• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.17 no.3_4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to investigate the current status of the pain in and the dysfunction related to the musculoskeletal system experienced by patients with end-stage renal failure receiving hemodialysis. Methods: A questionnaire survey was given to 107 patients undergoing hemodialysis in M Hospital. The survey was conducted by using a brief pain inventory(BPI) to investigate the body parts in pain, degree of pain, difficulty in daily life, correlation with hemodialysis and the degree of satisfaction with their own health. Results: The investigation of the patients undergoing hemodialysis showed that 89(83.2%) of the 107 patients experienced pain in their musculoskeletal system. Their pain's incidence was highest in the knees(46.1%) and 68.5% of the patients reported that the most severe pain they had experienced within the past 24 hours was at a level between "moderate" and "severe." The limitation of daily life by pain is high most as 47.7% in the accomplishment of works. Conclusion: Most hemodialysis patients experience musculoskeletal related pain that affects their daily life. Hemodialysis patient management programs should include an assessment and management of such pain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.137-142
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• 1997

Spot welding has been used in the sheet metal joining processes because of its high productivity and convenience. In this study effects of welding conditions on the fatigue life and predicting methods of fatigue life of spot welded joint have been studied. Fatigue life was estimated by stress index parameter considering multiaxial stresses. Fatigue tests were conducted with the tensile-shear specimens using SPCC. Fatigue life of spot welded joint was influenced by welding currents and was predicted exactly with taking into account Stage III.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.115-121
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• 2009

Despite a recent increased nation's attention given to improving end-life care, we professionals need to be more critical and reflective on our realities surrounding hospice palliative care. The aim of this paper is to suggest that palliative care models can be used for patients/families in the last phase of life and examine whether they are appropriate for caring them in congruence with philosophy of hospice. The hospice experience model (HEM) of Eagan & Labyak and the developmental model of Byock are introduced and examined for their congruence with philosophy of hospice in applying to clinical practice. The HEM as a patient/family value-directed end of life care model emphasizes three principles; unique experience of patient/family, interactions/relationships among multiple dimensions of personhood and between family, and personal growth and development in the face of suffering through a life-completion. The developmental model stipulates dying as the last stage of living, a stage of life cycle in which patients/family may have growth through life-completion in multidimensional relationships of personhood. The model includes the developmental landmarks and tasks for life-completion as the framework to guide a means of professionals' to recognize their opportunity to grow. The landmarks and tasks include worldly and social affair, individual relationships, intrapersonal, and transcendent dimension. The models could work as appropriate palliative care models for patients/families in the last stage of living. The professionals need to be encouraged to apply the models to end of life care setting.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2001

The Ovarian developmental phases of the reproductive cycle of Rapana venosa can be classified into five successive stages by histological study: early active stage (September to February), late active stage (December to April), ripe stage (March to July), partially spawned stage (May to August), and recovery stage (June to September). To understand the characteristics of nutrient storage and utilization in the digestive gland cells with ovarian developmental phases, we examined the digestive gland - which is the major nutrient supply organ associated with ovarian development of the female purple shell - by biochemical methods. Total protein contents in the digestive gland tissues increased in March (late active stage) and reached the maximum in May (ripe and partially spawned stages), and then their levels sharply decreased in July (partially spawned and recovery stages). Total lipid contents in the digestive gland tissues reached the maximum in January (early active stage). Thereafter, their levels rapidly decreased from May (ripe and partially spawned stages) and reached a minimum in July (partially spawned and recovery stages). The total DNA contents did not significantly change regardless of the different developmental stages of the ovary. However, it was also found from biochemical analysis that changes in total RNA content follow the same seasonal cycling to protein. These results indicate that the digestive gland is an important energy storage and supply organ in purple shells, and that the nutrient contents of the digestive gland change in response to gonadal energy needs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.93-94
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• 2003

