• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2016

Objectives : This study investigated the health care utilization patterns of workers' compensation insurance(WCI) pneumoconiosis patients with excessively long hospital stays. Methods : The discharge summary data of 3,094 WCI pneumoconiosis patients were analyzed. The study sample was divided into 3 groups based on the length of stay(LOS). Health care utilization patterns were compared among the groups with logistic regression analysis, and the LOS determinants were identified with linear regression analysis. Results : The average LOS of the 222 long stay group patients was 1,448 days. Patients in this group tended to use private general hospitals, were admitted through the emergency room and discharged without the consent of a doctor. Conclusions : Many of the long LOS patients will maintain their inpatient status for the rest of their lives. For quality of life and efficient use of health care resources, policy makers need to establish a policy that enables patients to receive outpatient care in appropriate living conditions outside the hospital.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.285-290
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• 2010

We investigate the outage probability in terms of QoS (quality of service) in indoor PLC network. We consider various kinds of appliances for realistic indoor PLC network. For estimation of the outage probability, we calculate the time-varying channel responses considering the loading conditions based on regular human activities and include the additive noise. We calculate the outage probability for each terminal and investigate relationship between the outage probability and the channel length, and transmit powers. Our results suggest that the outage probability is increased when the channel length becomes longer because more appliances affect the amount of reduced channel capacity and is not improved distinctly for very high and low outage threshold by increasing the transmit power. However, we can see outage probability improvement for 30% outage threshold case by increasing the transmit power.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2017

Objectives : This study analyzed the differences in length of stay(LoS), total hospital charges(THC), and cost of rehabilitation(CoR) between two types of stroke patients, intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) and cerebral infarction(CI). Factors associated with these differences were also assessed. Methods : Data were obtained from the 2011 National Inpatient Sample data of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. We used propensity score matching to match the characteristics of the two types of stroke patients, and conducted a regression analysis to analyze their associations. Results : The differences between THC, LoS, and CoR by stroke and hospital types were shown. Each type of hospital showed different results. Conclusions : A rapidly aging population will accelerate the number of stroke patients requiring effective management. Studies evaluating healthcare utilization of stroke patients will provide evidence for both healthcare resources allocation and healthcare policy decisions.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.135-144
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology to estimate level of service of arterial including Exclusive Median Bus Lanes. METHODS : On 6 Exclusive Median Bus Lanes routes in Seoul, bus travel time and number of bus-stop per km were investigated. Also whether or not passing lane exists at bus-stop was checked. Based on the data from sites, bus travel time was estimated according to length of segment, number of bus-stop per km and whether or not passing lane exists at bus-stop. RESULTS : A bus travel time table was developed according to length of segment, number of bus-stop per km and whether or not passing lane exists at bus-stop. After bus travel speed and passenger car travel speed is estimated based on each travel time table and length of segment, two speeds are combined with weighted average speed using traffic volume of each lane group. Then weighted average speed is a measure of effectiveness of arterial including Exclusive Median Bus Lanes. CONCLUSIONS : It can be concluded that the proposed methodology can estimate level of service of arterial including Exclusive Median Bus Lanes considering the operation characteristics of Exclusive Median Bus Lanes.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.70 no.6
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• pp.751-763
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• 2019

Steel-concrete composition is widely used in the construction due to efficient utilization of materials. The service load behavior of composite structures is significantly affected by cracking, creep and shrinkage effects in concrete. In order to control these effects in concrete slab, an efficient and novel strategy has been proposed by use of fiber reinforced concrete near interior supports of a continuous beam. Numerical study is carried out for the control of cracking, creep and shrinkage effects in composite beams subjected to service load. A five span continuous composite beam has been analyzed for different lengths of fiber reinforced concrete near the interior supports. For this purpose, the hybrid analytical-numerical procedure, developed by the authors, for service load analysis of composite structures has been further improved and generalized to make it applicable for composite beams having spans with different material properties along the length. It is shown that by providing fiber reinforced concrete even in small length near the supports; there can be a significant reduction in cracking as well as in deflections. It is also observed that the benefits achieved by providing fiber reinforced concrete over entire span are not significantly more as compared to the use of fiber reinforced concrete in certain length of beam near the interior supports in continuous composite beams.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.59-64
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• 2009

This study was conducted in order to investigate prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) for farmers. The study was based on self-reporting questionnaire. The MSDs prevalence was ascertained by using three criteria, which are known as NIOSH criteria 1, 2 and 3. The results showed that the prevalences of MSDs in at least one body site by criteria 1, 2 and 3 were 96.4%, 66.7% and 26.2%, respectively. The MSDs prevalences for the shoulder by criterion 1 was the highest, followed by the lower back, neck, while the rates for the hip, feet and fingers were relatively low. Farmers' age, types of corps, working hours/day, length of service and length of service in current corps were not significant on the MSDs prevalences, except that types of corps and length of service in current corps were significant on the MSDs prevalences by criterion 2(p

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.58-72
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• 2000

