• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.70-71
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• 2003

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), is a widespread environmental pollutant. In this study, we investigated the effect of DDT on testosterone production through aromatase and investigated its molecular mechanism in testicular leydig cell, R2C. We investigated that the effects of DDT on testosterone production and its effects on aromatase activity in R2C cell by radio immunoassay (RIA). (omitted)

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2005

Changes in the rabbit Leydig cell from birth to adulthood were studied in New Zealand white rabbits of 1, 7, 21, 35, 49, 70, 105, 147, 196, and 252 days (n = 8 rabbits per group) of age. The objectives of this study were to understand the fate of the fetal Leydig cells, to determine the changes in serum testosterone levels, and leutenizing hormone-stimulated testosterone production per testis in vitro, and to quantify adult Leydig cells by number and average volume with age. Testes of rabbits were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using $1{\mu}m$ sections stained with methylene blue-azure II, qualitative and quantitative (stereological) morphological studies were performed. Testosterone levels in the incubation medium of luteinizing hormone-stimulated (100 ng/ml) testosterone secretion per testis in vitro, and in serum were determined by radioimmunoassay. The average volume of a testis of 1-day-old rabbits was determined as $0.0073cm^3$ and the parameter increased linearly from birth to 252 days ($3.93cm^3$). The volume density of the seminiferous tubules increased with age from 33.76% at day 1 to 88.2% at day 252. The volume density of the interstitium represents 66.24% of the testicular parenchyma at day 1. This proportion progressively diminished during development to reach a value of 11.8% at day 252. The volume density of Leydig cells increased almost linearly from birth (0.001%) to 252 days (2.62%). Leydig cell mass per testis increases from 0.0012 mg to 0.25 mg between days 1 and 35, from 2.66 mg to 44.3 mg between days 49 and 105 and from 65.42 mg and 102.9 mg between days 147 and 252. The absolute numbers of adult Leydig cells per testis increased linearly from birth to 252 days. The average volume of adult Leydig cell on days 1, 7, 21 and 35 was not significantly different; a gradual and continued increase was observed thereafter, reaching a 3-fold increase at 196 and 252 days. Serum testosterone concentrations were not significantly different at day 1 compared days 7, 21, 35. Significant increases were observed at days 49 and 70. Values at days 70 and 105 and days 147, 196, and 252 were not significantly different. LH-stimulated testosterone production per testis in vitro was significantly different at day 1 compared days 7, 21, 35. Significant increases were observed at days 49 and 70. Hormonal values at days 105, 147, 196, and 252 were not significantly different. These data suggested Leydig cell developmental phase can be classified: a neonatal phase (1-7 days), a prepubertal phase (14-49 days) and an adult phase (70-252 days). Immature and mature adult Leydig cells, initially detected at days 7 and 49, respectively, and mature adult Leydig cells were abundant Leydig cell type according to the number and absolute volume per testis form day 49 onwards.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorambucil on the mouse Leydig cell by electron microscopy. Chlorambucil suspended in the 0.5N sodium bicarbonate(pH 8.0) was injected I.P.(intraperitoneal) at a dosage of level 20mg/kg for 1 weeks, 3 weeks and 5 weeks, respectively. The results obtained from this experiment are as follows: 1. One week after the administration of chlorambucil, there was an increase in heterochromatin, swelling and cristae disruption in some mitochondria, mild vacuolation between cells and the occurrence of membrane bound inclusions in some nuclei. 2. After 3 weeks, smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilations, cytoplasmic vacuolation, mitochondrial swelling, inner mitochondrial cristae disruption, membranous whorls, and intranuclear inclusions were observed in the treated cells. 3. After 5 weeks of treatment, most mitochondria were swollen and their membranes were severely disrupted. Further, smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilations and vacuolation of the cytoplasm were apparent in the treated Leydig cells. In addition numerous membranous whorls and intranuclear inclusion bodies were present. The nuclei displayed invaginatons of the nuclear membrane and large clumps of heterochromatin. From these results it is concluded the longer the duration of chlorambucil administration, the greater the degeneration of the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of water extract of Woogyuyeum (WGY) in Leydig cells. Methods : We investigated the cytoprotective effect of WGY in cultured mouse Leydig cells by MTT assay. Leydig cells treated with WGY were incubated in the presence or absence of 50 μM hydrogen peroxide at 37℃ for 24 h. The protective effects of WGY against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity assays were performed in Leydig cells. Results : As a result, WGY showed no significant cytotoxicity in Leygdig cells. WGY showed cell viability as 103.65% in 5 μg/ml concentrations. The cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide in Leygdig cells, the antioxidant effects of WGY was increased in 1, 5, 50, 100 ug/ml concentraions. 100 μg/ml concentration of WGY showed maximum antioxidant effects. Treatment of cells with 100 μg/ml WGY significantly reduced the MDA concentration to 0.23 nmoles/mg protein. SOD activity was increased at 1, 100 μg/ml concentration of WGY and catalase activity was significantly increased at 50, 100 μg/ml concentrations of WGY, respectively. Conclusions : In conclusion, WGY has antioxidant activities against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Leydig cells.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.511-522
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• 1999

