• 신재생에너지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) using gas liquefaction has attracted considerable attention because of its mature technology, high energy density, few geographical constraints, and long life span. On the other hand, LAES has not yet been commercialized and is being developed recently. Therefore, few studies have performed an economic analysis of LAES. In this study, the levelized cost of electricity was calculated and compared with that of other energy storage systems. As a result, the levelized cost of electricity of LAES was $371/MWh. This is approximately $292/MWh, $159/MWh, $118/MWh, and $3/MWh less than that of the LiCd battery, VRFB battery, Lead-acid battery, and NaS battery. In addition, the cost was approximately $62/MWh and $195/MWh more than that of Fe-Cr flow battery and PHS. Sensitivity analysis of the levelized cost of electricity according to the main economic factors was performed, and economic uncertainty analysis was performed through a Monte-Carlo simulation. The cumulative probability curve showed the levelized cost of electricity of LAES, reflecting price fluctuations in the air compressor cost, electricity cost, and standing reserve hourly fee.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2024

This study conducted an economic analysis of renewable heat energy by estimating the levelized cost of heat production (LCOH) of ST and GSHP and comparing it with the cost of alternative fuels. The LCOH of ST ranged from 396.8 KRW/kWh to 578.7 KRW/kWh (small-scale), 270.3 KRW/kWh to 393.3 KRW/kWh (large-scale), and 156.3 KRW/kWh to 220.7 KRW/kWh for GSHP. The economic feasibility of ST and GSHP was analyzed by comparing the calculated LCOH and the fuel costs such as gas and kerosene prices. Moreover, scenario analyses were conducted for installation subsidies under the current system to examine the changes in the economics of renewable thermal energy.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2014

국내 원자력발전소의 주기길이는 전력회사의 전력수급계획에 따라 결정된다. 주기길이는 노심에 장전할 신연료 다발수와 핵연료 농축도를 조정하여 결정할 수 있다. 전력회사에서는 특정 주기길이를 만족시키기 위한 방법으로 신연료 다발수를 정한 후 핵연료 농축도를 결정하는 방법을 적용하고 있다. 그러나 이 방법의 경우 같은 주기길이를 갖는 다른 신연료 다발수와 핵연료 농축도의 조합들 보다 핵연료 주기비 측면에서 가장 경제적인지 판단할 수가 없다. 따라서 본 분석에서는 상용 노심설계 코드인 CASMO/MASTER 코드를 사용하여 OPR1000(Optimized Power Reactor 1000) 발전소를 대상으로 신연료 다발수와 핵연료 농축도 조합에 대한 노심 연소계산을 수행하여 동일한 주기길이를 갖는 최적의 신연료 다발수와 핵연료 농축도 조합은 무엇인지 분석하였다. 천이노심계산에서 발생할 수 있는 불확실도를 최소화하기 위해 노심 특성인자들이 변하지 않는 평형노심(equilibrium cycle)까지 계산을 수행하여 이때의 계산결과를 핵연료 주기비 계산에 사용하였다. 또한 평준화 핵연료 주기비(levelized fuel cycle cost) 계산에 있어 중요한 인자인 할인율(discount rate)에 대해서 국내뿐만 아니라 다른 나라의 실정에도 적용 가능하도록 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 평준화 핵연료 주기비(levelized fuel cycle cost) 평가 결과 할인율(discount rate)이 낮은 경우 신연료 다발수는 줄이고 대신 핵연료 농축도를 높이는 조합을 통해 특정 주기길이를 만족시키는 방법이 경제적인 것으로 나타났다. 반면 할인율(discount rate)이 높은 경우는 핵연료 농축도는 낮추고 신연료 다발수를 늘리는 조합을 통해 특정 주기길이를 만족시키는 방법이 경제적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2016

본 연구는 최근 정부의 에너지신산업 정책 중 하나인 발전소 온배수열 활용사업의 경제성을 분석하고, 동 사업의 활성화를 위한 정부의 경제적 유인 제도를 재구성하였다. LCOE 산출방법을 이용하여 발전소 온배수열 시스템의 경제성을 분석한 결과 현 수준에서는 기름보일러, 바이오매스, 발전소 보조증기보다 LCOE값이 높지만 지열 시스템과는 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 온배수열 시스템의 LCOE 구성요인의 민감도를 측정한 결과, 열공급 거리에 가장 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 온배수열 활용사업을 확대시키기 위한 정부의 경제적 유인제도 구성 시 REC 가중치를 열공급 거리별로 차등 적용하는 것이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.281-286
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• 2008

Current feed-in tariffs(FIT) of Electricity generating from new and renewable energy sources are reappraised with the corrected formula of levelized generation cost(LGC) of utility power. The LGC of new and renewable electricity should be formulated in explicitly reflecting the capital cost and corporate tax during the economic life cycle based on its realistic application data. An applicable term of the FITs should, especially, be equal to the economic life cycle. The revised FITs issued in 2006 were, however, derived from the incorrect formula described in the study of KERI(Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute), and consequently misestimated. The reappraisal values for FIT of new and renewable electricity were shown and interpreted in this paper. An FIT of PV more than 30 kW, for example, should be 972.86 won/kWh instead of current 677.38 won/kWh increasing 43.6%. An upward revision of other FITs for new and renewable electricities should also be required in the range of 8.6% to 47.3%.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.1244-1249
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• 2023

