• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 1998

Lymphangioma is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system that expands into the surrounding tissues in a manner similar to a malignant tumor. Surgical excision has been the treatment of choice, but the results are often unsatisfactory due to incomplete resection, fluid collection and recurrences. Intralesional injection of OK-432(lyophilized incubation mixture of Group A Streptococcus pyogenes of human origin) was employed in treating 24 patients with lymphangiomas between 1992 and 1997. The method was used in 21 patients as a primary therapy, and in 3 patients for unresectable or recurrent cases as a secondary treatment. The results were excellent in 8 patients (33.3%), good in 7 patients (21.8 %) and poor in 7 patients (21.8 %). The side effects were fever under $39^{\circ}C$ and local inflammation. However these symptoms subsided in a few days without serious sequelae. These results suggest that intralesional injection of OK-432 is safe and effective treatment for primary lymphangioma as well as a secondary therapy for unresectable or recurrent cases.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2006

Purpose: Community health practitioners (CHP) in Korea have a responsibility for delivering primary health care to remote or isolated communities. The aim of this paper is to analyze CHPs' level of depression and impacts of their Ego state and interpersonal attitude in transactional analysis on depression. This paper gives fundamental data for developing a the program for mental health promotion of CHPs. Method: The subjects Of this Study consisted of 459 Korean CHP who were conveniently selected from the target population. The data was collected through interviews using self-administered questionnaires, including the Korean Ego gram and life position inventory and depression scale. Results: The CHP's Ego gram showed the N type with the top point of NP. The type of interpersonal attitude was I'M OK - YOU'RE OK (I+U++). The level of depression was 35.4, normal range. There was a significant difference in depression according to the duration of the career. There was a significant negative correlation among NP, A, FC ego states, interpersonal OK and depression, and a significant positive correlation between interpersonal Not-OK and depression. The NP, A, FC ego states and interpersonal Not-OK were significant predictors (47.1%) of depression. Conclusion: This study showed that a program for CHPs to should include increasing the function of ego states and positive interpersonal attitude.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2013

본 실험은 토마토 플러그묘 생산에서 공간처리와 배지부피처리를 함께하여 두 가지 처리가 유묘의 묘소질 및 수확량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 처리는 공간과 배지의 부피별로 각 2처리, 모두 4가지 처리를 두었다. 배지는 동일하되 배지의 부피에 따라 40공과 50공 플러그 육묘판을 사용했고, 각 육묘판에 공간처리를 한것과 하지 않은 것으로 나누어 처리했다(40S-OK, 40S-NO, 50S-OK, 50S-NO). 전 실험기간 중에 처리외의 환경조건과 급액조건은 모두 동일하게 적용하였다. 광합성 속도와 묘소질 분석 및 수확량과 수확속도 모두에서 통계적 유의성이 있게 공간처리와 배지의 부피처리의 영향을 받았다. 광합성 속도와 묘소질에서는 40S-OK, 50S-OK, 40S-NO, 50S-NO 처리 순으로 좋은 결과를 나타내어 공간처리의 효과가 더 크고, 수확량에서는 40S-OK, 40S-NO, 50S-OK, 50S-NO 처리 순으로 많아서 배지의 부피 처리의 영향이 큰 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 고품질 묘 생산과 초기 수확량을 증대하고, 수확속도를 빠르게 하기 위해서는 육묘기에 적절한 공간확보와 배지의 부피를 크게 하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend changes of the health characteristics and the elements of Han-Ok appeared in the articles of the daily newspaper, and to provide basic information for applying to the healthy housing for the public living in modern society and furthermore the various facilities for healing. For the study, the relevant articles of 4 daily newspapers published from 1st of January in 1960 to 28th of February in 2010 were collected and analyzed. The results of the study were as follows: First, the articles about the health characteristics and the elements of Han-Ok have rapidly grown since the year of 2000. Especially, the residents' interviews, case reports and actual living condition of Han-Ok recently tend to increase. Second, the health characteristics of Han-Ok in the recent articles were focused more on the mental and social health than on the physical health. The physical health had the characteristics of the block of hazard environments, the offer of good quality environments, and the enhancements of residents' health. The mental health consisted of the psychological comfort, the sensory satisfaction and the emotional growth. There have been improvements of family relationships and the interactions with neighbors in the characteristics of social health since 2000. Third, the health elements of Han-Ok in terms of architecture and interior design were the structure, space, material, doors & windows, furniture & props, nature, and villages. The material elements were more stressed before 2000, but the spaces and the nature elements were highly focused after 2000 and the structure elements were steadily high regardless of years. Fourth, of the health elements, the structure and the material had the high effects on the physical health characteristics, on the other hand the spaces and the nature influenced more on the mental health. On-dol, Ma-dang, Dae-cheong, Ma-ru, soil, wood, Changhoji, natural environments, and doors & windows were the detail health elements which had high effects on the health characteristics of Han-Ok. For the future study, the experience based in-depth studies of the residents living in Han-Ok are suggested to grasp the actual effects of Han-Ok on the health. The professional consultations are also needed for the extracts of the health characteristics of Han-Ok and the functional elements which can be applied to the modern buildings.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.3543-3548
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• 2010

A kinetic study on nucleophilic displacement reactions of 2-pyridyl X-substituted benzoates 1a-e with potassium ethoxide (EtOK) in anhydrous ethanol is reported. Plots of pseudo-first-order rate constants ($k_{obsd}$) vs. $[EtOK]_o$ exhibit upward curvature. The $k_{obsd}$ value at a fixed $[EtOK]_o$ decreases steeply upon addition of 18-crown-6-ether (18C6) to the reaction mixture up to [18C6]/$[EtOK]_o$ = 1 and then remains nearly constant thereafter. In contrast, $k_{obsd}$ increases sharply upon addition of LiSCN or KSCN. Dissection of $k_{obsd}$ into $k_{EtO^-}$ and $k_{EtOM}$ has revealed that ion-paired EtOK is more reactive than dissociated $EtO^-$, indicating that $K^+$ ion acts as a Lewis acid catalyst. Hammett plots for the reactions of 1a-e with dissociated $EtO^-$ and ion-paired EtOK result in excellent linear correlation with $\rho$ values of 3.01 and 2.67, respectively. The $k_{EtOK}/k_{EtO^-}$ ratio increases as the substituent X in the benzoyl moiety becomes a stronger electron-donating group. $K^+$ ion has been concluded to catalyze the current reaction by stabilizing the transition state through formation of a 6-membered cyclic complex.

• 건축사
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• 7호통권220호
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• pp.48-52
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• 1987

• 자연과 농업
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• 제27권7호통권220호
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• pp.40-40
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• 2006

• 출판저널
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• 통권384호
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• pp.90-91
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• 2007

• 자연과 농업
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• 제29권4호통권237호
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• pp.48-48
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• 2008

• 월간 양돈
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• 제29권10호통권338호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2007