• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.116-122
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• 1998

It is well known that all-trans-retinol is not only very unstable in heat, light, air, and water, but also skin-irritant despite a good anti-wrinkle effect. Therefore, it is very difficult to stabilize retinol and make the safe retinol containing cosmetics by using a certain concentration of retinol with real effect. In order to dissolve these problems and apply retinol for skin care cream, firstly retinol is to be encapsulated in the vesicle called Liposphere (pseudo-liposome) which is made by homogenizing under high pressure the mixtures of lecithin, retinol, caprylic/capric triglyceride, and hydroalcoholic solution ; and then this retinol containing Liposphere is to be intercalated in lamellar liquid crystal layer which is prepared by emulsifying in an optimal ratio the mixtures composed of non-ionic emulsifier (cetearyl glucoside, sorbitan stearate & sucrose cocoate etc), cetearyl alcohol, stearic acid, cholesterol, and ceramide. In addition, the stability of the retinol containing oil in water cream by adding the polymeric emulsifier such as acrylate /C10-30 alkyl alkylate crosspolymer is to be ensured even at 55 C. Retinol containing oil in water cream prepared through above procedure could be very stable at 45 C for at least 50 days. The structure identification of lamellar liquid crystal was determined using polarized light microscope and electron microscope Conclusively, we could make the very stable retinol containing oil in water cream by triple procedure, that is, encapsulation of retinol in Liposphere, intercalation of retinol in lamellar liquid crystal layer, and assurance of the high temperature stability of cream even at 55 C.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2014

새로운 베지클인 glyceryl citrate/ lactate/ linoleate/ oleate를 이용한 수중유형 형태의 아스타잔틴 나노에멀젼에 대해 항산화 효과, 세포 생존력, 단백질과 관련한 효소의 영향, 피부 침투도 그리고 피부에 대한 보습 및 탄력 등의 약용화장품적인 측면에서의 전반적 연구를 실시하였다. 항산화력 및 세포 생존력에 대해선 각각 DPPH법과 MMT assay를 이용하여 측정하였다. 아스타잔틴 나노에멀젼에 대한 또 다른 성질은 2D-Page를 이용한 단백질 분석 및 컨포칼, in-vivo 테스트를 통해 측정하였다. 본 연구를 통해, 아스타잔틴을 포함하는 나노에멀젼은 MMP발현에 관련한 단백질 억제 및 세포외 기질의 분해를 막고 라디칼의 소거에 매우 우수한 결과를 보였다. 종전의 레시친을 이용한 나노에멀젼 보다는 새로운 베지클을 이용한 아스타잔틴 나노에멀젼의 피부 침투가 매우 효과적임을 CLSM을 통해 측정하였다. 또한 28일 동안의 한국 성인 여성 11명을 통한 보습 및 탄력 인비보 테스트에서 우수한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.155-167
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• 2016

Surface-active substances in defatted rapeseed cake were obtained using a supercritical fluid extraction method. Then, it was purified by removing sinapine in the extract through a series of steps using a mixed solvent: diethyl ether and ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v). Emulsifying properties of purified surface-active substances were investigated, including fat globule size, zeta potentials and creaming stability and its antioxidant activity in emulsion systems were also studied by peroxide value and $^1H$-NMR spectrum. It was found that fat globules in emulsions with purified surface-active substances were much smaller than ones with the unpurified. In addition, as pH of the emulsion lowered and with increasing NaCl concentration in the emulsion, they were observed to increase, which led to worse creaming stability. These properties were reflected in changes of zeta potentials of emulsions. The oxidative stability was better in emulsions with purified surface-active substances than ones with Tween 20 or commercial lecithin, possibly resulted from the existence of sinapic acid in the extract. It was concluded that purified surface-active substances from defatted rapeseed cake could be simultaneously used as emulsifier and antioxidant agent in emulsion system.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.268-279
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• 2003

The nano capsulation of the ceramide was a technique that capsulated ceramide III and tocopheryl linoleate at the mono-vesicle, so as to act the horny layer in skin. It was used 0.5-5.0 wt% of hydrogenated lecithin and 0.01~2.00 wt% of lysolecithin as the membrane-strengthen agents of the mono-vesicle, 5.0~10 wt% of propylene glycol and 5.0~10.0 wt% of ethyl alcohol made by high-pressure Microfluidizer. To enhance the moisturizing efficacy and treat an atopy skin, used ceramide III and tocopheryl linoleate as the active ingredients, and it was made the nano-capsule that synthetic emulsifiers were free. The optimal condition of capsulation of nano ceramide was as follows. The conditions were 3 times at 1,000bar and 60-7$0^{\circ}C$. The particle size showed 63.1$\pm$7.34 nm such as the transparence water as the results for measuring by the laser light scattering. A zeta potential value was -55.1$\pm$0.84 ㎷. The result of the clinical test, the moisturizing effect (in-vivo, n=8, p-value<0.05) was improved 21.15% compared to control, as well as it was improved 36.31 % before the treatment. Moreover, the effectiveness of atopy skin indicated positive reaction that patients were 10 volunteers.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-21
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• 1995