This study was an attempt to encourage the development of a rehabilitation delivery system and programs as a substitute service for hospitalization on the case of car accident patients, such as hospital based home health care nursing services. Various substitute services for hospitalization are required to curtail the length of stay for inpatients who were hospitalized with car accident compensation insurance. It focused on developing an estimation an early discharge day for car accident inpatients based on detailed statements of treatment for 111 inpatients who were hospitalized at the General Hospital in 1997. This study had four specific purposes as follows. First. to find out the utilization of medical services. Second, to estimate the time of early discharge and income increasing effect based on early discharge for those patients. Third, to identify the factors affecting total medical expenditure and the length of stay for those inpatients. Forth, to figure out the need of utilizing home health care nursing service for accident patients. In order to analyze the length of stay and medical expenditure for inpatients who were hospitalized due to car accidents, the authors conducted micro- and macro-analysis of medical and medical expenditure records. Micro-analysis was done by nominal group discussion of 4 expertise with the critical criteria, such as a decrease in the amount of treatment after surgery, treatments, tests, drugs and changes in the test consistency, drug methods, vital signs, start of ROM exercise, doctor's order, patient's outside visiting ability, and stable conditions. In addition to identifying variables affecting medical expenditure, and the length of stay and income effect due to early discharge day, the data was analyzed with a multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis model by SPSS-PC for windows and Excell program. Results of this study were as follows. First. the mean length of stay was 50.3 days. whereas the mean length of stay due to early discharge was 34.3 days at the hospital. The estimation of time of early discharge depended on the length of stay. The longer the length of stay, the longer the length of time of early discharge : for instance a length of stay under 10 days was estimated as correlating to a mean length of stay of 6.6 days and early discharge of 6.5. The mean length of stay was 217.4 days and the time of early discharge was 110.1 respectively. The mean medical expenditure per day was found to be 169.085 Won and the mean medical expenditure per day showed negative linear trends according to the length of stay at the hospital. The estimation results of the income effect due to being discharged 16 days early was around 2,244,000 won per bed. However. this sum does not represent the real benefits resulting from early discharge, but rather the income increasing amount without considering medical prime cost in the general hospital. Therefore, further analysis is required on the cost containments and benefits as turn over rate per bed as the medical prime costs. The length of stay was most significant and was positive to the total medical expenditure, as expected. Surgery and patient's residential area was also an important variable in explaining medical expenditure. The level of complications was the most significant variable in explaining the length of stay. There was a high level for need a home health care nursing service which further supports early discharge for accident patients. In addition, when the patient was discharged. they needed follow up care for complications suffered during the car accident. $86.8\%$ of discharged patients responded that they needed home health services after early discharge. From these research findings, the following suggestions have been drawn. Strategies on a health care delivery system must be developed in order to focus on the consumer's needs and being planned for 21 century health policy in Korea. Community based intermediate facilities or home health care should be developed for rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization in order to shorten the length of stay would be. A hospital based home health care nursing service. it would be available immediately to utilize by patients who want rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization with the cooperation of car insurance companies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.299-302
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• 2007

Neoheterobothrium hirame (N. hirame) is a large blood-feed gill-worm infecting the highly prized olive flounder. The present study was reported the occurrence and elimination of Neoheterobothrium infection from young cultured oliver flounder in the western coast of Korea. Flounder (weight 18-25 g, length 10-15 cm) were obtained from a cultured farm at Taean of Korea at May 2006. A lot of flounder died with serious anemia. We isolated N. hirame from the buccal cavity wall of dead flounder. Adult parasites were 5-15 mm in total length, with 4 pairs of clamps on the pedunculated haptor and isthmus region embedded in host tissue, while immature and sub-adults were identified the attachment to the gill filaments, rakers and arches with the clamps. All fish with infection were treated with 8% NaCl-supplemented seawater for 1 and 10 min at $22^{\circ}C$, respectively. The significant reduction in mortality (6.7%) was observed among fish treated with 8% salt water for 10 minutes, when compared with that of non-treatment group (100%).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.455-462
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of customer loyalty among guardians of residents in nursing homes. Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 229 guardians of residents in nursing homes. Data were collected with self-administrated questionnaires and analyzed hierarchical multiple regression. Results: All variables were positively correlated with customer loyalty except the length of stay. It was found that residents' length of stay, customer satisfaction and service value had significant influence on customer loyalty. The explained variance for customer loyalty was 71.3%. The service value had the greatest influence on customer loyalty. Conclusions: These findings provide strong empirical evidence for customer satisfaction and service value in explaining customer loyalty of guardian of residents in nursing homes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.88-88
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• 2017

The study was conducted to analyze the growth characteristics comparison per planting density on the waxy corn early-planting culture for the paddy field in the southern province of south Korea. The cultivation period of early-planting culture for the paddy farming of the waxy corn are sown on February 15, 2016years, transplanting March 15 and harvest June 20. And it grew 126 days. The weather change according to the cultivation period of unheated plastic house early-planting culture, it was average temperature $14.6^{\circ}C$ and humidity 62.5%. And the temperature was 5.6 degrees Celsius warmer compared with the outside temperature and the humidity was 0.7 percent higher tendency. At the growth per planting density of waxy corn, culm length was average 224cm, the more it is high density culture the more was high trend. Stem diameter and ear length the more it is high density culture the more was lowed trend. The node number of $60{\times}20Cm$ was 12 nodes, fruit seting 5.7 nodes, tasseling number 94 days and silking number 96 days. In the ear characteristics per planting density, the size of ear length, seed setting length, ear width and ear weight the more planting density is high the more lowed that trend. The commodity percentage of planting density $60{\times}35Cm$ was the highest among other treatment as 69.1%. But, marketable yield was the highest planting density of $60{\times}20Cm$ as 4,543 ears/10a, and appeared in order $60{\times}25Cm$ 95%> $60{\times}30Cm$ 93%> $60{\times}35Cm$ 92%. The planting density on the waxy corn early-planting culture for the paddy farming in the southern province, the planting density analyzed to be effective planting of over 25% than normal season culture.