Recently, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) announced the development of first-of-a-kind(FOAK) and most advanced futuristic vertical city and named as 'The LINE'. The project will have zero carbon dioxide emissions and will be powered by clean energy sources. Therefore, a study was designed to understand which clean energy sources might be a better choice. Because of its nearly carbon-free footprint, nuclear energy may be a good choice. Nowadays, the development of very small modular reactors (vSMRs) is gaining attention due to many salient features such as cost efficiency and zero carbon emissions. These reactors are one step down to actual small modular reactors (SMRs) in terms of power and size. SMRs typically have a power range of 20 MWe to 300 MWe, while vSMRs have a power range of 1-20 MWe. Therefore, a study was conducted to discuss different vSMRs in terms of design, technology types, safety features, capabilities, potential, and economics. After conducting the comparative test and analysis, the fuel cycle modeling of optimal and suitable reactor was calculated. Furthermore, the levelized unit cost of electricity for each reactor was compared to determine the most suitable vSMR, which is then compared other generation SMRs to evaluate the cost variations per MWe in terms of size and operation. The main objective of the research was to identify the most cost effective and simple vSMR that can be easily installed and deployed.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.643-659
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• 2022

For the economic analysis of fuel cells, levelized cost of electricity was calculated according to the type, capacity, and annual production of the fuel cells. The cost of every component was calculated through the system component breakdown. The direct cost of the system included stack cost, component cost, assembly, test, and conditioning cost, and profit markup cost were added. The effect of capacity and annual production was analyzed by fuel cell type. Sensitivity analysis was performed according to stack life, capital cost, project period, and fuel cost. As a result, it was derived how much the economic efficiency of the fuel cell improves as the capacity increases and the annual production increases.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.109.1-109.1
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• 2011

KEPCO was operating power plants with diesel generators in 49 islands including Baekryeong-Do, and the generation capacity was about 66 MW in 2008. The cost of fuel is increasing by the international oil price inflation and continuous rise of oil price is predicted. For the stabilizing of electric power supply to the separate islands, renewable energy and fuel cell systems were considered. Hydrogen is made using renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy, and then a fuel cell system generates electricity with the stored hydrogen. Though the system efficiency is low, it is treated as the only way to secure the stable electric supply using renewable energy at this present. The analytic hierarchy process was used to select suitable candidate island for the system installation and 5 islands including Ulleung-Do were selected. Economic evaluation for the system composed of a kerosene generator, a wind power, an electrolysis, and a fuel cell system was conducted with levelized generation cost based on present value methode. As the result, the necessity of renewable energy combined generation system and micro grid composition in the candidated islands was confirmed. Henceforth, the development of an integration technology which connects micro grid to the total power grid will be needed.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2020

A study on estimation of the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) was conducted for the Korean onshore wind farms. The LCOE was estimated on the basis of the actual wind farm data from Data Analysis, Retrieval Transfer system (DART) run by Financial Supervisory Service. Recently, social discount rate of Korea dropped from 5.5% to 4.5%, which was taken into account for this study. The onshore wind farms studied accounted for 42% of all the onshore wind farms of South Korea. Capital Expenditure (CapEx) and Operation Expenditure (OpEx) were calculated from the actual data, while Capacity Factors (CFs) were obtained from the wind farms of five provinces. Their distributions were estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation method, and then Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) was performed for estimating LCOE, Levelized Fixed Cost (LFC), and Levelized Variable Cost (LVC). As a result, the LCOEs at the two discount rates, 4.5 and 5.5%, were 142 and 152 $/MWh, respectively, which were lower than that of financially viable onshore wind project of Korea. The 1% drop of social discount rate was estimated to result in a 10 $/MWh decrease in LCOE and a 4 $/MWh in LFC, which can be an advantage for wind project investors.

• 원자력산업
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.38-57
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• 2017

이 보고서는 2019년, 2022년, 그리고 2040년에 가동에 들어가는 신규 발전원들의 균등화 발전 비용과 균등화 회피 비용의 평균값이 얼마나 되는지를 보여주는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이 보고서에 나온 자료는 Annual Energy Outlook 2017(AEO2017)를 작성하는 데 이용된 National Energy Modeling System(NEMS)에 있는 것들이다. 세 가지의 시나리오 중에서 2022년 가동에 들어가는 경우에 대해서만 본문에서 다루었고, 나머지 2019년과 2040년 가동에 들어가는 경우에 대해서는 각각 부록 A와 B에서 다루었다. 계산은 NEMS의 전력시장 모듈(EMM)에 들어 있는 미국의 22개 지역에 건설되는 발전 설비들을 대상으로 하고 있다. 이 보고서는 그 22개 지역 발전 설비들의 평균 균등화 발전 비용, 설비 용량을 고려한 가중 평균 비용, 지역 간 비용 편차, 그리고 균등화 회피 비용과 균등화 발전 비용의 차이 등을 계산하여 제시하고 있다.