• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.160-166
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• 1994

In general, the problems of strengthening and repairing of deteriorated or damaged reinforced concrete members are usually worked out in situ by externally bounding steel plates using epoxy resins, which has been recognized to be one of effective and convenient methods. But the disadvantages of strengthening/repairing concrete members with externally bonded steel plates include ; (a) deterioration of the bond at the steel-concrete interface caused by the corrosion of steel ; (b) difficulty in manipulating the plate at the construction site ; (c) improper formation of joints, due to the limited delivery lengths of the steel plates ; and etc. Therefore these difficulties eventually have led to the concept of replacing the steel plates by fiber-reinforced composite sheets which are characterized by their light weight, extremely high stiffness, excellent fatigue properties, and outstanding corrosion resistance. In the paper, for the reliability assessment of reinforced concrete beams externally strengthened by carbon fiber plastic(CFRP) laminates, an attempt is made to suggest a limit state model based on the strain compatibility method and the concept of fracture mechanics. And the reliability of the proposed models is evaluated by using the AFOSM method. The load carrying capacity of the deteriorated and/or damaged RC beams is considerably increased. Thus, it may be stated that the post-strengthening of concrete beams with externally bonded CFRP materials may be one of very effective way of increasing the load carrying capacity and stiffeness characteristics of existing structures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.523-533
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• 2018

In this study, the dynamic response of a functionally graded material (FGM) circular plate in contact with incompressible fluid under the harmonic load is investigated. Analysis of the plate is based on First-order Shear Deformation Plate Theory (FSDT). The governing equation of the oscillatory behavior of the fluid is obtained by solving Laplace equation and satisfying its boundary conditions. A new set of admissible functions, which satisfy both geometrical and natural boundary conditions, are developed for the free vibration analysis of moderately thick circular plate. The Chebyshev-Ritz Method is employed together with this set of admissible functions to determine the vibrational behaviors. The modal superposition approach is used to determine the dynamic response of the plate exposed to harmonic loading. Numerical results of the force vibrations and the effects of the different geometrical parameters on the dynamic response of the plate are investigated. Finally, the results of this research in the limit case are compared and validated with the results of other researches and finite element model (FEM).

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.285-296
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• 2014

Material damping affects the dynamic behaviors of engineering structures considerably, but up to till now little research is maintained on influence factors of material damping. Based on the damping-stress function of steel, the material damping of steel beams is obtained by calculating the stress distribution of the beams with an analytical method. Some key influence factors of the material damping, such as boundary condition, amplitude and frequency of excitation, load position as well as the cross-sectional dimension of a steel beam are analyzed respectively. The calculated results show that even in elastic scope, material damping does not remain constant but varies with these influence factors. Although boundary condition affects material damping to some extent, such influence can be neglected when the maximum stress amplitude of the beam is less than the fatigue limit of steel. Exciting frequency, load position and cross-section dimension have great effects on the material damping of the beam which maintain the similar changing trend under different boundary conditions respectively.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2013

Recently, Korean system operating conditions have gradually approached an upper limit. When a contingency occurs, the power system may have no solutions. Different from the cases of bad initial guesses or the solutions are too close to the solvability boundary in which numerical methods can be applied, for unsolvable cases, the only way to restore solvability would be structure modifications. In this paper, a new approach for corrective and preventive control to such cases is proposed in two steps: (i) finding any solution regardless its feasibility; (ii) for the infeasible solution, make it feasible with additional modifications at load buses having Distributed Energy Resources. The test case built based on the peak load profile of 2008 by KEPCO including 1336 buses is analyzed. Since reactive power compensation is optimized to restore solvability, all demands are met, therefore no blackouts happen. The proposed method was integrated in the LP program designed by power21 Corporation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 유기절연재료 전자세라믹 방전플라즈마 일렉트렛트 및 응용기술
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• pp.132-137
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• 2002

The mold transformers have been widely used in underground substations in large building and have some advantages in comparison to oil-transformer, that is low fire risk, excellent environmental compatibility, compact size and high reliability. In addition, the application of mold transformer for outdoor is possible due to development of epoxy resin. The mold transformer generally has cooling duct between low voltage coil and high voltage coil. A mold transformer made by one body molding method has been developed for small size and low loss. The life of transformer is significantly dependent on the thermal behavior in windings. To analyse winding temperature rise, many transformer designer have calculated temperature distribution and hot spot point by finite element method(FEM). Recently, numerical analyses of transformer are studied for optimum design, that is electric field analysis, magnetic field, potential vibration, thermal distribution and thermal stress. In this paper, the temperature distribution of 50 kVA pole mold transformer for power distribution are investigated by FEM program and the temperature rise test of designed mold transformer carried out and test result is analyzed compare to simulation data. In this result, the designed mold transformer is satisfied to limit value of temperature and the other property is good such as voltage ratio, winding resistance, no-load loss, load loss, impedance voltage and percent regulation.

