• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2004

본 논문은 건축물에 적용할 수 있는 자연채광 시스템으로서 채광부 반사판과 방광부의 위치 및 크기 등을 개선한 수평형 채광덕트를 개발하고자 하였으며, 이에 따른 실물모형 실험을 통하여 채광성능을 분석하고 적용가능성을 검증하고자 하였다. 연구결과 채광덕트의 적용시 청천공 상태에서는 실내 안쪽에서 0.3∼0.4％의 조도비가 측정되었다. 또한 덕트 폭보다 150[cm] 이상 넓은 조도분포를 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 채광성능이 높아 실제 건물에 적용할 경우 주간시간대에서 조명에너지 절약 가능성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5619-5626
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• 2015

천광(Zenithal Light)은 벽의 높은 곳에 위치한 창이나 지붕의 열린 부분으로부터 내부 혹은 중정과 같은 내부와 비슷한 공간에서 하강하면서 들어오는 빛으로, 본 연구에서는 이러한 천광을 이루는 천창의 다양한 사례들과 함께 빛이 들어오는 방식에 대한 유형을 구분하고 그 특성을 살펴보았다. 즉, 천창의 가장 큰 특징을 형성하는 것 중 하나로서 빛을 실내에 유입하는 구조적인 장치에 주목하고 이러한 장치인 매개체에 따라 크게 직사광형 덕트형, 쉐이드형으로 구분하고, 각각 세부적으로 변형된 유형으로 나누었다. 즉, 직사광형은 광원 비노출형과 광원 노출형으로 덕트형천창은 집중형과 분산형으로, 쉐이드형은 천정면형, 반사판형, 이중천창형, 수직벽면형 등으로 구분될 수 있다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.21-26
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• 1999

지하공간에 있어 자연채광의 도입 효과는 쾌적한 실내 조명환경의 조성과 함께 인공조명 에너지 절감에 따른 실내조명 전력부하를 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문은 지하공간 Perimeter Occupied Zone에 있어 자연채광 에너지의 적극적 활용을 목적으로 채광덕트 시스템의 이용가능성을 제시하였으며, 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 위한 실내면의 상오반사 특성을 고려한 수치해석 프로그램을 개발하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2012

A daylighting system includes three parts; light collector, light transformer and light distributor. A DBLP(Double blind light pipe) daylighting system consists of a double blind light collector, a mirror duct type light transformer and a prism film light pipe distributor. The double blinds for a light collection are used to track the sun's altitude and azimuth movements throughout the day. Behind both sets of blinds is the light transformer, which is based on a rectangular cone shaped light duct. The light transformer was designed to efficiently deliver the light into the light pipe within a 30 degree radial spread for the efficient light into the distributor. In this study, DBLP system efficiency was simulated, evaluated and optimized by Tracepro as a popular ray trace light design simulation program. The results indicated that DBLP system efficiency evaluated a maximum 22.4% in case of Spring/Fall season solar noon time. While the overall average system efficiency in the morning and afternoon is evaluated about 10%.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1989

Ultrastructure of the excretory duct of the small ampullate gland in the orb web spider, Nephila clavata L. Koch are studied with light and electron microscopes. The small ampullate glands, located near the midline portion of the abdominal cavity, are connected with the spigots(large spinning tubes) on the middle spinnerets and composed of three parts which are the excretory duct, the storage sac and the convoluted tail. The excretory duct of this gland is enclosed by a thin layer of the outer connective tissues. By the morphology of the apical cuticles and internal textures of the epithelial cells, the duct is subdivided into two regions which are proximal duct region near the sac and distal duct region near the spinnerets. At the distal region of the ducts, the subcuticle which had the function of water removal form the progenetive silk material is well developed, whereas at the proximal region this cuticle disappeared and instead of these, endocuticle is developed. Moreover the epithelium of the distal duct region is composed of columnar epithelial cells, but at the proximal region the epithelium is changed to squamous or cuboidal forms. In the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells, rough endoplasmic reticula, Golgi comlexes and large secretory vesicles related to the production of the cuticular materials are well developed. And between the adjacent epithelial cells, specialized septate junction and desmosomes are formed along the plasma membrane.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2009

