• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 상용코드를 이용하여 수소 개질기의 곡유로 채널형에 대하여 수치해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 선행연구모델에 대한 수치해석 모델과 다른 관 형태의 곡유로 채널을 모델링하여 수치해석적으로 비교하였다. 4가지 타입의 곡유로 채널형 개질기의 수치해석 결과 메탄올 전환율은 타입1~4까지 각각 45.0%, 45.3%, 45.6%, 45.6%로 ${\pm}0.6%$ 포인트의 차이로 거의 차이가 없음을 나타내었다. 유동특성에 대해서는 사각타입의 관과 45도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입2에서 상대적으로 가장 균일한 유동 특성 및 메탄올 농도 분포를 보였으며, 원형타입의 관과 90도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입3에서 상대적으로 가장 불균일한 유동특성 및 메탄올 농도분포 특성을 나타내었다. 곡유로 채널형 개질기의 설계 시에는 45도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입과 같이 사각타입의 관과 45에 가까운 곡관의 각도를 가지도록 설계해야 한다는 결과에 도달하였다.

• Composites Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

조선해양 산업에서 선박의 에너지 절감과 운항효율 향상을 위한 부품의 경량화 기술이 요구됨에 따라서, 고강도의 경량소재인 섬유강화 복합소재를 부품소재로 적용하는 방안이 검토될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 LNGC 경량화를 위해 파이프 지지용 클램프의 섬유강화 복합소재 적용 가능성을 평가하였다. 탄소섬유 및 유리섬유를 강화섬유로 하여 섬유강화 복합소재를 제조하였으며, 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 통해 복합소재의 강화재료와 기지재료의 물성을 역계산하여 섬유 적층 패턴별 물성 변화에 따른 성능 예측을 수행하였다. 또한, 유한요소해석 프로그램를 통해 복합소재 두께에 따른 클램프의 구조해석을 수행하였다. 연구결과 경량화를 위해 클램프의 섬유강화 복합소재의 적용시 두께 선정에 주의가 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 보완 설계 시 구조물의 형상변경 및 경량화를 위한 구조변경에 용이할 것으로 판단된다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2023

In light of recent social concerns related to issues such as water supply pipe deterioration leading to problems like leaks and degraded water quality, the significance of maintenance efforts to enhance water source quality and ensure a stable water supply has grown substantially. In this study, scan statistic was applied to analyze water quality complaints and water leakage accidents from 2015 to 2021 to present a reasonable method to identify areas requiring improvement in water management. SaTScan, a spatio-temporal statistical analysis program, and ArcGIS were used for spatial information analysis, and clusters with high relative risk (RR) were determined using the maximum log-likelihood ratio, relative risk, and Monte Carlo hypothesis test for I city, the target area. Specifically, in the case of water quality complaints, the analysis results were compared by distinguishing cases occurring before and after the onset of "red water." The period between 2015 and 2019 revealed that preceding the occurrence of red water, the leak cluster at location L2 posed a significantly higher risk (RR: 2.45) than other regions. As for water quality complaints, cluster C2 exhibited a notably elevated RR (RR: 2.21) and appeared concentrated in areas D and S, respectively. On the other hand, post-red water incidents of water quality complaints were predominantly concentrated in area S. The analysis found that the locations of complaint clusters were similar to those of red water incidents. Of these, cluster C7 exhibited a substantial RR of 4.58, signifying more than a twofold increase compared to pre-incident levels. A kernel density map analysis was performed using GIS to identify priority areas for waterworks management based on the central location of clusters and complaint cluster RR data.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

In this study, Al-Si coated boron steel(1.2 mm) were laser welded by $CO_2$ laser and hot-stamping was applied to the laser joints. Tensile properties and microstructures of the joints were investigated before and after hot-stamping. Tensile and yield strengths of the as welded specimen similar with base metal and fracture occurred base metal of boron steel. Although, in case of heat treated specimen, fracture occurred fusion zone that Al segregated zone near the bond line. These could be explained by the existence of ferrite, in the Al segregated zone near the bond line and base metal of boron steel. Before hot-stamping, hardness of base metal is lower than fusion zone and heat affected zone in spite of exist Al segregation zone($Fe_3$(Al,Si)). So fracture occurred base metal. Although, after hot-stamping, microstructure of base metal and welds zone transformed to martensite and bainite except in Al segregation zone near the bond line that $Fe_3$(Al,Si) transformed to a-ferrite. So fracture occurred Al segregation zone near the bond line.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.639-646
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• 2000