• 오토저널
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.42-50
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• 1991

According as the members and inner and outer plates of the automobile body structure have been thinned their thickness and have become high strength, each part of the body structure has been put more severe stress condition. Therefore, it has been increasingly required to improve the fatigue strength of the spot welded structures. As one of the improving methods for such problem, the author had previously proposed the method of alleviating stress concentration at nugget edge of the spot weld part and improving its fatigue strength [1]. But, because fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint is influenced by its geometrical and mechanical factors, welding condition and etc., there needs a quantitative and systematic estimation method of them. In this report, by considering nugget edge of the spot weld part of the spot welded lap joint subjected to tensile load to the ligament crack, fatigue strength of various spot welded lap joints was estimated with the stress intensity factor (S.I.F.) K which is fracture mechanical parameter. It is known that evaluation of fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint by the stress intensity factor (S.I.F.) K is more effective than the maximum stress $(\sigma_{ymax}$) at edge of the spot weld part on the center line of width of the plate.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.311-318
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• 2006

CFD simulation is a tool very useful to predict the generation and absorption of the contaminant from the construction materials for the single room condition. However, there is a limit in multi-room simulation for analyzing air movement and contaminant concentration at the condition that the door of each room was closed. A lot of network simulation tool were developed which can used to analyze the mass transfer and contaminant concentration as results in the multi-room condition. However, existing network simulation method was not able to analyze the change of the heating and cooling load with the ventilation as though the change of the indoor air-pollution density was predictable. In this study, new approach to predict heating/cooling load and indoor contaminant concentration will be reviewed. New indoor contaminant concentration module reviewed in this study wad coupled with existing ESP-r network simulation method. The validity of new approach will be analysed for comparison the results of simulation and field measurement results.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.217-230
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• 2023

Methods for designing the post-tensioned anchorage zones at ultimate limit state has been specified in current design codes based on strut-and-tie models (STM). However, it is still not clear how to estimate the serviceability behavior of the anchorage zones. The serviceability is just indirectly taken into account by means of the reasonable reinforcement detailing. To address this issue, this paper is devoted to developing a modified strut-and-tie model (MSTM) to predict the behavior of concentric anchorage zones throughout the loading process. The principle of stationary complementary energy is introduced into STM at each load step to satisfy the compatibility condition and generate the unique MSTM. The structural behavior of anchorage zones can be achieved based on MSTM from loading to failure. Simplified formulas have been proposed to estimate the first cracking load, bearing capacity and maximum crack width with the consideration of the details of reinforcement bursting bars. The proposed model provides a definite method to control the bursting crack width in concentric anchorage zones. Four specimens with different bearing plate ratios have been designed and tested to validate the proposed method.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-18
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• 1989

암반에 지지된 선단지지맡뚝에 대한 연직재하시험시, 극한하중에 이르기까지 재하를 실시하는 것은 일반적으로 불가능하다. 이러한 경우 말뚝재하시험결과로부터 설계하중을 결정하기 위하여 봉복 윤중의 개념이 도입되어 오고 있다. 그러나, 이 강복초중을 결정하기가 용이하지 않은 경우가 많다. 본 논문에서는 우리나라 서해안과 남해안 지대 6개 현장에서 실시된 말뚝재하시험결과를 검토분 석하여 항복하중을 쉽게 결정할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법에서 강복하대은 말뚝의 침하량을 대수눈금으로, 하중을 정규눈금으로 한 반대수응지상에 정리된 하중과 침하량 체선(P- log영상의 변곡점으로 정의되었다. 이 방법에 의한 강복연동보다 약간 많은 하중까지 재하시험을실 기하므로써, 말뚝재하시험의 비용과 시간을 절약할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 안전한 작업조건도 마련할 수 있다. 이 강복하중은 하중과 침하량 거동의 탄성한계를 규정짓는 하중이 됨을 알 수 있었다. 25.4 mm침하시의 하중으로 결정되는 식한하동은 이 강복륜중의 1.i배에 해당하였으며 장기 및 단기 허 용하중은 각각 이 항복하중의 50%와 75%에 해당하였다. 또한 정역학적 지지력공식을 사용하여 허 용지지력을 구할 경우 안전율은 2.0~4.0으로 밝혀졌다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.755-762
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• 2007

노후된 PSC I 거더교에 대한 내하력 평가 방법과 외부 강선으로 보강된 교량의 성능 평가 및 보강 효과 검증 방법은 재하 차량을 이용한 현장 실험이 많이 사용된다. 하지만 재하 차량에 의한 실험은 탄성 범위 내의 사용하중 상태에서 이루어지므로 활하중에 의한 교량의 거동 특성 분석만 유효하며, 균열하중 이후에 나타나는 비선형 거동과 극한 상태에서의 내하력을 평가하는 것은 불가능하다. 이 실험 연구에서는 27년 동안 공용된 PSC I 거더교를 대상으로 여러 가지 재하 시험을 실시하여 사용하중 및 극한하중에 대한 교량의 거동 특성과 내하 능력을 분석하였다 또한 외부 강선 보강 방법의 보강 효과를 검증하기 위하여 기존 교량의 내부 PS 강선을 절단하여 인위적으로 손실을 유도하고 평가하였으며, 절단된 양 만큼을 외부 강선으로 보강하여 보강 전후의 거동 변화를 비교하였다. 이 실험 결과를 이용하면 PSC I 거더교에 외부 강선 보강 방법을 적용할 경우에 요구되는 기존 교량의 내하력, 요구 보강량, 보강 공사시 품질관리 기준 등을 보다 명확하게 결정할 수 있을 것이다.