• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.10-16
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• 1991

On the ground foundation works for Bldg site, Rock classification test can be obtained as follows due to the International Society for Rock Mechanics. 1. In-situ test : Compressive strength, Point load test. 2. In-situ test Schmidt hammer test. Burden test finaly the convinient co-relation table between strength and 5. H, test were carried out for site-engineer, This project is one of contineous works regarding to Burden test from Jack leg drill($\phi{\;}75mm$) use.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1821-1828
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• 2009

본 연구는 육상 투척선수들의 plometric training과 weight training 프로그램 훈련이 순발력 및 민첩성과 최대 근력의 운동능력 향상에 어떠한 영향을 가져오는지 검증하기 위하여 고등학교 재학 중인 투척선수 21명을 대상으로 plyometric training과 weight training을 10주간의 트레이닝을 실시하여 여자 집단(10명)과 남자 집단(11명)으로 분류하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 순발력에 있어서 제자리멀리뛰기, 서전트 점프, 30 m 달리기는 트레이닝 전에 비해 두 집단 모두 향상도를 보였으며, 여자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈다. 민첩성에 있어서 사이드스텝, 버피 스텝, 전신반응 테스트는 트레이닝 전에 비해 모두 향상도를 보였으며, 사이드스텝과 버피 스텝은 여자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈으며, 전신반응 테스트는 남자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈다. 하지 근력에 있어서 squat, leg press는 트레이닝 전에 비해 모두 향상도를 보였으며, 여자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈다. 무릎 관절 등속성 근력에 있어서 왼쪽, 오른쪽 신근력과 굴근력은 트레이닝 전에 비해 모두 향상도를 보였으며, 왼쪽 신근력은 남자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈으며, 왼쪽 굴근력, 오른쪽 신근력, 오른쪽 굴근력은 여자 집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈다. 상지의 근력에 있어서 Bench press, 배근력은 트레이닝전에 비해 모두 향상도를 보였으며, 여자집단이 더 높은 향상도를 나타냈다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.555-566
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the genetic parameters and accuracy of genomic predictions for twenty-four linear body conformation traits and overall conformation scores in Korean Holstein dairy cows. Methods: A dataset of 2,206 Korean Holsteins was collected, and genotyping was performed using the Illumina Bovine 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. The traits investigated included body traits (stature, height at front end, chest width, body depth, angularity, body condition score, and locomotion), rump traits (rump angle, rump width, and loin strength), feet and leg traits (rear leg set, rear leg rear view, foot angle, heel depth, and bone quality), udder traits (udder depth, udder texture, udder support, fore udder attachment, front teat placement, front teat length, rear udder height, rear udder width, and rear teat placement), and overall conformation score. Accuracy of genomic predictions was assessed using the single-trait animal model genomic best linear unbiased prediction method implemented in the ASReml-SA v4.2 software. Results: Heritability estimates ranged from 0.10 to 0.50 for body traits, 0.21 to 0.35 for rump traits, 0.13 to 0.29 for feet and leg traits, and 0.05 to 0.46 for udder traits. Rump traits exhibited the highest average heritability (0.29), while feet and leg traits had the lowest estimates (0.21). Accuracy of genomic predictions varied among the twenty-four linear body conformation traits, ranging from 0.26 to 0.49. The heritability and prediction accuracy of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) for the overall conformation score were 0.45 and 0.46, respectively. The GEBVs for body conformation traits in Korean Holstein cows had low accuracy, falling below the 50% threshold. Conclusion: The limited response to selection for body conformation traits in Korean Holsteins may be attributed to both the low heritability of these traits and the lower accuracy estimates for GEBVs. Further research is needed to enhance the accuracy of GEBVs and improve the selection response for these traits.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2020

Purpose: Unilateral strength training effects on contralateral sides have been demonstrated in previous studies for lower extremity exercise, upper extremity exercise, and unilateral surface electrical stimulation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of unilateral ankle training on muscle strength and the balance of contralateral lower extremity in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were randomized equally to a training or a control group. Those in the training group received unilateral ankle isokinetic strengthening training of the dominant leg (right side) for 4 weeks. Contralateral single-limb balance, including Anterio-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) and Overall Stability Index (OSI), was assessed before and after intervention. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-test data revealed significant improvements in ipsi- and contralateral ankle strengths, and significant improvement in contralateral single limb balance. Conclusion: These results have practical implications because they demonstrate that unilateral ankle isokinetic exercise improves ankle muscle strength and balance ability of contralateral lower extremity.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1092-1097
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• 2003

