order), cognitive function has mediating effects prior to social support. Analysis of data included descriptive statistics, Cronbach's a, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results of the first model showed indirect effects of cognitive function and social support. Results of the second model significantly affirmed that the mediators, cognitive function and social support, diminish negative effects of maltreatment by bolstering resilience.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.860-861
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• 2008

This paper deals with the magnet arrangement for vibration reduction and improvement in Starting Characteristic of Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM). Thrust, detent force, normal force and lateral force are generated in PMLSM. The detent force and lateral force cause the vibration of PMLSM. The detent force and the lateral force are analyzed by using 3-Dimensional Finite Element Method (3-D FEM). The efficiency and vibration of PMLSM are measured by experiment.