• Title/Summary/Keyword: Level of physical strength

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Effects of the Visual Analog Scale and Knee Function Index on the Muscle Strength and Muscle Endurance of the Knees of Male National Field-Hockey Athletes (국가대표 남자 필드하키 선수들의 무릎의 시각적 상사 척도와 무릎 기능평가가 무릎의 근력 및 근지구력에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hyun-Chul;Park, Ki-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.103-109
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    • 2021
  • PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and knee function index on the knee strength and endurance in the national male field-hockey athletes. METHODS: Twenty-four male field-hockey athletes with a painful knee who trained at the national training center in 2019 were enrolled. The VAS and knee function index questionnaire were used to evaluate the degree of pain and functional state of the knee. The muscle strength and endurance of the knee were measured by Biodex (System 4, USA). The Pearson product moment correlation was performed to examine the effects of the VAS and knee function index the of knee on the strength and endurance. In addition, the VAS and knee function index and muscle strength and muscle endurance were examined to determine the relationship using Simple Linear Regression. The statistical significance level was α=.05. RESULTS: An analysis of the correlation between VAS and knee function index and muscle strength and muscle endurance revealed the VAS and knee function index to be statistically significant (r = .700). In addition, the extensor muscle strength, knee VAS (r = -.457), and knee function index (r = -.414) were also statistically significant. A 1-point increase in the VAS and knee function index was associated with an approximately 9.881 and 1.006 extensor muscle strength. CONCLUSION: The VAS and knee function index of field-hockey athletes are related to the strength of the knee extensors. Therefore, field-hockey athletes should develop a program to strengthen the extensor muscle strength of the knee.

The Relationship between Physical Activity Participation, Physical Fitness Level, and Academic Performance in ROTC

  • Jekal, Yoonsuk;Kang, Sang-Min
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.568-579
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity participation habits, physical fitness level, and academic performance among the Reserve Military Training Corps (ROTC). Participants in the current study were 71 ROTCs from J University. Physical activity participation was investigated using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and the level of physical fitness was measured by health-related physical fitness evaluation. For academic performance, university grade data (GPA) was approved by the head of the relevant school district, and the data were collected with the consent of the participants, and each data was analyzed. The correlation between physical activity participation habits, physical fitness level, and GPA was analyzed, and GPA by physical fitness level were compared. This study found that there was no statistically significant correlation between physical activity participation and academic performance. Otherwise, there was a statistically significant correlation between major subjects and total physical fitness score, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. By the level of physical fitness, the ROTCs in the high-physical fitness group showed statistically significantly higher academic performance than the ROTCs in the low-physical fitness group. In addition, low level of physical fitness ROTC group was lower than the other. In conclusion, ROTCs with a high physical fitness level had a positive effect on improving learning ability compared to those who did not. By recommending an autonomous but systematic exercise training program, it is suggested to improve the physical strength of ROTCs and to cultivate excellent future military officers.

Physical Properties of Different Automixing Resin Cements and the Shear Bond Strength on Dentin (수종 Automixing 레진시멘트의 물성과 상아질에 대한 전단결합강도)

  • Song, Chang-Kyu;Park, Se-Hee;Kim, Jin-Woo;Cho, Kyung-Mo
    • Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.437-444
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of different automixing resin cements and the shear bond strength on dentin. For this study, two self-adhesive automixing resin cement(Rely-X Unicem(3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA), Embrace resin cement(Pulpdent, Oakland, USA)) and one chemical polymerizing resin cement(Resiment Ready-Mix(J.L.Blosser Inc., Liberty Missouri, USA)) were used. To evaluate the physical properties, compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and flexural strength were measured. The specimens were fabricated using Teflon mould according to manufacturers' instructions and stored for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 100% humidity. To evaluate the shear bond strength on dentin, each cements were adhered to buccal dentinal surface of extracted human lower molars in 2mm diameter. Physical properties and shear bond strengths were measured using universal testing machine(Z010, Zwick GmbH, Ulm, Germany) at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. The physical properties and shear bond strength of different automixing resin cements were statistically analyzed and compared between groups using One-way ANOVA test and Schffe post-hoc test at the 95% level of confidence. The result shows that chemical polymerizing automixing resin cement represents the relatively higher physical properties and shear bond strength than self-adhesive automixing resin cements.