S-N fatigue tests were conducted to investigate the fatigue strength of small diameter socket and butt welded joints made of carbon steels. Experimental parameters were pipe diameter, throat depth, shape of socket welds and welding procedure. Filler metals used in SMAW and GTAW procedure were E9016-G with diameter of 4.0 mm and ER70S-G with diameter of 2.4 mm. API 5L Gr.B pipes were adopted as a small diameter branch pipes. All socket fittings were machined from ASTM A105 carbon steel. Tensile strength was not affected by the welding procedure. Fatigue strength in socket weld joints increased with increasing pipe diameter, area of weld metal and weld leg length of pipe side.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2004

S-N fatigue tests were conducted to investigate the fatigue strength of small diameter socket and butt welded joints made of carbon steels. Experimental parameters were pipe diameter, throat depth, shape of socket welds and welding procedure. Filler metals used in SMAW and GTAW procedure were E9016-G with diameter of 4.0 m and ER70S-G with diameter of 2.4 m. API 5L Gr.B pipes were adopted as a small diameter branch pipes. All socket fittings were machined from ASTM A105 carbon steel. Tensile strength was not affected by the welding procedure. Fatigue strength in socket weld joints increased with increasing pipe diameter, area of weld metal and weld leg length of pipe side.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.2878-2885
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 MR유체를 특징으로 하는 하지 재활운동 기구를 제안하고, 재활운동 기구에 적용하기 위한 소형 MR 유체 브레이크를 설계, 제작하여 성능을 평가하였다. MR유체 브레이크의 저항 특성은 MR유체에 부하되는 자기장의 변화에 의해 제어된다. 공간 제한을 고려하여 자기장 세기와 관련된 설계변수는 유한요소 프로그램인 ANSYS Workbench를 사용하여 최대 토오크가 발생할 수 있도록 결정하였다. 제안된 MR유체 브레이크를 제작하고, 자기장에 따른 토오크의 변화를 실험적으로 평가하였다. 전류를 공급하면, MR 유체 브레이크의 토오크는 증가하였으며, 그 반응은 매우 빠르게 나타났다. 공급하는 전류의 세기가 증가함에 따라 MR 유체 브레이크의 토오크는 MR유체의 빙햄 특성과 유사하게 증가하여 나타났다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to comparison of the effects of proprioception traning and muscle strength traning on the ankle strength and balance of obese middle-aged woman. Method : The subjects of this study are obese-middle aged woman; 8 woman who agreed with this research, were picked up. Participants were divided randomly into equal groups: experimental group receved proprioception traning for 6 weeks, which consists of 3 times per week, 30 min for each session. control group received strength training during the same period. Muscle strength and balance were measured dorsi flexion, plantar flexion, functional reach test and one leg standing. The intervention were compared by measuring before and after. Result : There were significant improvements in the subscales of the muscle strength of both group and balance test of those who practiced with the proprioception traning, while the muscle strength traning showed significant changes only muscle strength. Conclusion : Therefore, proprioception training is beneficial in improvement of to improve the muscle strength and balance in middle-aged woman with obesity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on physical fitness (dominant hand grip power, dominant isokinetic leg muscle strength, abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiopulmonary endurance) and depression in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: This study was a cross sectional study and subjects consisted of 60 young males with chronic low back pain. The subjects were allocated to two groups following a self-report survey: cigarette smoking group (n=25) or non-smoking group (n=35). Physical fitness (dominant hand grip power, dominant isokinetic leg muscle strength, abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiopulmonary endurance) were measured using objective methods and depression in patients with chronic low back pain was measured using the Korean version of center for epidemiologic studies depression (CES-D) scale. Results: The results of this study were as follows: In physical fitness, the cigarette smoking group showed a significant decrease in abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary endurance compared with the non-smoking group. Depression index (CES-D scale score) was significantly higher in the cigarette smoking group than in the non-smoking group. Conclusion: These results suggest that cigarette smoking had a negative effect on abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary endurance in patients with chronic low back pain. In addition, depression of patients with chronic low back pain was affected by cigarette smoking. Thus, we suggested that cigarette smoking may play a significant role in the deterioration of physical fitness and depression of chronic low back pain patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on the lower extremity function of chronic stroke patients. Methods: The participants consist of 26 chronic stroke patients. They were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=13) or a control group (n=13) and engaged in exercise three times per week for eight weeks. The experimental group engaged in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises and the control group engaged in general mat exercises. To measure lower extremity strength, the sit to stand test and the static balance test (standing on one leg) were used. To measure the stability index (SI) and weight distribution index (WDI), a Tetrax Portable Multiple System (Tetrax Ltd, Israel) was used in addition to a static balance test (standing on one leg). Results: : Lower extremity strength and static balance showed a significant improvement in the experimental group (p<.05). The SI and WDI were significantly improved in the experimental group (p<.05) for tests of standing with their eyes open, standing with their eyes closed, and standing on a sponge with their eyes open. Conclusion: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises have confirmed that lower extremity function improves after exercise interventions in chronic stroke patients.