Hot air heater with light oil combustion is the most common heater for greenhouse heating in the winter season in Korea. However, since the heat efficiency of the heater is about 80%, considerable unused heat in the form of exhaust gas heat discharges to atmosphere. In order to capture this exhaust gas heat a heat recovery system for plant bed heating in the greenhouse was built and tested in the hot air heating system of greenhouse. The system consists of a heat exchanger made of copper pipes, ${\phi}\;12.7{\times}0.7t$ located inside the rectangular column of $330{\times}330{\times}900mm$, a water circulation pump, circulation plastic pipe and a water tame The total heat exchanger area is $1.5m^2$, calculated considering the heat exchange amount between flue gas and water circulated in the copper pipes. The system was attached to the exhaust gas path. The heat recovery system was designed as to even recapture the latent heat of flue gas when exposing to low temperature water in the heat exchanger. According to performance test it can recover 45,200 to 51,000kJ/hr depending on the water circulation rates of 330 to $690{\ell}$/hr from the waste heat discharged. The exhaust gas temperature left from the heat exchanger dropped to $100^{circ}C$ from $270^{circ}C$ by the heat exchange between the water and the flue gas, while water gained the difference and temperature increased to $38^{circ}C$ from $21^{circ}C$ at the water flow rate of $690{\ell}$/hr. And, the condensed water amount varies from 16 to $43m{\ell}$ at the same water circulation rates. This condensing heat recovery system can reduce boiler fuel consumption amount in a day by 34% according to the feasibility study of the actual mimitomato greenhouse. No combustion load was observed in the hot air heater.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.4449-4461
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• 1977

Subsurface Drinage Problems arise from many causes. Flatland tends to be poorly drained, particularly where the subsoil permeability is low. There are many wet areas, however, where there is no evident connection between the area of seepage, or a high water table, and the topography of the site. High water tables may occur where the soil is either slowly or rapidly permeable, where the climate is either humid or arid, and where the land is either sloping or flat. This study is to bring light on subjects relating to increasing yield of crop and possibility of double crops a year in water logging paddy fields. Obtained results are briefly summarized as follows: 1. Effect of crop-yield in the plot A resulted 20.2 percent higher than the ordinary plot with yield of brown rice. 2. Possibility of double-crops a year is investigated. Effect of the barley production of the test plot resulted 168.2 percent higher than the other uplands near test plot with the yield of 1977 production and it is 3.8 percent higher compare with the yearly yields. 3. Decreasing depth of water level was measured 23.9mm per day and 14.3mm per day at the test plot and ordinary plot respectively and the amounts of subsurface drainage measured 30mm to 35mm per day. It is required that the relief well should be controled carefully and adequately. 4. Mean depth of ground water levl was measured 0.4∼0.5m regardless the width of corrugated pipe. It is significantly lowere than the ordinary plot(0.15∼0.20m) 5. The ground temperature of the test plot is higher 1 degree of centigarade or more than the ordinary plot and soil moisture content of the ordinary plot is higher 12.4∼27.8 percent than the plot reversely. There should be a relationship between rising of ground temperature and soil moisture.

