• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.569-576
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 비선형정적해석 방법을 이용하여 기존의 연쇄붕괴 선형정적해석 절차에 수반되는 반복과정을 자동으로 수행하면서도 선형해석 결과와 동일한 결과를 나타내는 새로운 연쇄붕괴 해석절차를 제안하였다. 제안된 해석절차는 GSA 기준에 규정된 기존 선형정적해석법의 단점인 반복적 해석작업 및 그 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 시간과 오류의 가능성을 최소화하여 해석결과의 신뢰성을 확보가 있는 선형정적해석 절차이다. 제안된 해석절차를 검증하기 위하여 철근콘크리트 모멘트골조 및 철골 가새골조의 최하층 기둥부재를 제거한 후 기존 해석법과 제안 해석법을 적용하고 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 해석결과에 따르면 제안된 해석절차는 구조물의 붕괴여부의 판정 및 힌지 분포에 있어서 기존의 선형정적해석과 동일한 결과를 나타내었으며, 반복해석 과정이 불필요하므로 기존 해석법에 비하여 매우 짧은 시간에 해석을 수행할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

In this study, the seismic performance of a two-story unreinforced masonry (URM) building was assessed following the linear and nonlinear static procedures specified in the seismic evaluation guideline of existing buildings. First, the provisions to assess failure modes and shear strengths of URM walls and wall piers were reviewed. Then, a two-story URM building was assessed by the linear static procedure using m-factors. The results showed that the walls and wall piers with aspect ratios h_e // (i.e., effective height-to-length ratio) > 1.5 were unsafe due to rocking or toe crushing, whereas the walls with h_e // ≤ 1.5 and governed by bed-joint sliding mainly were safe. Axial stresses and shear forces acted upon individual masonry walls, and wall piers differed depending on whether the openings were modeled. The masonry building was reevaluated according to the nonlinear static procedure for a more refined assessment. Based on the linear and nonlinear assessment results, considerations of seismic evaluation for low-rise masonry buildings were given with a focus on the effects of openings.

• Architectural research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

This study was aimed at analyzing the three-step seismic performance evaluation procedure of Korea Infrastructure Safety Cooperation and proposing a new procedure suitable for unreinforced masonry buildings in Korea. For the study, it was investigated the performance evaluation results of five example URM buildings. First of all, it was found that the performance evaluation procedure for the URM buildings should be different from that for the other structural systems. As a result, a simple procedure of seismic performance evaluation was proposed, which includes elimination of elastic and inelastic push-over analysis and reduction of performance levels and evaluation steps. With the simple procedure, the URM buildings could be evaluated more easily than the other structures. It would be expected that the procedure can provide structural engineers with a simple and easy way to evaluate the seismic performance of the Korean URM buildings. Nevertheless, the procedure must be revised continuously by reflecting new research products for the URM buildings in Korea.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.113-128
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• 2002

The performance of steel MRF with rigid connections, proportioned by adopting different capacity design criteria, is evaluated in order to highlight the effectiveness of static non-linear procedure in predicting the structural seismic behavior. In the framework of the performance-based design, some considerations are made on the basis of the results obtained by both dynamic time histories and push-over analyses, particularly with reference to the damage level and the structure ability to withstand a strong earthquake.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.747-752
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• 2004

This paper presents an iterative linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach to the design of a static output feedback (SOF) stabilization controller. A linear penalty function is incorporated into the objective function for the non-convex rank constraint so that minimizing the penalized objective function subject to LMIs amounts to a convex optimization problem. Hence, the overall procedure results in solving a series of semidefinite programs (SDPs). With an increasing sequence of the penalty parameter, the solution of the penalized optimization problem moves towards the feasible region of the original non-convex problem. The proposed algorithm is, therefore, convergent. Extensive numerical experiments are Deformed to illustrate the proposed algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.207-220
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• 2013