Comparative Analysis of Body Composition and Basic Physical Strength between Model Majored Female College Students and General Female College Students (모델전공 여대생과 일반 여대생의 신체조성 및 기초체력 비교분석)

  • Kim, Won-Hyun;Kim, Seung-Suk
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.12 no.10
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    • pp.597-604
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    • 2014
  • This research aimed at comparative analysis of body composition and basic physical strength of model majored female college students and general female college students. The research object was composed of 15 model majored female college students of D University, who learned the purpose of this research enough and wrote the consent form of voluntary participation and 15 general female college students, who have no medical history and currently no special disease, and no experience in regular exercise. They underwent body composition inspection, left right grasping power which is the basic physical strength, back muscle strength, flexibility, rapidity, muscle endurance, and the researcher performed descriptive statistics to calculate the average standard deviation, and analyzed to verify difference between groups by using independent t-test. With statistical significance level p<.05, the results are as follows. model majored female college students and general female college students showed meaningful difference between groups in weight, skeletal muscles, body fat volume, BMI and left right grasping power, back muscle strength, rapidity(p<.05). between groups in flexibility and muscle endurance(p>.05).

Measurement of Ultrasonic Speed for Evaluating Compressive Strength of Solidified Low & Intermediate-Level Radioactive Wastes (중·저준위 방사성폐기물 고화체의 압축강도 평가를 위한 초음파속도 측정)

  • Moon, Gyoon Young;Lee, Tae Hun;Moon, Yong Sig
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.26-30
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    • 2011
  • In order to ship low & Intermediate level radioactive waste drums, which have been temporarily stored on site, to a disposal facility, their physical and chemical properties should be evaluated and proven to meet the acceptance guideline prior to their shipment. Ultrasonic velocity method, which has been used to estimate the strength of concrete, can be suggested to evaluate the compressive strength of solidified radioactive waste, which is one of the evaluated properties. The strength is estimated from acoustic velocity. However, a guided wave traveling along a drum is generated when applying ultrasonic method to the drum, and this makes it difficult to analyze the signal due to overlap between transmitted wave through the contents in drum and the guided wave. This paper reported feasibility of ultrasonic method to evaluate of the compressive strength of the solidified LLW. It is observed that the guide wave is greater than transmitted wave, and ultrasonic velocity could be estimated from transmitted wave signal arriving prior to the guided wave

The Effect of Kinesio Taping on the Change of Muscle Strength and Endurance in Trunk Flexion and Extension in Chronic Low Back Pain(CLBP) (만성요통 환자의 테이핑 적용 시체간의 굴곡과 선전의 근력과 지구력의 변화 측정)

