• Plant Resources
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2005

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is known to contain water-soluble substances that improve antioxidant status due to the richness in antioxidants. Greenhouse experiment was carried out under different shading conditions during spring lettuce growing season. Shade significantly reduced shoot weight, number of leaves and chlorophyll content, while it increased shoot length of lettuce plants. The antioxidant potential of the individual fraction was in order of n-butanol > ethyl acetate > water > n-hexane fraction, although was less than that of commonly used antioxidants, BHT and ascorbic acid. Fractions from lettuce plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity, in vitro test. By means of HPLC analysis, BuOH fraction of cultivar 'Hwahyang' (57.93 mg $100g^{-1}$) had the highest amount of antioxidant chi orogenic acid. Shading treatment increased average amount of chlorogenic acid of all cultivars in BuoH, EtOAc, hexane and water fractions by 33, 120, 144, and $58\%$, respectively. These results suggest that lettuce plants had potent antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on cultivar and fraction.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.538-546
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• 2018

Inflorescence, stem, and leaf samples of lettuce grown in a greenhouse in spring and autumn seasons were assayed for sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) content by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations of SLs were significantly higher in the inflorescences followed by upper leaf and stem compared to the other plant parts in most of the samples. SLs content (sum of lactucin and lactucopicrin) in various tissues of lettuce cultivated in spring season varied from 5.7 to 22.5 fold ranging from $27.4{\mu}g/g$ dry weight (DW) in the upper stem (cultivar "PI 176588") as the lowest to as high as $2,292.0{\mu}g/g$ DW in the inflorescence (cultivar "709849-1"). During autumn cultivation, the concentration of SLs varied from 2.0 to 14.4 fold ranging from as low of $32.4{\mu}g/g$ DW in the lower stem (cultivar "PI176588") to as high of $838.0{\mu}g/g$ DW in the upper leaf (cultivar "Dambaesangchu"). Higher lactucin (1.2 to 5.6 fold) and lactucopicrin (1.1 to 3.9 fold) concentration was observed during spring compared to autumn cultivation in most of the samples. SLs content in various organs of lettuce increases from the basal plant part going upwards. As lactucin and lactucopicrin are the major SLs which affects the sensory property of lettuce, their quantitative variation in the lettuce cultivars is useful for breeding new varieties with better consumer acceptance.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

경기도내 주요 상추 시설재배지에서의 Fusarium 시들음병 발생을 2006년과 2007년에 걸쳐 조사한 결과 3월부터 11월까지 발생하였으며, 특히 여름철에 발병주율이 크게 증가하였다. 발병된 상추는 잎이 황화되고 포기 전체가 위축되는 증상을 보였고, 줄기 부위에 뚜렷한 도관부 갈변 증상이 관찰되었다. 시들음증상을 나타내는 상추 줄기에서 Fusarium균을 분리하였고, 균학적 특징을 분석했을 때 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae로 동정되었다. 분리된 F. oxysporum을 토양에 접종한 결과 뿌리를 통해 쉽게 균사가 침입하였고, 점차 도관부를 통해 전체 줄기로 진전되었으며, 뿌리 주변에서 후막포자를 형성하였다. 병 발생이 높은 하우스의 토양 내 Fusarium균의 밀도는 건전 또는 병 발생이 낮은 토양보다 밀도가 높고, 병 발생을 일으키는 최소 병원균 밀도는 $10^3$cfu/g 이상으로 추정하였다. 병원균에 대하여 '선풍'과 '미풍포찹' 품종이 가장 감수성이었고, '미홍적축면'과 '진자축면'이 중도저항성 이었으며, 발병은 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 더 빨리 진전되었다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 1999

An efficient regeneration system was established by using in vitro plantlets of germinated seedlings from different cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Chongchima, Chongchuckmyun, Jeokchima, Jeokchuckmyun). Shoot formation were observed from all cultivars on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BA. In all cultivars, when cotyledon was cultured, the number of shoot per explant was more greater than that hypocotyl and leaf disc were cultured. Shoot formation rate (91.7%) was high in a cotyledon culture of cultivar, Chongchukmyun. The growth of multiple shoots derived from the cultivar, Chongchukmyun, was most effective on medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L GA$_3$. When shoots were transferred on MS medium without plant growth regulators, roots were effectively differentiated. Rooted plantlets were acclimated on pots for further propagation.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

