• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.816-826
• /
• 1998

The effects of rice bran oil on the characteristics of performance and exhaust emissions have been experimentally examined by a single cylinder four cycle direct injection water-cooled and agricultural diesel engine operating at several loads and speeds. The experiments are conducted with light oil blends of rice bran with light oil and rice bran oil as a fuel. The fuel injection timing if fixed to $22^{\circ}$ BTDC regardless of fuel type engine loads and speeds. Any oxygen is not included in light oil while the oxygen contents of 10.7% are included in rice bran oil. The lower calorific value of rice bran oil is less than light oil and the viscosity is very high compared with light oil. In pre-sent study it is found that these major differences of chemical and physical properties control the combustion parameters that affect the performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engines using a rice bran oil as fuels.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 1987

Oil in water microemulsion containing soybean oil and egg phosphatide was prepared by vacuum high shear mixing and high pressure homogenizing. The laser particle sizer, Coulter counter and photomicroscope were used to determine the particle size distribution at each cycle of homogenizing. Particularly, the laser particle sizer(dynamic light scattering method) was applied to the study of particle size distribution behavior below $1\;{\mu}m$. It was found that the particle size distribution below $1\;{\mu}m$ was shifted to lower size range as the number of passing cycle was increased. Beyond the 7th cycle, however, the particle size distribution was not varied.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 2004

The effects of improved rice bran oil on the characteristics of exhaust emissions have been experimentally examined by a single cylinder, four cycle, direct injection, water-cooled agricul-tural diesel engine operating at several loads and speeds. The experiments are conducted with light oil, rice bran oil, and improved rice bran oil as a fuel. The fuel injection timing is fixed to 22$^{\circ}$ BTDC regardless of fuel types, engine loads and speeds. To reduce the viscosity of rice bran oil, it is used with the methods of heating, methyl ester and ultrasonic system in a highly viscous rice bran oil. In this study, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption rate of light oil is the lowest and that of improved rice bran oils is lower than that of pure rice bran oil, and NO$_{x}$ emissions of light oil are the lowest and those of pure rice bran oil are the high- est, while soot emissions of light oil are the highest and those of pure and improved rice bran oils are lower than that of light oil. However these results are not amply satisfied with the emissions regulation limit using the pure and improved rice bran oil as fuels in diesel engines.s.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Autumn Annual Meeting)
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2000

The effects of improved rice bran oil on the characteristics of exhaust emissions have been experimentally examined by a single cylinder, four cycle, direct injection, water-cooled and agricultural diesel engine operating at several loads and speeds. The experiments are conducted with light oil rice bran oil, and improved rice bran oil as a fuel. The fuel injection timing is fixed to 22$^{\circ}$BTDC regardless of fuel type, engine loads and speeds. To reduce the viscosity of rice bran oil, it is used with the methods of heating, methyl ester and ultrasonic system in a highly viscous rice bran oil. In this study, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption rate of light oil is the lowest and that of improved rice bran oil is lower than that of pure rice bran oil, and NOx emissions of light oil are the lowest and those of pure rice bran oil are the highest, but soot emissions of light oil are the highest. However these results are not amply satisfied with the emissions regulation limit using the pure and improved rice bran oil as a fuel in diesel engines.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.4259-4264
• /
• 1976

This paper, is about the test on the operating performance of diesel engine by using of soybean oil which farmers could supply in their farm yard. The diesel engine used is a swirl-chamber type, four stroke cycle with single cylinder, air cooling and its rated horse power is 2 PS per 1300 rpm. Several results obtained are as follows; 1. The starting performance of diesel engine with soybean oil is almost the same as that with light oil. 2. The variation of engine speed according to various engine load is small when soybean oil is used compared with light oil. It is considered that soybean oil is desirable for the purpose of industerial power machine fuel. 3. The specific fuel consumption increases approximately 10 percent high in the condition of rated horse power and maximum horse power and shows less or same during the load test in low velocity, when soybean oil is used 4. Though the brake thermal efficiency in the condition of rated horse power and maximum horse power is inclined to decrease when soybean oil is used compared during the load test in low velocityt shows good inclination.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제46권5호
• /
• pp.965-970
• /
• 2008

접촉분해경유의 산화반응후 포함된 산화황화합물을 분리하기위해 다양한 용매를 사용하여 용매추출에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 용매로는 극성을 가진 물, N-메틸피놀리논, 에틸아세테이트, 디메틸포름아마이드, 이소프로필알코올, 아세토니트릴, 메탄올등을 사용하였다. 실험결과, 접촉분해경유와 용매와의 층분리는 적절한 양의 물을 첨가한 경우에 이루어졌으며, 물과 N-메틸피놀리논을 혼합한 혼합용매가 접촉분해경유로부터 산화황화합물의 선택적인 분리에 가장 적절하였다. 또한 접촉분해경유로부터 황화합물을 99.5% 이상으로 제거하기 위해선, 4단 정도의 평형추출이 필요하였다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.799-804
• /
• 2018