It is common to design the duct branches where to supply the required air flow for individual room in residential apartment house. However it is difficult to adjust the air volume adequately in small air duct branches in residential ventilation system. The purpose of this study is to figure out the performance of Multidrop chamber coupling system for the residential ventilation system. The experiments were designed to simulate apartment of $84m^2$ and established multidrop chamber duct and general duct on the ceiling of the apartment. Distribution performance of air supply rate were evaluated in this experiments. As a result, distribution performance of air supply rate in the general duct is different from designed air supply rate by about 35% ~ 50% and about 10% in the multidrop chamber system. In additional the sound insulation performance of the multidrop chamber system decreased about 20% compared with general duct system. Therefore, the multidrop chamber system is considered to satisfy proper air supply rate of each room and to improve the sound insulation performance in apartment Houses.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 2부
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• pp.99-104
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• 2011

Daylighting system is an alternative to the energy crisis and environment change. And it is possible improvement system of Architectural Space Environment. Accordingly, it is very useful system. Because Daylight Duct System of Daylighting System gives high performance for its price, distribution rate is very high. But Daylighting Duct System is hard to accurate control. Accordingly, it is difficult to maintain continuously Daylight Environment in Interior Spaces. Lighting Diffusion System has been developed that it is Applying the principle of Reflector and prism diffuser for maximize the efficiency of lighting of Daylight Duct Systems through this study. And then compare lighting performance of Existing System and new Lighting Diffusion System through producing a mock-up. Thus, this study was carried out for the purpose of verification for excellence. It is that installed Each Daylighting Duct System for performance evaluation in a laboratory of width 4m, length 10m, height 2.5m. And illuminance was measured at noon on winter solstice(December 22) under clean sky. The actual measurement result was in the following. Newly developed lighting Diffusion system was measured maximum illuminance 399, minimum illuminance 221, average illuminance 141. Synthetically, daylight factor, uniformity factor and illuminance distribution were improved more than existing system. As a result, it was confirmed that was improved lighting Environment in Interior Spaces.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.151-162
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• 1989

Secretory ducts in the stem of Panax ginseng seedlings are observed with light and electron microscopes to clarify development of the epithelial cells of secretory ducts. Secretory duct initial cell is developed from procambial cell which originated from initial cell is differentiated into ipithelial cell ofsecretory ducts. Intercellular space between the epithelial cells are gradually expanded and differentiated into duct lumen. Disintegrations of epithelial cells occur throughout all the stages of development. The cytoplasm of epithelial cells darken and the epithelial cell wall are lysed, preceding their disintegraton. In the epithelial cell organelles are scattered in the cytoplasm. Development of vcuoles are sparse at the early stage. Starch grains decreased gradually, while lipid droplets increased. Free ribosomes are distributed throughout the cytoplasm and secretory vesicles which originated from rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex are fused with the plasmalemma. These suggest that the cellular metabolism is active. Microtubules and plasmodesmata are typically observed in the thickened epithelial cell wall. Secretions are accumulated in duct lumen.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2001

Identification of the age of ginseng root is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any criterion abut it has not been clearly established yet. We studied to find a clear morphological key for identification of ginseng root\\`s age using the histochemical staining method. Fresh sections of 3, 4, 5, and 6 year old roots were stained with 1% nile blue, observed under the light microscopy, and compared each other. The number of secretory duct layers(SDL) is a useful key to confirm the age of ginseng root as follow; three-year-old root has two, four-year-old one has three, fie-year-old one has four, and six-year-old one has five resin duct layers on each cortical region of roots. Secretory ducts are thought to be formed by the vascular cambium every year. Unlike the surrounding parenchyma cells, secretory epithelial cells lack starch grains in the cytoplasm.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.193-204
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• 1995

In order to examine the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation on the hepatic function, the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine and d-propranolol were investigated in rats. In addition, in an attempt to observe the degree of direct hepatic injury, light and electron microscopic observations and conventional pathologic test using serum were performed. Five days after common bile duct ligation, antipyrine(15 mg/kg) and d-propranolol(3 mg/kg) were intravenously administrated to the rats, respectively. The total clearances of antipyrine and d-propranolol were significantly(p<0.05) decreased. Because hepatic clearance of antipyrine poorly extracted by the liver and that of d-propranolol highly extracted by the liver are respectively dependent on the hepatic intrinsic clearance and the hepatic blood flow, it may be concluded that extrahepatic cholestasis following five days after common bile duct ligation decreased the hepatic intrinsic clearance and the hepatic blood flow. SGPT, SGOT, cholesterol, bilirubin(total bilirubin, direct bilirubin) and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased(p<0.05). The proliferation of bile ducts was prominent, and degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes were observed by light microscope. Also, ultrastructurally, bile canaliculi were containing the amorphous materials and losing microvilli, and SER and RER in hepatocytes were dilated and vacuolated.