RAPD, Inter-SSR, and AFLP markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of lettuce cultivars and the phylogenetic relationships in Lactuca spp. A total of 216 polymorphic bands from seven RAPD primers, four Inter-SSR primers, and five AFLP primer combinations were used to elucidate the genetic similarity among lettuce cultivars. Forty-four lettuce accessions were subdivided into discrete branches according to plant type: crisphead, butterhead, and stem type, with some exceptions. The leafy- and cos-type accessions were intermingled in other groups with no discrete branch indicating that these are more diverse than others. Three accessions, including the Korean cultivar 'Cheongchima', the Korean local landrace 'Jinjam', and the German cultivar 'Lolla Rossa' were classified as the most diverse accessions. Twenty bands were unique in specific cultivars. Among these, three were specific in a plant type; one in Korean leafy type, one in crisphead type, and one in cos type lettuce. In the phylogenetic analysis among Lactuca species, L. saligna, L. serriola, and L. georgica clustered in a sister branch of the L. sativa complex. Two L. virosa accessions show the highest intra-specific relationships. L. perennis outlied from all the other Lactuca species at a genetic similarity of 0.53 and clustered with two Cichorium species, C. intybus and C. endivia, with genetic similarity of 0.67. The phylogenetic tree was supported by data from polymorphism of chloroplast genome which was revealed by PCR-RFLP.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2013

본 연구는 완전제어형 식물 생산 시스템에서 적색광, 녹색광 및 청색광 비율에 따른 상추의 생육 반응과 광사용효율을 알아보고자 수행되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 상추 품종은 여름청축면상추와 홍염적축면상추였다. 완전제어형 식물공장에서 LED 조명과 12시간 일장으로 박막수경 재배하였다. 재배 온도, 상대습도와 이산화탄소는 각각 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, 60~70%와 $600{\sim}900{\mu}mol{\cdot}mol^{-1}$로 조절하였다. 광 처리는 세가지 LED(적색, 청색과 백색)로 청색광과 녹색광 및 적색광 비율은 1 : 4 : 5, 5 : 0 : 5, 5 : 2 : 3, 7 : 0 : 3, 7 : 1 : 2와 8 : 1 : 1로 처리하였으며, 다만 광량은 처리구마다 달랐다. 다른 광질 하에서 생육할 때, 두 품종의 상추의 생육 특성은 품종과 광질에 의해 유의적인 영향을 받았다. 청축면과 적축면상추의 초장은 각각 1 : 4 : 5과 8 : 1 : 1에서 가장 낮았다. 가장 큰 엽장과 엽수는 청축면상추에서 각각 8 : 1 : 1과 7 : 0 : 3이었으며, 적축면상추는 각각 5 : 2 : 3과 8 : 1 : 1이었다. 엽폭과 엽형지수는 품종과 광질에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 청축면과 적축면상추의 엽폭은 각각 8 : 1 : 1과 5 : 2 : 3에서 가장 길었다. 청축면과 적축면상추의 엽형지수는 1 : 4 : 5과 1 : 4 : 5에서 가장 높았다. 지상부 생체중과 광사용효율는 품종과 광질에 의해 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 청축면과 적축면상추의 지상부 생체중은 각각 7 : 0 : 3과 8 : 1 : 1에서 가장 무거웠다. 청축면과 적축면 상추의 광사용효율은 각각 7 : 0 : 3과 5 : 0 : 5에서 가장 높았다. 결론적으로, 완전제어형 식물 생산 시스템에서 상추 재배를 위한 적색광과 녹색광 및 청색광 비율은 5~7 : 0~2 : 1~3 비율이 적합하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.305-322
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of artificial light sources on the germination and seedling vigor of lettuce, aiming to identify the optimal artificial light source for producing high-quality seedlings. Lettuce cultivar of 'Tomalin' and 'Seonpunggold' exhibited the highest seed emergence in the Metal halide(MH) lamp and High-pressure sodium(HPS) lamp treatment group, while the emergence rate parameter, T50, was the fastest in the HPS lamp treatment group. Both cultivars showed good growth characteristics such as number of leaves, root length, and stem diameter under RGB-LED, and their seedling vigor was excellent as well. The plant height was smallest in the Red + Green + Blue LED treatment, but the leaves were round and thick, resulting in higher biomass and dry weight. Single light sources of Red LED and Blue LED led to reduced growth compared with that under the mixed light treatments. Chlorophyll content in lettuce varied with the type of artificial light, with both cultivars exhibiting the highest chlorophyll content in the Red + Green + Blue LED treatment. The most suitable artificial light for lettuce seedling growth was the Red + Green + Blue LED treatment.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2010