결정화조작에 의해 접촉분해경유(LCO) 유분 중에 함유된 2,6-디메틸나프탈렌(2,6-DMN)의 분리 정제를 검토했다. LCO 유분을 원료로, 이소프로필알코올을 결정화 용매로 각각 사용하여 solute crystallization (SC)을 수행했다. 결정화 조작온도의 상승과 용매/원료의 체적비(S/F)의 증가는 2,6-DMN의 순도를 향상시켰으나, 역으로 수율의 저하를 초래시켰다. LCO 유분(13.9% 2,6-DMN)과 이소프로필알코올을 사용한 SC, SC에 의해 회수한 결정과 메틸아세테이트를 사용한 re-crystallization 1 (RC 1), RC 1에 의해 회수한 결정과 메틸아세테이트를 사용한 RC 2의 3단계로 결정화조작을 행한 결과, 19.5%의 수율로 99.9% 2,6-DMN의 결정을 회수할 수 있었다. SC, RC 1, RC 2의 각 조작을 통해 얻어진 실험적 결과를 이용하여 LCO 유분 중에 함유된 2-6-DMN의 분리 정제공정을 검토했다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.162-170
• /
• 1996

접촉분해경유(Light Cycle Oil : LCO)중에는 엔지니어링 플라스틱 및 고분자 액정 등의 기초 원료로서 각광 받고 있는 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene(2,6-DMNA)이 함유되어 있다. 본 연구는, LCO중에 함유된 2,6-DMNA의 분리, 정제를 위한 전처리조작으로서 LCO중에 함유된 dimethylnaphthalene(DMNA)이성체 혼합물의 농축을 추출-증류의 조합에 의해 실험적으로 검토했다. 또, LCO중에 함유된 DMNA이성체 혼합물의 농축에 대한 증류와 추출-증류의 조합을 비교, 검토하였다. Dimethylsulfoxide수용액을 용매로 사용한 회분병류 5회 평형추출로서 LCO중에 함유된 방향족 성분을 회수한 결과, 회수된 추출유중의 나프탈렌류 성분(탄소수 : 10-12)의 농도는 LCO중의 나프탈렌류 성분의 그것에 비해 높았으며, 나프탈렌류 성분의 수율은 탄소수가 작은 성분일수록 컸다. 5회 평형추출에 의한 DMNA이성체 혼합물의 회수율은 65wt%이었다. 추출유의 회분증류로서 얻어진 DMNA을 함유한 유출액을 재차 회분증류함으로서 60wt%의 고농도 DMNA이성체 혼합물을 함유한 유출액의 회수가 가능했다. LCO중에 함유된 DMNA이성체 혼합물의 농축에는 LCO의 직접증류보다 추출-증류의 조합이 더 효과적이었다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.232-242
• /
• 2005

It has been recognized that solar water heating systems are economically inferior to conventional gas water-heaters and boilers using light oil as fuel in spite of having practical possibilities among other alternative energy facilities in Korea. The solar system, however, should be revaluated due to the sharp rise of oil prices recently. We have calculated the energy amount and cost through a series of research projects for the system by experiment and simulation, which lead to analyzing reliable life cycle costs. For the economic analysis, the gas water-heater and light oil boiler were taken as base cases while the solar systems implemented with these facilities were compared as alternatives. As a result, the solar system using the light oil as an auxiliary fuel surpassed the light oil boiler in economics. And a $50\%$ government subsidy for the initial cost is needed to maintain competitiveness with the gas hot-water heater. With this support, the simple payback period of the system can approach 12.8 years under $20\%$ additional curtailment of expenditure.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2000

In order to clarify the final process of oil consumption, the distribution and flow of oil through each ring were visualized by induced fluorescence method. Motoring and firing test were performed in a single cylinder research engine with transparent cylinder liner. The appropriate calibration techniques were used to solve the unstability of induced light intensity as well as to know the relation of the oil film thickness and output signal. Oil behavior was also observed at dynamic state by high speed CCD camera. By analyzing the oil film thickness converted from the photographed image, it was observed that the main route of oil transport through each ring is the end gap under the usual operating condition, low engine speed and low load condition. Oil film thickness is observed to be irregular and tend to move in a body horizontally at a given piston land. And it is also found that oil flows through oil ring gap so quickly that it can be observed in a single cycle, but it flows so slowly through top and 2nd compression rings that it takes quite a long time to detect the flow.