본 연구는 여러 가지 원인으로 인공 유산된 사람 태아 17예를 태령 14주에서 27주로 분류한 뒤, 고환간질내에서 간질세포의 미세구조를 광학현미경과 전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 사람 태아 고환의 간질세포를 형태적으로 방추형간질세포, 밝은 간질세포, 어두운 간질세포 그리고 변성 간질세포로 분류할 수 있었다. 2. 미성숙한 방추형간질세포는 14주에 많이 관찰되었으며 점차 분화되어 밝은 간질세포와 어두운 간질세포로 변하였다. 3. 밝은 간질세포와 어두운 간질세포는 17주와 24주에 가장 많이 분포하였으며 변성 간질세포는 27주에 많이 관찰되었다. 4. 무과립세포질세망은 밝은 간질세포내에서 현저히 관찰되었으며 점차 내강이 팽대되어 세포질 전반을 차지하고 있었다. 5. 사립체는 밝은 간질세포에 많이 분포하였고 사립체능은 농축되어 진하게 나타났으며, 어두운 간질세포에서 전자밀도가 높은 사립체 함유물을 포함하고 있었다. 6. 지방소적은 태령 14주부터 관찰되어 16주에 가장많은 분포를 보였고 20주 이후 감소하는 양상이 관찰되었다. 7. 간질세포내에 풍부한 양의 당원과립이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 보면 사람 태생기 중 고환의 간질세포는 다른 동물에서와 같이 유사한 분화과정을 거친다고 할 수 있다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 1998

This study was carried out to evaluate the testicular toxicity of 2-bromopropane (2-BP), which recently caused occupational intoxication on the reproductive and hematopoietic system in Koreans, using light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. 10 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 0.5 g/㎏/day of 2-BP orally for 8 consecutive weeks. The testes of the rats were vascularly perfused with Karnovsky's solution or immersed in Bouin's solution, embedded in plastic and evaluated with light microscopy. And relative proportions of haploid, diploid, and tetra-ploid states of DNA ploidy in the testicular cell suspensions of the SD rats were examined by flow cytometry. 2-BP induced severe testicular atrophy, depletion and degeneration of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids and mild hyperplasia of Leydig cells without significant morphological changes. The Leydig cell hyperplasia was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The immunopositive cells against PCNA were observed in the nuclei oj some interstitial cells. Relative proportions of haploid states of DNA ploidy decreased in the atrophic testicular cell suspensions comparing with those of the control. In conclusion, 2-BP induced testicular atrophy with Leydig cell hyperplasia as examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and DNA flow cytometry.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2004년도 KSOT/KEMS Fall Annual Meeting
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• pp.167-167
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• 2004

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.68-68
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• 2004

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Objectives : Baicalein (3,3', 4', 5, 6-pentahydroxyflavone), a type of flavonoid, is a well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredient found in Scutellaria baicalensis root. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of baicalein on nitric oxide (NO) production in TM3 mouse Leydig cells stimulated by indomethacin (IN). Methods : TM3 cells were treated with IN (0.5 μM) and baicalein at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM for 24 hr, 40 hr, 42 hr, 44 hr, and 64 hr. After treatments, cell viabilities were measured with the modified MTT assay. The production of nitric oxide in cells was measured by Griess reagent assay. Results : Baicalein showed no cytotoxicity on IN-stimulated TM3. NO production in IN-stimulated TM3 treated for 24 hr with baicalein at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM was 95.8%, 94.86%, 89.97%, and 81.52% of the control group treated with IN only, respectively; NO production for 40 hr was 97.34%, 97.34%, 95.15%, and 87.42%, respectively; NO production for 42 hr was 89.12%, 90.14%, 89.74%, and 90.26%, respectively; NO production for 44 hr was 83.83%, 84.94%, 85.65%, and 86.85%, respectively; NO production for 64 hr was 94.12%, 95.38%, 94.21%, and 94.12%, respectively. Specifically, baicalein at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 have been shown to most efficiently inhibit NO productions in 48 hr of treatment. Conclusions : Baicalein might have anti-toxicant effect on Leydig cells related with its inhibition of NO production in Leydig cells stimulated with IN.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2006

한국 재래 닭에서 부화 후부터 성숙에 이르는 시기까지 고환 발달동안 간질세포의 미세구조를 구명하기 위하여 부화 후 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 28, 32, 44, 52 및 64주령(n=13마리/일령)의 한국 재래 닭을 이용하여 이 연구를 수행하였다. 한국 재래닭의 고환은 2.5% glutaraldehyde를 이용하여 전신관류고정하고 조직 처리 과정을 거쳐 Epon-araldite에 포매하였다. 초박절편기를 사용하여 $1{\mu}m$로 절편한 다음 methylene blue로 염색하여 일반적인 조직의 변화상을 관찰하였고 간질세포의 미세구조는 초박 절편을 제작하여 투과전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 간질세포내에서 테스토스테론과 연관성이 있는 미세구조인 사립체, 평활형질내세망 및 지방방울의 변화에 따라 간질세포의 발달 유형을 분류하면, 1) 간질세포가 치밀하게 배열되어 있고 세포 사이의 공간이 거의 없으며 핵이 간질세포 용적의 많은 부분을 차지하고 있는 시기로 핵은 전자밀도가 높은 유형과 희박한 유형으로 나눌 수 있었고, 또한 세포질 내에는 많은 양의 지방방울, 소량의 사립체 및 평활형질내세망을 갖고 있는 시기, 2) 세포질 내에 큰 폭으로 확장된 평활형질내세망, 풍부한 사립체 및 감소된 지방방울을 갖고 있는 시기로 나눌 수 있다.