• 제목/요약/키워드: Learning goal

검색결과 1,200건 처리시간 0.024초

상태 공간 압축을 이용한 강화학습 (Reinforcement Learning Using State Space Compression)

  • 김병천;윤병주
    • 한국정보처리학회논문지
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.633-640
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    • 1999
  • Reinforcement learning performs learning through interacting with trial-and-error in dynamic environment. Therefore, in dynamic environment, reinforcement learning method like Q-learning and TD(Temporal Difference)-learning are faster in learning than the conventional stochastic learning method. However, because many of the proposed reinforcement learning algorithms are given the reinforcement value only when the learning agent has reached its goal state, most of the reinforcement algorithms converge to the optimal solution too slowly. In this paper, we present COMREL(COMpressed REinforcement Learning) algorithm for finding the shortest path fast in a maze environment, select the candidate states that can guide the shortest path in compressed maze environment, and learn only the candidate states to find the shortest path. After comparing COMREL algorithm with the already existing Q-learning and Priortized Sweeping algorithm, we could see that the learning time shortened very much.

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학습자의 동기적 특성들이 불일치 사례를 사용한 개념 학습 과정에 미치는 영향 (The Influences of Students' Motivational Characteristics on the Processes of Concept Learning Using A Discrepant Event)

  • 최숙영;김은경;강석진;노태희
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.414-422
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구에서는 학습자의 동기적 특성이 불일치 사례를 이용한 밀도 개념 학습 과정에 미지는 영향을 조사하였다. 두 개의 중학교 1학년 학생 642명이 연구에 참여하였으며, 사전 검사로 실패에 대한 인내, 자아효능감, 과제 목표 지향과 수행 목표 지향 검사를 실시한 뒤, 선개념 검사를 실시하였다. 개념 변화 학습의 주요 단계를 포함한 학습지를 이용하여 밀도 학습에 대한 개별적인 학습을 실시한 뒤, 사후 검사로 주의집중, 노력, 개념 이해도 검사를 실시하였다. 목표 오개념을 지닌 203명의 학생들의 응답을 경로 분석한 결과, 동기적 특성 변인들은 인지 갈등에 영향을 주지 않았다. 그러나 실패에 대한 인내와 과제 목표 지향은 상황 흥미와 주의집중, 노력을 매개로 개념 이해도에 영향을 주었다. 자아효능감은 노력을 매개로 개념 이해도에 영향을 주었다. 수행 목표 지향은 주의집중과 노력을 매개로 개념 이해도에 부적인 영향을 주었다. 인지 갈등은 상황 흥미를 매개로 간접적으로뿐 아니라 직접적으로도 개념 이해도에 영향을 주었다.

고령자의 평생학습 참여동기가 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of the Elderly Participation in Lifelong Learning on Psychological Well-Being)

  • 김기승
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제20권10호
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    • pp.92-99
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구의 목적은 평생학습 참여 노인들을 대상으로 평생학습참여가 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석해 보는데 있다. 이를 위해서 천안시에 소재하고 있는 C, D병원 평생교육기관 학습자 160명을 대상으로 하였다. 설문기간은 2019년 5월8일부터 5월 17일 까지 10일 동안 실시하였다. 첫째, 노인들의 평생학습 참여동기 중 목표지향성 요인은 심리적 안녕감에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것인가?, 둘째, 노인들의 평생학습 참여동기 활동지향성 요인은 심리적 안녕감에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것인가?, 셋째, 노인들의 평생학습 참여동기 중 학습지향성 요인은 심리적 안녕감에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것인가? 등이다. 이와 같은 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 상관관계분석을 통해 변수들과 관계가 있는 성별, 연령, 결혼여부, 교육정도 등의 변수를 통제한 다음 단순회귀분석을 실시하였다. 직접효과 검증결과를 보면 목표지향성(${\beta}=.244$, p<.001)과 활동지향성(${\beta}=.321$, p<.001) 은 심리적 안녕감에 통계적으로 유의하게 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 학습지향성(${\beta}=.284$, p>.001)은 심리적 안녕감에 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때 노인들을 위한 평생학습의 프로그램은 학습지향적인 즉, 학문적인 프로그램을 지양하고 목표지향성과 활동지향성 중심의 프로그램으로 구성하는 것이 노인의 심리적 안녕감에 도움이 될 것으로 보인다.

