• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2023

As sputter equipment becomes more complex, it becomes increasingly difficult to understand the parameters that affect the thickness uniformity of thin metal film deposited by sputter. To address this issue, we verified a deep learning model that can predict complex relationships. Specifically, we trained the model to predict the height of 36 magnets based on the thickness of the material, using Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), 1D-Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN), and 2D-Convolutional Neural Network (2D-CNN) algorithms. After evaluating each model, we found that the MLP model exhibited the best performance, especially when the dataset was constructed regardless of the thin film material. In conclusion, our study suggests that it is possible to predict the sputter equipment source using film thickness data through a deep learning model, which makes it easier to understand the relationship between film thickness and sputter equipment.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2001

본 연구는 초등학교 저학년 아동의 수학적 의사소통 지도의 방향을 모색하고 의사소통에 대한 구체물 활용의 효과에 대하여 새로운 방향을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 수학적 의사소통에는 어떠한 특성이 있으며, 구체물이 수학적 의사소통에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 수학 학습에 구체물이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 의사소통 특성으로는 수학적 기호나 용어가 익숙하지 못하고 대체 용어를 사용하고 생활 속의 경험을 학습에 잘 적용시키며, 소수 아동들이 수업을 주도하며, 소집단에서 이루어지는 대화의 방향이 과제 해결 중심으로 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 구체물은 말하기 활동을 촉진시키며, 오류를 쉽게 확인하게 하며 추측과 예상 활동을 수월하게 하고 소집단 활동이 활발히 이루어지게 한다. 반면에 구체물을 활용하면서 교사에게 집중하지 않고 이탈행동을 보임으로써 듣기 활동이 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 학습에 주는 영향으로는 참여도를 높이고, 부진아 학습을 돕고, 개념 형성에 도움을 준다. 또한 과제 해결 능력에 따라 수준별 학습이 쉽게 이루어지도록 한다. 그러나 구체물에 따라 학습에 활용 정도가 다르게 나타났으며 아동들은 절차적 지식보다 개념적 지식을 더 중시하고 있었다. 따라서 구체물은 수학 수업에서 의사소통을 활발하게 이루어지게 도와주며 수학 학습에도 많은 영향을 미치게 되므로 저학년의 수학 수업에서는 구체물의 활용이 꼭 필요하다. 또한 교사는 이러한 아동들의 의사소통의 특성을 고려하여 의사소통 활동이 활발히 이루어질 수 있는 교수 학습 방법을 모색해야할 것이다.된다0.9 mg/ml의 수준에서 측정되었고, 제 11세대에서는 유즙내 인간 hIL-10의 발현 수준을 분석하였을 때, 그 농도는 평균 5.7± 1.5 mg/ml의 수준에서 측정되었고, 제 12세대에서는 유즙내 인간 hIL-10의 발현 수준을 분석하였을 때, 그 농도는 평균 6.3±3.5 mg/ml의 수준으로 측정되었고, 제 13세대에서는 유즙내 인간 hIL-10의 발현 수준을 분석하였을 때, 그 농도는 평균 6.8±4.5 mg/ml의 수준으로 측정되었고, 제 14세대에서는 유즙내 인간 hIL-10의 발현 수준을 분석하였을 때, 그 농도는 평균 6.8±3.1 mg/ml의 수준으로 측정되었다. 이러한 수준은 제 1 세대의 것보다 높은 결과로 형질전환 생쥐에서 인간 IL-10 유전자의 발현은 최소한 15 세대까지 지속적으로 유지된다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 장기 세대까지도 발현수준이 유지될 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 연구결과는 계통으로 확립된 형질전환 동물에 부여된 새로운 유전형질은 지속적으로 후대로 유전될 수 있음을 제시한다.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2008

