• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.455-461
• /
• 2000

A multichannel signal processing algorithm for generating real time virtual sound field was proposed. Evaluation of the system performance was done by an objective function that minimizes the difference between the real and generated signals at each control point. Since impulse responses at the surface of a rigid sphere show characteristics similar to those of real HRTF, a rigid sphere model was adequate to simulate the multichannel sound system. A two-channel system and two four-channel systems were studied with various combinations of source locations and speaker positions. The results show that a two-channel system has its best configuration when the angle spanned by the loudspeakers is less than $60^{\circ}$. In the case of four-channel systems, the overall performance was highly improved with one pair of speakers fixed at an optimal position. Left/right symmetry was a reasonable choice, but the additional front/back symmetry degraded the performance of system.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.240-243
• /
• 2016

Perfect facial and body symmetry is an important aesthetic concept which is very difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. Yet, facial asymmetries are commonly encountered by plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Here, we present a case of posttraumatic facial asymmetry successfully treated with a unique concept of facial flap repositioning. A 25-year-old male patient visited our department with severe posttraumatic facial asymmetry. There was deviated nasal bone and implant to the right, and the actual facial appearance asymmetry was much more severe compared to the computed tomography, generally shifted to the right. After corrective rhinoplasty, we approached through intraoral incision, and much adhesion from previous surgeries was noted. We meticulously elevated the facial flap of both sides, mainly involving the cheeks. The elevated facial flap was shifted to the left, and after finding the appropriate location, we sutured the middle portion of the flap to the periosteum of anterior nasal spine for fixation. We successfully freed the deviated facial tissues and repositioned it to improve symmetry in a single stage operation. We conclude that facial flap repositioning is an effective technique for patients with multiple operation history, and such method can successfully apply to other body parts with decreased tissue laxity.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2002년도 추계학술발표논문집 (상)
• /
• pp.755-758
• /
• 2002

스테레오스코픽 영상은 스테레오스코픽 카메라를 이용하여 좌 영상(left image)과 우 영상(right image)을 동시에 획득하는 것으로 사람의 눈으로 보는 것과 같은 입체감을 얻을 수 있는 것을 특징으로 한다. 스테레오스코픽 영상에서 객체의 깊이값을 구하기 위해서는 영상의 정합점을 찾는 것이 중요한데, 본 논문에서는 일반화 대칭변환(generalized symmetry transform) 알고리즘을 적용하여 스테레오스코픽(stereoscopic) 영상의 정합점(correspond points)을 찾는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 먼저 좌 영상과 우 영상에 대해 에지(edge), 코너 검출 방법을 통해 특징점(feature point)을 검출하고 각 특징점들을 중심으로 사각 영역을 설정하고 이 범위내의 에지들이 갖는 대칭도(symmetry magnitude)를 특징점의 위치에 누적 시킨다. 좌영상의 대칭도를 구한 결과를 우 영상의 에지들의 대칭도와 비교를 수행해 임계치(threshold) 이하의 값을 가진 점들을 정합 후보로 선택한다. 이 정합 후보들을 영역내의 반지름 단위의 대칭도 비교를 통해 더욱 세분화된 비교를 수행하고 만약 이와 같은 과정을 통해서도 정합점을 찾지 못한다면 정합 후보들에 대해 칼라 정합도를 측정하여 최종적으로 정합점을 검출한다. 제안한 알고리즘을 이용한다면 특징점만을 이용하여 검색을 수행했을 때보다 더욱 정확한 정합점을 구할 수 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 2018

Background Forehead flaps are useful for facial reconstruction. Studies of these flaps have mostly focused on the results of the reconstruction. However, due to the scarring and changes on the forehead caused by the median forehead flap (MFF), surgeons may be reluctant to perform this flap. Research into the donor site is needed for practical purposes. Methods We examined 42 patients who underwent an MFF at Pusan National University Hospital from 1996 to 2016. Based on a retrospective chart review, we examined the occurrence of complications. We also evaluated scars on the forehead using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and assessed changes in the eyebrow position of 22 patients. Results No complications occurred in the 42 patients. The mean VSS score of the 22 patients was $2.8{\pm}0.79$. The ratio of the height of the eyebrow on each side to the distance between the medial canthi increased postoperatively, meaning that both the left and right brows were elevated slightly (P=0.026 and P=0.014). However, the symmetry between the left and right sides did not change (P=0.979). The ratio of the interbrow distance to the distance between the medial canthi decreased slightly, meaning that the interbrow distance narrowed mildly (P<0.001). Moreover, there were no noticeable changes in the brow position as seen in a photo overlay. Conclusions There were no notable complications in the forehead. Forehead scarring was acceptable. No change in brow symmetry was observed via photographic measurements and a photo overlay. Therefore, we propose that the MFF is a useful choice for minimizing scarring or deformation of the donor site.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 2023

선천성 치아결손은 구강 내에서 가장 호발하는 치아 이상 중 하나이다. 이 연구에서는 2011년 3월 11일부터 2021년 5월 31일까지 연세대학교 원주세브란스기독병원 소아치과에 내원하여 파노라마 방사선 사진을 촬영한 7 - 15세 환자들 1865명에 대한 선천성 치아결손의 발생빈도, 분포 및 대칭성에 대해 조사 및 분석하였다. 대부분의 환자들은 1 - 2개의 선천성 치아결손을 가지고 있었으며, 주로 제2소구치와 측절치에서 발생하였다. 선천성 치아결손은 상악에 비해 하악에서 더 많이 발생하였고, 좌/우측 간에는 유의한 발생빈도의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 선천성 치아결손은 치아에 따라 좌/우측 및 상/하악 대칭적으로 발생하는 경향을 보였다. 선천성 치아결손으로 인한 합병증을 예방하기 위하여 조기 구강검진과 방사선 검사가 요구되며, 다학제 진료를 통한 적절한 치료가 제공되어야 한다.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.33-46
• /
• 2016