일반 화학 수업에서 설명적 피드백을 이용한 개념도 학습의 효과 (The Effects of Concept Mapping with Explanation Feedback in the Undergraduate General Chemistry Course)

  • 고한중;김경수;강석진
    • 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.341-349
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    • 2010
  • In this study, the effects of concept mapping with feedbacks providing explanatory comments on students' achievement, science learning anxiety, and science learning motivation were investigated in the undergraduate general chemistry course. The aptitude-treatment interactions between students' level of mastery goal orientation and the concept mapping with explanation feedback treatment were also examined. Sixty-seven freshmen from an university of education were assigned to a control group and a treatment group. The tests of mastery goal orientation, science anxiety, and science learning motivation were administered as pretests. For the treatment group, feedback providing students with explanatory comments through whole class discussion was presented after each concept mapping. Whereas the control group students were presented with opportunities solving excercise problems followed by explanation feedback. The intervention was lasted for 10 weeks (30 class periods). After the instructions, a researcher-made achievement test, the science learning anxiety test, and the science learning motivation test were administered. The results indicated that no statistically significant difference was found in students' achievement. In the science learning anxiety, however, the scores of the treatment group was significantly lower than those of the control group. The scores of the treatment group also tended to be higher, though not significant, than those of the control group in the science learning motivation. However, no significant aptitude-treatment interactions were found in all dependent variables.

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청소년의 자기조절학습: 현황과 교육적 함의 (Self-Regulated Learning of Adolescents: Its Current Status and Educational Implications)

  • 박승호;서은희
    • 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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    • 제14권1호_spc
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    • pp.135-152
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    • 2008
  • 본 논문의 목적은 한국 청소년들의 자기조절학습능력 향상을 위해 우리가 고려해야 할 심리적 측면과 사회·정책적 측면이 무엇인가를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 자기조절학습의 최근 연구들의 초인지적, 동기적, 행동적 영역별 주요 관심사를 살펴보았다. 초인지적 영역에서는 청소년의 자기조절학습에서 인지전략과 초인지전략의 중요성을 논의하였다. 특히 읽기학습에서 자기조절기능으로 간주되는 이해점검 초인지전략의 연구동향을 고찰하였다. 동기영역의 연구결과들은 자기효능감과 목표지향성의 최근 연구 동향을, 행동영역의 연구결과들은 시간 관리와 지연행동의 최근 연구 동향을 제시하였다. 그 다음으로 이러한 연구동향이 청소년의 자기조절학습 향상에 주는 시사점을 고찰하였다. 동기영역에서는 청소년들의 자기효능감 향상을 위한 프로그램 개발의 필요성과 수행목표지향성에 대한 사회적 인식의 전환을 언급하였다. 행동영역에서는 청소년들의 시간관리 능력을 향상시키기 위해 학교상황에 적용할 수 있는 방안들을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

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A Survey of Japanese University Students' Future Use of English Goal Orientations

  • Uehara, Suwako;Richard, Jean-Pierre Joseph
    • 영어어문교육
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.213-235
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    • 2011
  • The aim of this study is to present preliminary results from an ongoing large-scale study of English-language future goal orientations held by Japanese university students. The work here involves an investigation of learners in multiple disciplines, from five universities, both public and private, in the Kanto-region of Japan, and their perspective on their future use of English. The results summarize written essays on L2-goal orientations. Preliminary results indicate Japanese learners (n = 629) as a whole have disparate L2-learning goals; however, these can be summarized into four broad categories: career, personal life, study, and general; and early findings indicate that most learners (63.56%) are oriented to career or personal goal orientations, while others are oriented to study and general. These early results help us to gain a better understanding of the future goals of Japanese university learners and their views of English usage in the future.