To investigate the food organisms of the Acentrogobius elongata during the juveniles stage, the stomach contents of fish, captured in the intertidal zone of Chungchongnam-do Sochon-gun Su-myon Dodun-ri between on early in June from the end of May 2000, were observed. Total length of the fingerings of A. elongata was 1.0~3.0cm size, and the participation rate of feeding was 68.6%. Main food organisms were such as copepods, shrimp larvae, polychaete larvae, and these occupied more than dry weight 4%. Copepods among them dominated the most quantitys by average 64.6%, and food organismsms appeared by order of polychaete larvae and shrimp larvae etc.. Therefore, most important food organisms of fingerlings stage of A. elongata were copepods, polychaete larvae, shrimp larvae etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.359-360
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• 2002

To investigate the food organisms of the Tridentiger trigonocephalus during the juveniles stage, the stomach contents of fish, captured in the intertidal zone of Chungchongnam-do Sochon-gun Su-myon Dodun-ri between on early June from end if may 1999, were observed. Total length of the juveniles of T. trigonocephalus was 5.5mm∼9.0mm size, and the participation rate of feeding was 68.5%. Main food organisms were such as copepods, amphipods, shrimp larvae, polychaete larvae, and these occupied more than dry weight 2%. Copepods among them dominated the most quantitys by average 67.5%, and next, food organismsms appeared much by order of polychaete larvae and shrimp larvae etc.. Therefore, most important food organisms of juvenile stage of T. trigonocephalus were copepods, polychaete larvae, shrimp larvae etc.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.228-233
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• 2002

In this study, Life Cycle Assessment method has been carried out the Corrugated board box in considering environmental aspects by quantifying the environmental emission and assessing its environmental impact potential. The system boundary in this study is selected from cradle to gate stage(raw material acquisition, raw material production and product manufacturing) of the paper product. To evaluate the environmental impact potential, impact categories are divided into 8 categories. As a results, abiotic resource depletion of the impact categories has the largest contribution to the total impact potential as 31.02% of total, Next were continued ecotoxicity having a contribution of 27.17%. In the life cycle, environmental impacts from law material production stage were contributed largely as 80.78%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.124-131
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• 2012

This paper presents a spreadsheet-based reliability prediction simulation framework for the conceptual product design stage to acquire system reliability information in timely manner. During early stage, reliability performance deals with both known and unknown failure rates and component-level and subsystem-level failure estimate to predict system reliability. A technique for performing life testing simulation using Excel spreadsheet has been developed under the such circumstances. This paper also discuss the results obtainable from this method such as reliability estimate, mean and variance of failures and confidence intervals. The resultant of this reliability prediction system is mainly benefitting small and medium-sized enterprise's field engineers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2002

To investigate the food organisms of the Tridentiger trigonocephalus during the juveniles stage, the stomach contents of fish, captured in the intertidal zone of Chungchongnam-do Sochon-gun Su-myon Dodun-ri getween on early June from end of May 1999, were observed. Total length of the juveniles of T. trigonocephalus was 5.5mm∼9.0mm size, and the participation rate of feeding was 68.5%. Main food organisms were such as copepods, shrimp larvae, polychaete larvae, and these occupied more than dry weight 2%. Copepods among them dominated the most quantitys by average 67.5%, and next, food organismsms appeared much by order of polychaete larvae and shrimp larvae etc.. Therefore, most important food organisms of juvenile stage of T. trigonocephalus were copepods, polychaete larvae, shrimp larvae etc.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.221-230
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• 1997

This study attempts to examine the average number of stored items of apartment residents composed of 4 family members and to compare the quantitative differences of the stored items according to the apartment size and the stage of life-cycle. The finding shows that the number of items stored in apartments increases as the size of apartments and the stag of life-cycle of husband and wife living in the apartments of more than 180$m^2$ increase approcimately twice, compared to those in the apartments of less than 83$m^2$. Therefore, the storage space in apartments should be designed more effectively considering the change of the stored items in relation to of the apartment size and their stage of life-cycle. This study suggests the specific design of the built-in closets for clothings, sheets, accessories and shoes based on the number of the items.