In distributed mobile robot systems, autonomous robots accomplish complicated tasks through intelligent cooperation with each other. This paper presents behavior learning and online distributed evolution for cooperative behavior of a group of autonomous robots. Learning and evolution capabilities are essential for a group of autonomous robots to adapt to unstructured environments. Behavior learning finds an optimal state-action mapping of a robot for a given operating condition. In behavior learning, a Q-learning algorithm is modified to handle delayed rewards in the distributed robot systems. A group of robots implements cooperative behaviors through communication with other robots. Individual robots improve the state-action mapping through online evolution with the crossover operator based on the Q-values and their update frequencies. A cooperative material search problem demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed behavior learning and online distributed evolution method for implementing cooperative behavior of a group of autonomous mobile robots.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2024

In this paper, machine learning models were applied to predict the seismic response of steel frame structures. Both geometric and material nonlinearities were considered in the structural analysis, and nonlinear inelastic dynamic analysis was performed. The ground acceleration response of the El Centro earthquake was applied to obtain the displacement of the top floor, which was used as the dataset for the machine learning methods. Learning was performed using two methods: Decision Tree and Random Forest, and their efficiency was demonstrated through application to 2-story and 6-story 3-D steel frame structure examples.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of physical education classes based on Flipped Learning on self-directed learning abilities and learning attitude towards these classes, for middle school students. The study selected 90 students as an experimental group (3 classes) and 97 students as a control group (3 classes), among 240 students of the first-year students attending a middle school located at Jeonju City of South Korea, applying convenience sampling, one of the non-probability sampling methods. For the experimental group, 36 sessions of physical education classes were held for 14 weeks, while the control group received teacher-centered classes. Comparing the results with the control group, the experimental group showed significant differences in terms of all sub factors of self-directed learning abilities, namely; desire for learning, learning objective establishment, basic self-management abilities, selection of learning strategy and self-reflection. Moreover, the experimental group manifested significant differences in terms of all sub factors of attitude towards the physical education subjects, namely; positive emotions, negative emotions, health & physical strength, interpersonal relations, physical activities & movements, and active participation & positive performance. From the findings, it can be considered that physical education classes based on Flipped Learning contributed to improving self-directed learning abilities and attitude towards physical education classes. This result can serve as a significant basic material for designing and performing classes in raising the understanding of Flipped Learning and effectively applying Flipped Learning in physical education classes.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.173-192
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 중국인 사무직 직원의 디지털 리터러시가 무형식 학습에 영향을 주는지 살펴보고, 디지털 리터러시와 무형식 학습 사이의 인센티브의 조절효과를 규명하는데 있다. 구체적인 연구 목표로는 첫째, 사무직 직원의 디지털 리터러시는 무형식 학습과 정적인(+) 관계가 있는지 살펴보고, 둘째, 사무직 직원의 디지털 리터러시와 무형식 학습의 관계에서 회사의 인센티브(물질적 인센티브, 비물질적 인센티브)는 조절효과가 있는지 살펴보는 것이다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 중국 사무직 직원의 디지털 리터러시는 ICT를 잘 다루는 능력과 정보를 잘 활용할 수 있는 능력으로 구인하였는데, ICT를 잘 다루는 능력은 직무수행을 통한 지식획득, 자기개발 능력 함양, 타인과 유의미한 정(+)의 관계를 가졌고, 정보를 잘 활용할 수 있는 능력도 직무수행을 통한 지식획득, 자기개발 능력 함양, 타인과의 학습과 정(+)의 관계가 가졌다. 디지털 리터러시와 무형식 학습의 관계에서 물질적 인센티브와 비물질적 인센티브를 투입하여 조절효과를 살펴보았는데, 정보를 잘 활용할 수 있는 능력과 직무수행을 통한 지식획득 사이에만 물질적 인센티브와 비물질적 인센티브가 조절효과가 있었으며 그 외의 관계에서는 인센티브가 조절효과가 나타나지 않았다. 이 연구는 중국 사무직 직원의 디지털 리터러시와 무형식 학습의 관계를 실증적으로 규명하고, 디지털 리터러시와 무형식 학습의 관계에서 인센티브의 조절효과를 확인하였다는 데 의의가 있다. 더 나아가 중국 기업의 사무직 직원 채용 및 교육 설계, 회사 인센티브의 보상 방식의 설계에서 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2022