  • Kim, Su-Hyung
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.40-48
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    • 2005
  • In this study, the muscle strength and endurance of the lumbar at flexion and extension were determined using an isokinetic muscle strength meter (Biodex) in patients with chronic lumbar go (10 male and 10 females), and the changes in muscle strength and endurance of the lumbar at flexion and extension after application of Y-shaped sacrospinalis muscle taping, typically used for patient with lumbar go, were studied. In addition, the sacrospinalis muscle taping of a different shape (I-shaped taping) was applied bilaterally centering on the spine, and the muscle strength and endurance of the lumbar at flexion and extension were determined and compared with those before taping. In addition, the results after application of Y-shaped taping and I-shaped taping were also compared. 1. The extensor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and after application of Y-shaped taping showed the level of significance (p<.05). The flexor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio taping and after application of Y-shaped taping did not show the level of significance. 2. The flexor muscle endurance of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and application of Y-shaped taping did not show the level of significance. The extensor muscle endurance of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and after application of Y-shaped taping did not show the level of significance. 3. The extensor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and after application of I-shaped taping showed the level of significance (p<.05). The flexor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and after application of I-shaped taping showed the level of significance (p<.05). 4. The flexor muscle endurance of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio taping and after application of I-shaped taping showed the level of significance. The extensor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec before application of kinesio Taping and after application of I-shaped taping showed the level of significance (p<.05). 5. In comparison between after application of Y-shaped taping and after application of I-shaped taping, the flexor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/sec did not show the level of significance. In comparison between after application of Y-shaped taping and after application of I-shaped taping, the extensor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $60^{\circ}$/ sec showed the level of significance (p<.05). 6. In comparison between after application of Y-shaped taping and after application of I-shaped taping, the flexor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec did not show the level of significance. In comparison between after application of Y-shaped taping and after application of I-shaped taping, the extensor muscle strength of the lumbar at loading of $90^{\circ}$/sec did not showed the level of significance (p<.05).

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The Effects of Exercise Education Programs in Mentally-Handicapped Children (정신지체아의 운동교육 Program 적용효과)

  • Kim Sang-Su;Cheon Jae-Kyun
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.23-35
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    • 1994
  • In this research, the mentally-handicapped children being able to be trained were investigated the actual condition of train function making 40 mentally-handicapped children in Kummi Hyedang Spacial Education School, to exmine the effect of physical exercise function when training the mentally-handicapped children who can be trained as applying exercise education programs, and trains for 10 weeks by assigning to both experiment group and control group according to children who are similar to training functions from pre-examination. The results are in following: First, the results of test in the exercise ability of mentally-handicapped children with the degree of being able to trained are very delayed in comparison with normal mental children through the both top and bottom examination. The developments of 5 exercise functions classified by domain, have the order of eyesight exercise, softness, physical strength, quickness, parallelism, the interaction of both eye and hand, and, have the exercise function being equal to the level of between 6 and 12 years old. In 13 bottom test, throwing bean-bag is equal to the nomal 12 years old boy. the board jump, sitting position / bending forward / closing are equal to the level of 12 years old boy. standing with only leg is the level of 9 years old, threading pearls is 7 years old, transfering the wood building, picking the upper body up, walking board, balancing one leg with opened, eye, fist / opening palm / palm, bending and opening arm with postrating on chair, are the exercise functions of below 6 years old. Second, there are great effects in carrying out the exercise education program to the mentally-handicapped children with the level of being able to trained. In experiment group, it is elevated to the middle level of 12 years old nomal children. Classified by domain of test the board jump, training, the bean-bag are far higher level than 12 years old normal children, and are elevated the level of 11 years old boy. Balancing only leg with closed eye is below the level of 10 years old boys, fist / opening palm / palm are the level of 9 years old boys. There and back running, picking the upper body is the level of 9 years old girls. Walking board is the level of 8 years old boys. Bending and opening arm with postrating on chair is the level of 7 rears old boy. Balancing one leg with opened eye is elevated to the level of f years old girls. These functions have the more balanced exercise function rather than pre-examination. In control group, they have little change by classified the bottom test, but have the exercise function on the time of pre-examination, go backward in physical strength. quickness. Third, the exercise function being learned by exercise education program on the mentally-handicapped children of the level with being able to train is appeared to maintain continuately. Softness, physical strength, quickness, eyesight training are maintained the learned exercise function, the interaction of both eye and hands, parallelism are delayed a little. Classified by the bottom test. threading pearls, transfering the wood building, throwing the bean-bag, sitting position / rolling forward / reaching, the broad jump and picking upper body up, there and bark running, picking upper body up, balancing with only leg as opened eye, bending and opening arm with postrating on chair, etc. are maintained. Fist / opening palm / palm, balancing with only leg as opened eye are delayed a little. The change of body position is elevated. Seeing these results, it is appeared to the mentally-handicapped children that the exercise education programs, which is suitable their actual condition and acomplishes in voluntary participation, have very positive effect. So, to develop the function of body exercise in mentally-handicapped children with the level of being to able to be trained, the measures must be groped so that the exercise education programs can be practiced positively, and the ,body exercise can be experienced more.