본 연구는 세포 간지질이 주성분인 세라마이즈, 콜레스테롤, 콜레스테롤 에스텔, 스쿠알란, 레시친, 왁스 지방산을 팽윤 반응에 의하여 다중라멜라 소구체를 제조하였다. AHAsomes과 마이크로 플루다이저를 사용하여 MLV 형성에 대한 특성을 조사 하였다. 다중라멜라 소구체는 Polyol과 수상을 서서히 첨가하고, 마이크로 플루다이저를 사용함에 의해 자연스럽게 형성된다. 실제적으로 이 AHAsomes system의 형성은 방부제가 필요하지 않고, 활성 미용 성분을 침투시켰다. 친수성 활성 성분인 말릭산, 타타릭산, 락틱산, 알란토인, 우레아 그리고 소수성 미용 성분인 비타민-E 아세테이트, 비타민-A 팔미테이트를 캡슐화시켰다. MLV형성 조건은 마이크로플루다이저에 3회 통과하였으며, 베지클의 입자크기의 범위는 50-523nm이었다. 응용으로, 일반적인 O/W 에멀젼과 AHAsomes 크림을 사용하여 발바닥의 각질제거 효과를 비교하였다. 3개월동안 사용하여 주름은 15.8%, 피부 탄력은 3배정도 회복되었다. 이것을 Image Analyzer와 Cutometer로 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2002

Using Streptomyces sp. YU100 isolated from Korean soil, the fermentative production of phospholipase D was attempted along with its purification and characterization studies. When different carbon and nitrogen sources were supplemented in the culture medium, glucose and yeast extract were found to be the best. By varying the concentration of nutrients and calcium carbonate, the optimal culture medium was determined as 2.0% glucose, 1.5% yeast extract, 0.5% tryptone 0.3% calcium carbonate. During cultivation, the strain secreted most of the phospholipase D in the early stage of growth within 24 h. The phospholipase D produced in the culture broth exhibited hydrolytic activity as well as transphosphatidylation activity on lecithin (phosphatidylcholine). In particular, the culture broth showed 8.7 units/ml of hydrolytic activity when cultivated at $28^{\circ}C$ for 1.5 days. The phospholipase D was purified using 80% ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography, which produced a major band of 57 kDa on a 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel with purity higher than 80%. The enzyme showed an optimal pH of 7 in hydrolytic reaction, and at pH 4 in a transphosphatidylation reaction. The enzyme activity increased until the reaction temperature was elevated to $60^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was relatively stable at high temperatures and neutral pH, but significantly unstable in the alkaline range. Among the detergents tested as emulsifiers of phospholipids, the highest enzyme activity was observed when 1.5% Triton X-100 was employed. However, no inhibitory effect by metal ions was detected. Under optimized reaction conditions, the purified enzyme not only completely decomposed PC to phosphatidic acid within 1 h, but also exhibited higher than 80% conversion rate of PC to PS by transphosphatidylation within 4 h.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2013

This study determined the effects of fucoxanthin on gene expressions related to lipid metabolism in rats with a high-fat diet. Rats were fed with normal fat diet (NF, 7% fat) group, high fat diet group (HF, 20% fat), and high fat with 0.2% fucoxanthin diet group (HF+Fxn) for 4 weeks. Body weight changes and lipid profiles in plasma, liver, and feces were determined. The mRNA expressions of transcriptional factors such as sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1), Cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase1 (CYP7A1) as well as mRNA expression of several lipogenic enzymes were determined. Fucoxanthin supplements significantly increased plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (P < 0.05). The hepatic total lipids, total cholesterols, and triglycerides were significantly decreased while the fecal excretions of total lipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly increased in HF+Fxn group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of hepatic Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Fatty acid synthase (FAS), and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) as well as SREBP-1C were significantly lower in HF+Fxn group compared to the HF group (P < 0.05). The hepatic mRNA expression of Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) and Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) were significantly low while lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was significantly high in the HF+Fxn group (P < 0.05). There was significant increase in mRNA expression of CPT1 and CYP7A1 in the HF+Fxn group, compared to the HF group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, consumption of fucoxanthin is thought to be effective in improving lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats with a high fat diet.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1238-1254
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Weight loss via a mobile application (App) or a paper-based diary (Paper) may confer favorable metabolic and anthropometric changes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A randomized parallel trial was conducted among 57 adults whose body mass indices (BMIs) were 25 kg/m² or greater. Participants randomly assigned to either the App group (n = 30) or the Paper group (n = 27) were advised to record their foods and supplements through App or Paper during the 12-week intervention period. Relative changes of anthropometries and biomarker levels were compared between the 2 intervention groups. Untargeted metabolic profiling was identified to discriminate metabolic profiles. RESULTS: Out of the 57 participants, 54 participants completed the trial. Changes in body weight and BMI were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P = 0.11). However, body fat and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels increased in the App group but decreased in the Paper group, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03 for body fat and 0.02 for LDL-cholesterol). In the metabolomics analysis, decreases in methylglyoxal and (S)-malate in pyruvate metabolism and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in linoleic acid metabolism from pre- to post-intervention were observed in the Paper group. CONCLUSIONS: In the 12-week randomized parallel trial of weight loss through a App or a Paper, we found no significant difference in change in BMI or weight between the App and Paper groups, but improvement in body fatness and LDL-cholesterol levels only in the Paper group under the circumstances with minimal contact by dietitians or health care providers.