In this study, a model for automatically recognizing several steel parts through a camera before charging materials was developed under the assumption that the temperature distribution in the pre-air atmosphere was known. For model development, datasets were collected in random environments and factories. In this study, the YOLO-v5 model, which is a YOLO model with strengths in real-time detection in the field of object detection, was used, and the disadvantages of taking a lot of time to collect images and learning models was solved through the transfer learning methods. The performance evaluation results of the derived model showed excellent performance of 0.927 based on mAP 0.5. The derived model will be applied to the model development study, which uses the model to accurately recognize the material and then match it with the temperature distribution in the atmosphere to determine whether the material layout is suitable before charging materials.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.160-169
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• 2022

This qualitative study aimed to investigate ways to improve effective cooperative learning from students' perspective by understanding and analyzing the learning experiences of nursing students who participated in a collaborative problem-solving learning model. Data were collected through focus group interviews and reflection journals of six second-year nursing students from G-university in J-city who participated in a collaborative problem-solving learning model course. The interview data were analyzed and divided into 3 categories and 10 subcategories according to the six-step thematic analysis method proposed by Braun and Clarke. The results of analyzing the interviews were considered based on three areas: preparation before learning, the process of collaborating as a cooperative learning experience, and solutions and expectations after learning. The participants felt frustrated because collaborative problem-solving took more time for individual learning than traditional methods did and would not allow them to check the correct answers immediately. However, they gained new experiences by solving problems and engaging in discussions within their learning community. The participants' expectations included material that could help their learning, measures to prevent free-riders, and consideration of the learning process in evaluation factors. Although this study has sample limitations by targeting nursing students in only one region, it can be used to help operate collaborative problem-solving classes, as it reflects the real experiences and opinions of students.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권4호
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• pp.403-415
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• 2024

We looked at how the damping qualities of epoxy composites changed when different amounts of graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) were added, from 0% to 6% by weight. A mix of free and forced vibration tests helped us find the key GNP content that makes the damper ability better the most. We also created a Representative Volume Element (RVE) model to guess how the alloys would behave mechanically and checked these models against testing data. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was also used to guess how these compounds would react to motion. With proper hyperparameter tweaking, the ANN model showed good correlation (R²=0.98) with actual data, indicating its ability to predict complex material behavior. Combining these methods shows how GNPs impact epoxy composite mechanical properties and how machine learning might improve material design. We show how adding GNPs to epoxy composites may considerably reduce vibration. These materials may be used in industries that value vibration damping.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the nurses' recognition extent of nursing power and related factors. It was performed in a private university hospital using questionaire papers from Jul. 11 to Jul. 20, 1993. The collected data were in number of 209, and they were handled and analyzed by computer program (SPSS). Through above process, we got meaningful results as follow. 1. The factor concerned with whether the nursing department show its independent power or not was 4.1 on an average. Consequently above results showed that the independent power roles as a important factor. The factor concerned with study and research was 3.9 on an average. So that the extension of learning was also a comparatively important nursing power. But ensuring good material environment was merely 1.6 on an average. So it was understood as less important nursing power. 2. Between the factor concerned with enforcement of independence of nursing department and the factor concerned with extension of learning, there was positive correlation of 0.32 Pearson's Correlation Coefficent. It can be interpreted as the effort of extension of learning go side by side with the showing of independent power of nursing department. As a result the power of nursing become strong. And between the factor concerned with enforcenment of independence of nursing department and the ensuring o(good material environment, there was negative correlation of -0.28 Pearson's Correaltion Coefficint. It can be interpreted as the stronger the independent power of nursing, the more overlooked the recognized of material environment of nurses.