남극 등 불량환경 하에서 에너지를 절감하면서 신선 채소를 생산할 수 있는 컨테이너 식물공장을 설계하여 개발하였다. 20피트 컨테이너($L5.9m{\times}W2.4m{\times}H2.4m$)에 공간 활용을 최대화하기 위해 3단 수경재배시스템을 설치하였고, 양액공급은 저면급수 방식으로 하였다. 수경재배에서의 광원종류(광강도)에 따른 3가지 상추품종의 생육을 비교하였다. 정식 2주 후 광원종류(광강도)에 따른 상추 3품종의 생육결과는 형광등 $145{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 처리구에서 지상부 생체중과 엽면적이 양호하였으나, 정식 4주 후에는 형광등 +메탈할라이드등 $150{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$에서 다른 광원시험구보다 생육이 양호하였다. 상추 품종간에는 '청치마상추'의 생체중이나 엽면적이 가장 많았으며, '적축면상추', '롤로로사' 순이었다. 엽록소 농도(SPAD)는 광원종류간에 큰 차이가 없었으며 '청치마상추'가 품종 특성에 맞게 다른 상추보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에서 인공광원을 이용한 식물공장에서 상추 재배시 광의 강도에 따라서 식물체 생육이 차이가 있었고, 상추의 품종에 따라 생육정도에 차이가 있었으며 이는 저광도의 식물공장 내에서 알맞은 품종을 선택하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2018

Purpose - Lettuce (Lactuca sativ L.) is one of the economically important vegetable crops, which worldwide market value is over 100 billion U.S. dollar. In Korea, about 89.7 kilo ton of lettuce was produced in 3400ha in 2016, recoded as No. 1 vegetable crop in domestic green house production. However, recently, domestic lettuce production and cultivation areas are all getting decreased. Thus, novel approaches are needed to be implemented to revive the production. Research design, data and methodology - In this review paper, we first prioritized the end-user traits which are imperative to positively stimulate the domestic lettuce market and discussed relevant genomics strategies. Especially, we assessed a possibility whether school meal program would be a potential niche market. Results - The genomics technologies, which become widely applied in the crop biotechnology since 2008 when next generation sequencing method was developed, may be a good solution in the crop improvement, efficiently gathering valuable information of agriculturally useful traits. Significantly, in lettuce, the high quality whole genome sequence, based on Lactuca sativa cv. Salinas, is publically available and this genomics platform, thus, would be implemented in lettuce breeding program to innovate relevant end-user traits both for the farmers and customers, including the disease resistance to the Fusarium wilt, productivity under hot weather conditions, various nutritional qualities and so forth. These improvements will boost domestic lettuce industries in the near future. Conclusions - Due to the nutritional distinctions comparing to the western style lettuces, domestic leaf lettuces could be one of the important vegetables in the school meal programs. To make it happen, we would better devise diverse recipes to make a salad with it, instead of only using as a wrap vegetable. Meanwhile, novel lettuce varieties need to be developed, which are favorable to the students and also easy to be handled with while processing. Overall, to achieve international competence in the lettuce industries, we need to create elite lettuce varieties that satisfies domestic farmers as well as customers, suitable to various niche markets, such as school meal program. Thus, efficient breeding programs using genomics approaches should be established in advance and careful monitoring on the preference of the related customers for a niche market be continued persistently.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 1991

잎상추(Lactuca sativa L.) 저장 중 재배적요인(품종 및 재배시기) 및 저장요인(저온 및 high-density polyethylene film 포장)이 저장수명 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 생체중량 감소, 외관품위, 황화, 클로로필 및 카로티노이드 함량, 비타민 C 및 nitrate 함량을 조사하였다. 생체중량 감소 및 외관품위의 열화는 포장처리에 의해, 그리고 $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$ 보다는 $0{\sim}1^{\circ}C$가 더 억제 되었다. 품종간 비교에서는 "적축면" 보다는 "청치마"에서, 그리고 재배시기별 비교에서는 가을재배 보다는 겨울재배에서 이들의 변화가 다소 지연되었다. 저장 중 잎상추의 황화현상은 카로티노이드 함량변화 보다는 주로 클로로필의 파괴 때문이었다. Vitamin C의 저장 전 함량은 "적축면" 보다는 "청치마"에서, 그리고 가을재배 보다는 겨울재배 시 많은 양을 함유하고 있었다. 저장 중 비타민 C는 저장 초기부터 전처리구에서 급격히 감소하였으나, $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$에 비해 $0{\sim}1^{\circ}C$에서 감소가 다소 지연되었다. Nitrate의 경우는 저장 전 함량은 "적축면"은 3812.6 ppm을 함유하고 있었고, "청치마"는 2856.6 ppm을 함유하고 있었다. 저장 중 nitrate 함량변화는 $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$에 비해 $0{\sim}1^{\circ}C$에서 다소 억제되었다.