• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.154.2-155
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• 2003

Recently, we developed a new anti-osteoporotic agent, DW-1350, which not only inhibited osteoclast formation but also induced osteoblast differentiation through the in vitro randomized screening studies. We identified inhibitory activities of DW-1350 for each step of osteoclast differentiation, fusion and pit formation process in co-culture system with mouse bone marrow and primary osteoblasts. (omitted)

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.40-43
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• 2018

대화 발화 예측(Next Utterance Classification)은 Multi-turn 대화에서 마지막에 올 발화를 정답 후보들 중에서 예측을 하는 연구이다. 기존에 제안된 LSTM 기반의 Dual Encoder를 이용한 모델에서는 대화와 정답 발화에 대한 관계를 고려하지 않는 문제와 대화의 길이가 너무 길어 중간 정보의 손실되는 문제가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 두 문제를 해결하기 위하여 ESIM구조를 통한 단어 단위의 attention, 대화의 turn별 문장 단위의 attention을 제안한다. 실험 결과 총 5000개의 검증 대화 데이터에 대하여 1 in 100 Recall@1의 성능이 37.64%로 기존 모델 대비 약 2배 높은 성능 향상을 나타내었다.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.627-636
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• 1994

Several Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes of N,N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine(2-HEen) and N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl) ethylenediamine(2-CEen) as carrier ligand were prepared. Water soluble Pt complexes were also synthesized by modification of leaving groups. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against leukemia L1210 and P388 cell in vitro were examined. The Pt complexes containing 2-CEen showed more effective cytotoxicity than those containing 2-HEen. Through the nephrotoxicity tests on the primary cultured proximal tubular cells of rabbit kidney and human kidney cells in vitro, Pt complexes with 2-CEen showed higher than those with 2-HEen which were consistent with cytotoxicity but showed very low nephrotoxicity compared with cisplatin. Also the values of BUN and creatinine in serum of Pt complexes were reduced remarkably compared with cisplatin, therefore it can be concluded that new Pt complexes seems to have much lower nephrotoxicity than cisplatin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1754-1758
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• 2014

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of bis(Y-aryl) chlorothiophosphates (1) with X-pyridines are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at $35.0^{\circ}C$. The free energy relationships with both X and Y are biphasic concave upwards with a break point at X = 3-Ph and Y = H, respectively. The sign of cross-interaction constants (CICs; ${\rho}_{XY}$) is positive with all X and Y. Proposed mechanism is a stepwise process with a rate-limiting leaving group departure from the intermediate with all X and Y. The kinetic results of 1 are compared with those of Y-aryl phenyl chlorothiophosphates (2). In the case of Y = electron-withdrawing groups, the cross-interaction between Y and Y, due to additional substituent Y, is significant enough to change the sign of ${\rho}_{XY}$ from negative with 2 to positive with 1, indicative of the change of mechanism from a rate-limiting bond formation to bond breaking.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.3811-3816
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• 2013

Nucleophilic substitution reactions of ethyl methyl (2), ethyl propyl (4) and diisopropyl (7) chlorothiophosphates with substituted anilines and deuterated anilines are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at $55.0^{\circ}C$. A concerted mechanism is proposed based on the selectivity parameters. The deuterium kinetic isotope effects (DKIEs; $k_H/k_D$) are secondary inverse ($k_H/k_D=0.66-0.99$) with 2, primary normal and secondary inverse ($k_H/k_D=0.78-1.19$) with 4, and primary normal ($k_H/k_D=1.06-1.21$) with 7. The primary normal and secondary inverse DKIEs are rationalized by frontside attack involving hydrogen bonded, four-center-type transition state, and backside attack involving in-line-type transition state, respectively. The anilinolyses of ten chlorothiophosphates are examined based on the reactivity, steric effect of the two ligands, thio effect, reaction mechanism, DKIE and activation parameter.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.3245-3250
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• 2011

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of diisopropyl chlorophosphate (3) with substituted anilines ($XC_6H_4NH_2$) and deuterated anilines ($XC_6H_4ND_2$) are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at $55.0^{\circ}C$. The anilinolysis rate of 3 is rather slow to be rationalized by the conventional stereoelectronic effects. The obtained deuterium kinetic isotope effects (DKIEs; $k_H/k_D$) are secondary inverse ($k_H/k_D$ = 0.71-0.95) with maximum magnitude at X = H.A concerted mechanism involving predominant backside nucleophilic attack is proposed on the basis of the secondary inverse DKIEs.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.137-142
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• 2007

한정된 주의력 자원을 회복 시키기 위한 방법 중 피드백이 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 그러나 피드백의 구체적 내용에 대한 집중력 회복의 연구는 미미하다. 본 연구는 집중력을 회복할 수 있는 감각적 자극 중 정서적 피드백 간의 효과 차이를 분석 하였다. 집중력을 평가하기 위한 온라인 실험 시스템을 구축하고 시각, 청각, 촉각 피드백 자극을 제시하여 각각의 감각자극과 집중력 회복의 효과를 분석 하였다. 실험 참여자의 감각 피드백의 선호도에 따른 영향 요인을 알아보기 위하여 실험 후 주관적 설문을 실시하였다. 감각 피드백을 6명의 대학원생에게 일주일에 걸쳐 반복적으로 약200개의 자극을 제시하고 5회 이상 실험을 통하여 얻어진 30회 결과를 분석하였다. 결과적으로 피드백 별 수행 수준에서는 청각, 촉각, 시각 순으로 효과가 높았으며, 반응 시간에서는 촉각, 청각, 시각 순으로 효과적으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.134-138
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• 2002

The acute osteomyelitis of calcaneus has been rarely reported. A diabetic patient, 44 year-old male was appeared with painful swelling on the hindfoot after being injected with steroid on the lateral area of hindfoot at a private clinic. The diagnosis was an acute calcaneal osteomyelits which was based on MRI finding. We report a case of the acute osteomyelitis of calcaneus, which was successfully treated with the curettage, antibiotic- impregnated bone cement beads, and delayed autogenous iliac bone graft, using the lateral approach.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.377-380
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• 2008

In this work, we measured the spatiotemporal surface charge distribution by the longitudinal electro-optic amplitude modulation method with BSO single crystal to investigate the decay and diffusion characteristics of surface charges in three types of MgO. The speed of decay and diffusion of two different kinds doped MgO is compared with those of pure MgO. The difference in the characteristics of the decay and diffusion between the electron and ion surface charges is investigated separately. We found that the rate of ion decay is the major factor that makes the difference of the temporal variation of wall voltage among different types doped MgO.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.123-148
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• 2015

Today the mobile devices including smart phones have influenced on the users' daily activities in the mobile internet society, and the expansion of social media has also affected on the purchasing behavior of consumers. This study examines whether the quality of corporate twitter, a typical social network service for call centers influences on the customer satisfaction, and brand loyalty. In order to achieve the research goal, the quality of twitter has been divided into four variables; information quality, service quality, system quality, and social quality. The results of our empirical analysis show that the three variables except service quality have significantly influenced on the customer satisfaction and the customer satisfaction also significantly has a casual effect on the brand loyalty. The empirical results are expected as a guideline to contribute on the practical improvement of customer service, satisfaction, and brand loyalty through corporate social network services such as corporate twitters in the future.