• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 2017

Public holidays are periods set aside by nations or states to observe particular events like national days, independence anniversary or religious festivals. These days are different from the usual periods of statutory leave or vacation provided for workers in the collective agreement or rule of engagement at the point of entry. These periods of leave enjoyed by workers include annual vacation, casual leave, sick leave, maternity leave, paternity leave and others as may be recognized within an establishment. Individual worker's period of leave is personal and at the discretion of the worker or the organization as the case may be, but public holidays involve the stoppage of work by the entire workforce within the period it would last. Nigeria observes many public holidays some of which, at times, are unplanned for by the people. This has attracted arguments for and against on the basis that these holidays are too many and detrimental to productivity and the national economy. Using secondary data, this paper examines the issue and opines that there is the need to review these public holidays with a view to halting their negative effects on the nation's economy. Also, measures to manage these holidays in line with constitutional provisions are espoused.

• 전기의세계
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.36-39
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• 1996

1949년 이후, 중국에서의 전력사업은 급속히 증가하였으며, 1949년부터 1994년까지의 에너지 생산의 연평균성장률과 기존에 장치용량은 각각 12.68%와 10.97%이다. 하지만 중국의 많은 인구와 발전중인 산업의 엄청난 수요로 인하여 전기에너지의 부족은 여전히 중국의 가장 심각한 문제이다. 그래서, 서부에서 동부로 전력에너지를 전송하기 위해서도 더욱더 고압의 AC와 DC 전송 system 채택이 적절하다. 최근까지는 많은 500kV AC 계통과 하나의 .+-.500kV DC link를 운영하였다. 다른 한편으로는, 설치된 전력기기의 안전운전을 어떻게 보장 할 것인가가 또 다른 중요한 문제이다. 그러므로, 절연진단이 온 나라이 전력설비에 더 많은 관심이 기울어지고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.32-44
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the cognitive responses and the corresponding behavior responses of consumers who have experiences in not being able to buy a product in an online shopping mall due to it being sold-out. Responses were gathered from 526 consumers between the ages of 20 to 40 years residing in a metropolitan area. Each person surveyed had experienced a situation in which a product that they wanted to purchase from an online shopping mall was sold-out. SPSS 18.0 was used to perform frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis. The first set of results of this study showed positive responses of quality, discernment, scarcity, but also negative cognitive responses of careless management, manipulation of shopping mall management, and common taste. In negative cognitive responses, sold-out situations caused consumers inconvenience. The second set of results revealed that quality, discernment, and careless management had a significant effect on product replacement (Substitute, S); likewise, factors such as quality, discernment, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste had a significant effect on the delay of purchasing decisions (Delay, D). Scarcity, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste also demonstrated significant influence on the incomplete leaving of stores (Incomplete Leave, L1), while discernment, scarcity, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste had a significant influence on the complete leaving of stores (Complete Leave, L2). Previous studies have examined the behavioral response topics of substitute, delay, and leave. These study results suggest that product sellouts at online shopping malls did not have a solely negative effect on consumers. It actually had a positive effect in terms of discernment, scarcity, and the perception of quality of sold-out products. Furthermore, both positive and negative cognitive responses had various effects on behavioral responses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.300-303
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• 2003

An Algorithm based on direct implementation of variable structure systems theory approach is proposed for on-line training of multilayer perceptrons. Network structures which have multiple inputs, single output and one hidden layer are considered and the weights are assumed to have capabilities for continuous time adaptation. The zero level set of the network learning error is regarded as a sliding surface in the learning parameters space. A sliding mode trajectory can be brought on and reached in finite time on such a sliding manifold. Results from simulated on-line identification task for a two-link planar manipulator dynamics are also presented.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.199-207
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• 2008

Many logistics enterprises have made efforts to achieve low costly and high efficient logistics network. The cross-docking system can be a good solution for them. However, it requires tight schedule and all-night operation inevitably for realization of ideal cross-docking. These causes the difficulty of the attainment of daily delivery target and the leave of delivery service persons. In this paper, we develop the line-haul and shuttle service compromised cross-docking model in order to solve the problems practically. We apply the storage process with the cross-docking system and the direct cross-docking between line-haul and shuttle services. The simulation model validates the shorter delivery time by the developed model than the present model.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.517-544
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• 2011