• 공업화학
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 인지질계 양쪽성 계면활성제 CDP-W 첨가가 지질 소포체 막과의 상호 작용에 미치는 영향에 관하여 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 CDP-W 양쪽성 계면활성제와 레시틴 S100-3의 임계 마이셀 농도 및 표면장력 등의 계면 물성을 측정하였다. 또한 pH 변화에 따른 1 wt% 계면활성제 수용액의 제타 전위 측정을 통하여 양쪽성 계면활성제 CDP-W가 양이온 계면활성제에서 음이온 계면활성제로 작용이 전환되는 등전점을 결정하였으며, 이 결과를 바탕으로 pH 변화 및 CDP-W 첨가가 리포좀의 평균 입자 크기, 다분산 지수 및 제타 전위 등과 같은 안정성에 미치는 영향에 살펴보았다. 또한 가장 안정한 상태의 리포좀이 형성되는 pH 6의 조건에서 CDP-W 첨가에 따른 리포좀 막의 형광 이방성, 변형성, 녹는 점 측정 등을 통하여 리포좀 막의 유동성 특성을 측정하고 리포좀 막의 유동성이 포집효율 및 안정성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 살펴보았다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.581-590
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 흑임자죽의 첨가비율과 제조방법을 기존의 흑임자죽 조리법(홍진숙 등 2003)을 바탕으로 여러 번의 예비실험을 통해 결정한 $100^{\circ}C$ 15분 볶음 처리한 흑임자를 대조군과 비교하여 항산화 활성을 평가하였고, 쌀은 통쌀이나 타갠 쌀이 아닌 쌀가루를 대신하여 찹쌀가루, 찹쌀현미가루, 찰흑미 가루를 넣고 흑임자의 첨가 비율은 예비실험을 통해 0, 30, 40, 50, 60%로 정하여 흑임자죽의 품질 특성을 측정하였다. 흑임자의 일반성분 분석 결과는 $100^{\circ}C$에서 15분 볶음 처리한 흑임자 시료는 수분 0.09%, 조지방 52.18%, 조회분 4.93%, 조단백 10.75%의 함량을 보였다. 생 흑임자 보다 $100^{\circ}C$에서 15분 볶음 처리한 흑임자 시료에서 모두 sesamin, sesamolin 함량이 높게 나타났고, Lecithin을 이용하여 TBARS를 측정한 결과 $100^{\circ}C$에서 15분 볶은 처리한 흑임자 시료가 기존 천연항산화제인 Tocopherol이나 sesamol 보다는 유의적으로 높은 활성을 보였고, Hydroxyl radical 소거능을 측정한 결과 90% 이상의 높은 소거능을 보였고, 천연항산화제인 sesamol 보다는 높은 소거 활성을 보였다. 지방산 조성을 분석한 결과 $100^{\circ}C$에서 15분 볶음 처리한 흑임자 시료에서 Linoleic acid의 함량이 높았고, Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Arachidic acid, Oleic acid의 함량은 생 흑임자와 거의 차이가 없게 나타났다. Linolenic acid는 $100^{\circ}C$에서 15분 볶은 처리한 흑임자 시료에서만 측정되었다. 흑임자죽의 품질 특성 및 관능검사 결과 찹쌀, 찹쌀현미, 찰흑미 흑임자죽 제조 시 볶은 흑임자 시료를 50% 첨가하였을 때 전반적인 기호도가 유의적으로 높게 평가되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 항산화성 및 전반적인 품질 면에서 볶은 흑임자 50% 첨가하였을 때 찹쌀, 찹쌀현미, 찰흑미 흑임자죽의 최적의 제조 방법으로 사료된다.