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Evaluation of the Performance and Formaldehyde Emission Level of Particleboards Bonded with Urea-Formaldehyde Resins (요소수지로 접착된 파티클보드의 포름알데히드 방산량과 성능평가)

  • Oh, Yong-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 1998
  • Four urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins were synthesized as a particleboard (PB) binder with the four different initial formaldehyde/urea mole ratio and the final mole ratio of 1.15. The UF resins were characterized according to the standard method of resin adhesive analysis. PBs were manufactured using liquid UF resins at 5 minutes press time and 6% resin solids levels on an ovendry particle weight basis. A total of 20 PBs was fabricated for 5 panel replication per UF resin types. The panels were tested for physical strength properties per the procedure ASTM D 1037. The formaldehyde emission levels from the PBs bonded with the UF resins were tested according to 2-hour desiccator test method ASTM D 5582. There were no significant differences among UF resin types for internal bond strength of PBs. But there were significant differences among UF resin types for formaldehyde emission level of PBs. The results showed that the formaldehyde emission level was influenced by the UF resin types without reducing the adhesive performance.

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Effect of Bacterial Cellulose Addition on the Property of Chemithermomechanical Pulp Sheet (박테리아 셀룰로오스의 첨가가 화학열기계펄프의 종이물성에 미치는 영향)

  • 조남석;최태호;서원성
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.42-48
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    • 1998
  • The bacterial cellulose(BC) has many unique properties that are potentially and commercially beneficial. In order to enhance inherently inferior physical property of chemithermomechanical pulp(CTMP) sheet, chemical pulp has been used widely. Bacterial cellulose also has an enhanced sheet strength because of its unique physical and morphological features. This study was carried out to inverstigate the effect of BC addition on physical properties of CTMP sheets. The effect of BC addition on its optical properties was also discussed. The apparent density, internal bond strength, Young's modulus, tensile strength and folding endurance of CTMP sheet are increasing with increase of BC contents. This strength increase would be attributed to the increase of relative bonding sites among pulp fibers by addition of BC which has microfibrillar structure with very high specific surface areas. There were not so significant changes in opacity of CTMP sheet upto 20% addition level of BC, while over 40% addition, the opacity gradually decreased and levelled off. Porosity is decreased with addition of BC. This decrease would be attributed to densification of sheet by fine and filamentous structure of BC fibers.

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Kinematic Analysis for Improving the Starting Technique in 500-m Speed Skating

  • Song, Joo-Ho;Seo, Tae-Beom;Kim, Jin-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.151-158
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    • 2018
  • Objective: In this study, we analyzed kinematic changes in the start phase of speed skating before and after physical training. Method: We introduced a new strength training program (2017) that was improved in terms of exercise type and intensity [%, one repetition maximum (1RM)] compared with the previous strength training program (2016). The new program was applied to elite speed skating athletes (four males and four females). To determine the improvement in starting technique, we recorded race images during the start phase of the 500-m race held in 2016 and 2017. The race images were collected using five high-speed cameras and kinematic characteristics of the start phase were analyzed by three-dimensional image analysis. Results: The 1RMs were improved by 11% on an average after the strength training. In 2017, records of four out of the eight athletes were shortened in terms of the initial lap time (100 m), and 500-m records were shortened in six athletes. The time to nine strokes was shortened in five athletes, and the ratio of correct kinetic chain was increased or maintained at a high level in six athletes. Conclusion: In this study, the new strength training program (2017), applied to elite speed skating athletes, showed a positive effect on starting technique and reduced the record times.