In this study, the vulnerability of two existing asymmetric steel building frames to Progressive Collapse (PC) is assessed. The buildings have different frame systems, steel sections and number of stories (nine and six). An alternate path method (APM) with a linear static analysis (LS) is carried out according to General Services Administration (GSA) 2003 guidelines. The Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR) of each primary element (beams and columns) is given with its specific details for all frames. The results show that the nine-story building with a dual frame system (moment frame with bracing system) has a lower susceptibility and greater resistance to PC than the six-story building with a simple building frame system (gravity system with bracing system). Implementing built-up box-shaped sections for columns is a better choice than using built-up I-shaped sections because there is no weak axis for the box section.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.15-30
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• 2007

In the paper, one focuses on the problem of duality in non-linear programming, applied to the solution of no-tension problems by means of Limit Analysis (LA) theorems for Not Resisting Tension (NRT) models. In details, one demonstrates that, starting from the application of the duality theory to the non-linear program defined by the static theorem approach for a discrete NRT model, this procedure results in the definition of a dual problem that has a significant physical meaning: the formulation of the kinematic theorem.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.585-595
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• 2022

Using the nonlinear static procedures has become very common in seismic codes to achieve the nonlinear response of the structure during an earthquake. The capacity spectrum method (CSM) adopted in ATC-40 is considered as one of the most known and useful procedures. For this procedure the seismic demand can be approximated from the maximum deformation of an equivalent linear elastic Single-Degree-of-Freedom system (SDOF) that has an equivalent damping ratio and period by using an iterative procedure. Data from the results of this procedure are plotted in acceleration- displacement response spectrum (ADRS) format. Different improvements have been made in order to have more accurate results compared to the Non Linear Time History Analysis (NL-THA). A new procedure is presented in this paper where the iteration process shall not be required. This will be done by estimation the ductility demand response spectrum (DDRS) and the corresponding effective damping of the bilinear system based on a new parameter of control, called normalized yield strength coefficient (η), while retaining the attraction of graphical implementation of the improved procedure of the FEMA-440. The proposed procedure accuracy should be verified with the NL-THA analysis results as a first implementation. The comparison shows that the new procedure provided a good estimation of the nonlinear response of the structure compared with those obtained when using the NL-THA analysis.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.629-643
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• 2016

Among all the natural disasters, earthquakes are the most destructive calamities since they cause a plenty of injuries and economic losses leaving behind a series of signs of panic. The present study highlights the moment-curvature relationships for the structural elements such as beam and column elements and Non-Linear Static Pushover Analysis of RC frame structures since it is a very simplified procedure of non-linear static analysis. The highly popular model namely Mander's model and Kent and Park model are considered and then, seismic risk evaluation of RC building has been conducted using SAP 2000 version 17 treating uncertainty in strength as a parameter. From the obtained capacity and demand curves, the performance level of the structure has been defined. The seismic fragility curves were developed for the variations in the material strength and damage state threshold are calculated. Also the comparison of experimental and analytical results has been conducted.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-73
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• 2007

In this study, an effective load increment method for multi modal adaptive non-linear static (pushover) analysis (NSA) for building type structures is presented. In the method, lumped plastisicity approach is adopted and geometrical non-linearties (second-order effects) are included. Non-linear yield conditions of column elements and geometrical non-linearity effects between successive plastic sections are linearized. Thus, load increment needed for formation of plastic sections can be determined directly (without applying iteration or step-by-step techniques) by using linearized yield conditions. After formation of each plastic section, the higher mode effects are considered by utilizing the essentials of traditional response spectrum analysis at linearized regions between plastic sections. Changing dynamic properties due to plastification in the system are used on the calculation of modal lateral loads. Thus, the effects of stiffness changes and local mechanism at the system on lateral load distribution are included. By using the proposed method, solution can be obtained effectively for multi-mode whereby the properties change due to plastifications in the system. In the study, a new procedure for determination of modal lateral loads is also proposed. In order to evaluate the proposed method, a 20 story RC frame building is analyzed and compared with Non-linear Dynamic Analysis (NDA) results and FEMA 356 Non-linear Static Analysis (NSA) procedures using fixed loads distributions (first mode, SRSS and uniform distribution) in terms of different parameters. Second-order effects on response quantities and periods are also investigated. When the NDA results are taken as reference, it is seen that proposed method yield generally better results than all FEMA 356 procedures for all investigated response quantities.