Promote competition in local government and the construction of a subway construction in the vicious cycle of debt due to the operating deficit as a greater burden on local finances was leave. This government policy of public transport in the center of the metro construction costs affordable and to respond appropriately to public transport demand new transit LRT(Light rail Transit) by introducing the current Busan was the opening of Line 4, yongin line, Busan - Gimhae line, parliamentary and barge construction or ready for the opening. What is light rail, compared to the existing subway and cheaper construction cost, the existing road or bridge that runs along the track is installed, etc. Manless system construction cost and operating expenses as a possible new railway transportation has been a leading state-of-the-art mad. However, the domestic business system engineering of light rail-related companies in the developed countries are doing to advance to the national to the local engineering skills of the self-free, hurry will have to be secured. Therefore, this paper applies local light rail project on the status of the systems engineering analysis and based on this source of the latest engineering technology-intensive systems engineering to provide direction to the development of technology.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.568-571
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• 1997

Recently, the number of techniques for analyzing medical images has been increasing in computer vision, employing X-ray CT images, ultrasound images, MR images, moire topographic images, etc. Spinal deformity is a serious problem especially for teenagers and medical doctors inspect moire topographic images of their backs visually for the primary screening. If a subject is normal, the moire image is almost symmetric with respect to the middle line of the subject's back, otherwise it shows asymmetric shape. In this paper, an image analysis technique is described for discriminating suspicious cases from normal in human spinal deformity by recognizing asymmetric moire images of human backs. The principal axes which are sensitive to asymmetry of the moire image are extracted at two parts on a subject's back and their angles are evaluated with respect to the detected middle line of the back. The two angles compose a 2-D feature space and inspected cases are divided into two clusters in the space by a linear discriminant function based on the Mahalanobis distance. Given 120 cases, 60 normal and 60 abnormal, the leave-out method was applied for the recognition and 75% recognition rate was achieved.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2004

Recently the elderly care facilities have increased according to the increase in the needs of the elderly care. However architectural studies of elderly facilities still leave much to be desired. The results of this thesis are as follows 1) There are three types of residential unit for elderly care facility such as the linear-type, and loop-type, the hall-type. 2) In the elderly care facilities, staffs' affairs are not separated distinctively, instead all of them join the service for the elders. 3) Since both case being easy and being difficult to find a way for elders are decided by the type of the building, space organization should be planned to be recognized the way for elders and organized straightly with joint area between buildings. This study analyzes the effects of the movement and the moving line of elders and staffs for the estimation of each residential space unit. The purpose of this study is to propose residential space organization of the elderly care facilities.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 1986

This investigation studied the toughness variations in the narrow gap weldment with the notch location. Specimens with the notch at the center of the weld metal showed the lowest toughness. As the location of notchmoves to fusion line, the impact properties improve reaching a maximum at the fusion boundaries. This improvement in toughness can be explained by the microstructural feature showing in the narrow gap weldment. "one pass/layer" technique performed in narrow gap welding results in the increased proportion of refined structure as approaching to fusion boundary from weld center and thus leave 100% refined structure along the fusion boundary. HAZ also shows 100% refined structure with respect to base metal structure accompanied with the significant suppression of ductile-brittle transition temperature.mperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.322-324
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• 2003

생체인식 기술은 현재까지 많은 발전을 거듭하고 있으며 국내에서도 연구는 물론 표준화작업 및 데이터 베이스 구축이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 생체인식은 신체의 여러 부분을 이용하는 방법과 습관에서 비롯된 특징을 이용하는 방법이 있는데, 본 연구에서는 이 중에서 개인의 필기습관 정보를 이용하여 인식하였다. 본 연구에서는 필기습관에 주목하여 서명하는 사람의 습관이 잘 드러나는 펜의 기울임과 눌림, 펜의 방위각도 둥의 성분이 표현되어지는 동적인 생채정보를 감지하고 특성을 추출할 수 있는 타블렛과 펜을 사용하여 서명정보를 추출한다. 이렇게 생성된 서명정보의 특징을 추출하기 위하여 패턴인식분야에 널리 활용하고 있는 주성분요소분석(PCA, Principal Component Analysis), 독립성분요소분석(ICA, Independent Component Analysis)기법에 적용하였다. 생성된 두 특징벡터 사이의 거리를 Euclidean Distance를 이용하여 구하고 Nearest Neighbor를 비교하여 인식률을 알아보고 교차인식(Cross Validation) 기법 중 하나인 Leave-One-Out 방법을 이용한 분류성능 측정을 통하여 데이터의 신뢰수준을 알아보았다.