• 센서학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.344-348
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• 2016

We developed a 2-channel fiber-optic temperature sensor (FOTS) using a temperature sensing probe, a fiber-optic coupler, transmitting optical fiber, and an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). The temperature sensing probe is divided into a sensing probe and a reference probe for accurate thermometry. A sensing probe is composed of a silicon oil, a FC terminator, a brass pipe, and a singlemode optical fiber and the structure of a reference probe is identical with that of the sensing probe excluding a silicon oil. In this study, we measured the modified optical powers of the light signals reflected from the temperature sensing probe placed inside of the water with a thermal variation from 5 to $70^{\circ}C$. Although the optical power of the reference probe was constant regardless of the temperature change, the optical power of the sensing probe decreased linearly as the temperature increased. As experimental results, the FOTS using a subtraction method showed a small difference (i.e., hysteresis) in its response due to heating and cooling. The reversibility and reproducibility of the FOTS were also evaluated.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2011

인공위성의 효율적인 열제어를 위해 알루미늄으로 만들어진 하니콤 패널과 OSR로 구성된 방열판을 사용한다. 또한 추가적으로 발열량이 많은 부품의 경우, 알루미늄으로 만들어진 더블러와 히트파이프 등을 이용하여 열제어를 수행한다. 최근 위성 전장 부품의 발열량의 증가로 정해진 위성의 크기, 발사 중량 및 비용으로 더 많은 열을 외부로 효율적으로 방출할 수 있는 방열 능력향상에 대한 필요성으로 새로운 열제어 물질에 대한 연구가 진행 중이다. 특히, 탄소 복합재는 일반적으로 열전도가 매우 높고, 가볍고, 기계적 강성에 좋은 특성이 있어 차세대 열제어를 위한 물질로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 차세대 탄소 복합재인, APG(Annealed Pyrolytic Graphite)와 탄소-탄소 복합재(carbon-carbon composites)를 이용하여 통신패널의 열제어를 수행하는 경우와 기존의 열제어 방식과의 차이를 수치적으로 비교하였다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2015

Citrate ion is a commonly used reductant in metal colloid synthesis, undergoes strong surface interaction with silver nanocrystallites. The slow crystal growth observed as a result of the interaction between the silver surface and the citrate ion makes this reduction process unique compared to other chemical and radiolytic synthetic methods. The antimicrobial effects of silver (Ag) ion or salts are well known, but the effects of citrate coated Ag nanoparticles (CAgNPs) are scant. Herein, we have isolated biofilm causative bacteria and fungi from drinking water PVC pipe lines. Stable CAgNPs were prepared and the formation of CAgNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopic analysis and recorded the localized surface plasmon resonance of CAgNPs at 430 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis revealed C=O and O-H bending vibrations due to organic capping of silver responsible for the reduction and stabilization of the CAgNPs. X-ray diffraction micrograph indicated the face centered cubic structure of the formed CAgNPs, and morphological studies including size (average size 50 nm) were carried out using transmission electron microscopy. The hydrodynamic diameter (60.7 nm) and zeta potential (-27.6 mV) were measured using the dynamic light scattering technique. The antimicrobial activity of CAgNPs was evaluated (in vitro) against the isolated fungi, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria using disc diffusion method and results revealed that CAgNPs with 170ppm concentration are having significant antimicrobial effects against an array of microbes tested.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of laser source($CO_2$ and Nd:YAG) on the microstructure and tensile properties of laser welded Al-Si coated boron steel(1.2mmt) was investigated with before and after hot-stamping. In case of as welds condition, fracture occurred in base metal unrelated to the laser source. It could be explained that tensile strength of fusion zone composed of martensite and bainite is higher than that of base metal that contains a lot of ferrite despite dilution of Al and Si from coating layer to fusion zone. In case of hot-stamping condition, the fracture occurred in fusion zone irrelevant to laser source and the tensile strength was lower than hot stamped base metal. In the $CO_2$ laser welds, $Fe_3$(Al,Si) formed near the bond line was transformed into ferrite during hot-stamping. Therefore tensile strength of bond line is lower than that of base metal and center of fusion zone and the fracture occurred in the bond line. On the other hand, in the Nd:YAG laser welds, the higher concentration of Al formed the ferrite in the fusion zone during hot-stamping treatment. Also, the thickness of centerline was thinner than that of base metal. Therefore, it is considered that fracture occurred in centerline of fusion zone due to effect of concentration stress, and it leaded to a lower tensile strength and elongation.