The old house at No'eun-ri, located in Hongseong-gun Hongbuk-myeon of the Chungcheong Nam-do province, really seems like the old house of late Seong Sam-mun who died in 1456. The original structure of the house seems to have been symmetrical, in terms of its left and right sides, and the females' chamber(Anchae) as well as the guest quarters(Haeng'rang-chae) would have featured a Matbae(맞배) fashion. The flank chamber and corridor would have displayed a multi-storied shape, and people would have been able to traverse the inside of the house all the way to the second story of the residence. We can see such shapes and dispositions from other 'ㅁ'-shaped houses - found in Chungnam and Gyeongbuk regions - which are now considered as distinct characteristics of certain residences constructed before the war with the Japanese in the 1590s, confirmed from extant vestiges and historical records of that time period. It can be concluded that the old house at No'eun-ri does harbor the traits and elements that resembled the upper class residences of the Joseon dynasty's early half period.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.1053-1059
• /
• 2013

Heading bias effects in PNS using IMUs attached to shoes are analyzed in this paper. The navigation algorithms of a single foot PNS where one IMU is attached to a foot and dual foot PNSs where two IMUs are attached to each foot are derived. Two navigation algorithms are proposed for the dual foot PNS: 1) the positions from the independent right and left foot PNSs are averaged to provide the final position, 2) the right and left foot PNSs are correlated and it provides positions of each foot. Furthermore, it is proven that two methods are equal. Using the derived navigation algorithms the effect of heading bias caused by a misalignment of the moving direction and IMU is analyzed. The analysis explains the position error of a single foot PNS is diverged while the heading bias is effectively compensated in dual foot PNSs because of the symmetry of heading biases. The experimental results confirm the analysis.

• 치과방사선
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 1971

The author has observed the orthopantomograms of the maxillary sinus which were taken by special exposure method to study mesiodistal dimension, shape, symmetrical relationship, bony septum of the maxillary sinus and relationship between upper. 1st molar and the maxillary sinus, that were selected 56 cases of 23 to 27 years old male, who have good. systemic conditions and no missing teeth on upper posterior molar in normal occlusion, and obtained following conclusions: 1. Mesiodistal dimensions of the maxillary sinus are shown as follows; The mean of left dimension is 50.94±8.34㎜ and of right dimension is 49.50±9.87㎜. 2. To the shape of the maxillary sinus, V or U shape are 33cases(29.5%) and W shape are 77 cases(70.5%). 3. In the ralationship between upper 1st molar and floor of the maxllary sinus, superimposition are 62 cases (55.36%) and aproach are 50 cases (44.64%). 4. In the right and left symmetrical relationship of the maxillary sinus, symmetry are 37cases (66.07%) and asymmetry are 19 cases (33.93%). 5. The bony septums in the maxillary sinuses revealed that presence of bony septums are 29 cases (25.8%) and absence are 83 cases (74.11%).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.298-303
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of slashpipe exercise on reducing the thickness of the left and right external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, erector spinae, and multifidus muscles. Methods: A total of 29 healthy adult men and women were included in the study. They performed trunk flexion in the supine position and trunk extension in the prone position with a slashpipe and weight bar. The external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis muscles were measured in the supine position, while the erector spinae and multifidus muscles were measured in the prone position. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ver 21.0 statistical program. The difference in thickness between the right and left sides of the trunk muscle was analyzed by repeated measures analysis. The statistical significance level was set to p<0.05. Results: The results showed that the slashpipe exercise reduced significantly the difference in thickness of the oblique internus and erector spinae muscles compared to the weight bar exercise. Conclusion: The chaotic fluidity of the fluid filled inside the slashpipe could be used as sensory feedback information on body mal-alignment, which would have positively affected the symmetrical contraction of the trunk muscles as a trigger for self-correction. Therefore, it will have a useful effect not only on the health of the general public, but also on low back patients and athletes with muscle asymmetry.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.463-467
• /
• 2023

Madelung's disease (MD) is a rare disease characterized by diffuse, nonencapsulated, multiple fat masses in different areas of the body. In this case report, we present a case of MD in Asia and its management. A 66-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with massive growth of soft tissue around the neck, breasts, upper back, and lower abdomen. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed remarkably hypertrophic fat tissue around the neck and anterior chest was wall, which consistent with the diagnosis of MD. Multiple linear incisions were made on the neck and 763, 186, 635 g of posterior, right, and left fat tissues were excised, respectively. A single wide, transverse incision was done to excise 1,072 g of fat from the upper back. Masses of both breasts were excised, preserving the inferior pedicle, weighing 1,086 (right) and 1,164 g (left). The recovery was optimal and the patient was discharged without complications. In this case, we excised the adipose masses as much as possible and improved contour and symmetry. However, the fat infiltrations in the patient were diffusely distributed, making total fat excision difficult. This rare case report may help in managing patients with MD.