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The Relationship Between Life-Learning Competency and Self-Directed Learning Ability, Problem-Solving Ability, and Academic Achievement of University Students in the Context of Higher Education

  • SUNG, Eunmo
    • Educational Technology International
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.249-263
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to examine whether respondents showed gender differences in life- learning competency, self-directed learning ability, problem-solving ability, and academic achievement and to identify relationships among variables of university students in the context of higher education. To address those goal, the data set was analyzed that nationally collected from Korea Youth Competency Measurement and International Comparative Research III by National Youth Policy Institute in South Korea. 680 samples were used in the study that were 343 males and 337 females of university students. As results, statistically significant difference was showed in the participants' gender. Male university students were higher score than female university students in All variables. Also, learning agility in life-learning competency was strongly related to self-directed learning ability and problem-solving. Thinking skills in life-learning competency was strongly related to academic achievement in university students in higher education. In terms of learning strategy in the context of higher education, some suggestions have been made for university students.

An Exploration of Learning Environmental Factors Affecting Student Cognitive Engagement: Implications for Instructional Design Research

  • LEE, Sunghye
    • Educational Technology International
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.143-170
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    • 2014
  • As it was argued that students' cognitive engagement can be, at least in part, modified by individual or learning environmental factors, prior studies have attempted to identify the factors explaining the variability of students' cognitive engagement. This literature review has shown that students' cognitive engagement can be altered by various elements in the learning environment design such as factors related students' perceptions of teaching quality, characteristics of tasks and learning activities, teachers' behaviors during instruction, classroom goal structures, the integration of student oriented learning, action learning, problem-based learning, and constructivist learning, and academic disciplines. Based on the review, this study suggests that more studies are required to focus on understandings how the integration of instructional design principles into courses and the levels of student cognitive engagement in these courses are related. Also, an investigation of direct and indirect effect of learning environments taking into account students' personal factors would provide a more accurate picture of the relationship between learning environmental factors and students' cognitive engagement.

농촌 지역사회개발의 학습단계와 주민역량강화 -자립형 농촌공동체 만들기 사업을 중심으로- (Learning Phase and Capacity Building in the Rural Community Development - Focusing on the Independent Rural Community Creation Project -)

  • 김경희;오대민;정충섭
    • 농촌지도와개발
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.49-61
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    • 2017
  • The community development program is a project to design to develop rural areas and to enhance the situation of rural community. Participation in community development is the key to promoting efficiency for community development. The purpose of this study was to discuss the result of application of learning phase for capacity building of community development. This study examined cases from rural area, using examples from eight communities that have been able to get people's participation. These examples suggest that the learning phases for rural communities include five important factors: sharing the perception, setting a goal, goal refinement, empowerment, vision setting. After completing the rural community development program, the result of each steps were analyzed. The result of this study contributes to knowledge about phase for capacity building in the community development and suggests ways to increase of effectiveness of rural development program and promote participation based on an understanding of a rural community development context.

Serious Games 활용을 위한 이해와 동향 (Exploring of trends and understanding to apply Serious Games for education and training)

  • 박형성
    • 한국게임학회 논문지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.107-118
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    • 2008
  • 세계는 정보통신기술의 발달로 인해 지식의 양이 폭발적으로 증가하면서 정보화 사회에서 지식사회로 빠르게 변화하고 있다. 다양한 매체를 통해 교육과 훈련 방법을 다양화 할 수 있는 여건이 마련된 것이다. 교육과 훈련을 위해 사용되는 매체인 Serious Game을 학습자의 학습과정에 도입하여 활용하고자 하는 노력은 국내.외에서 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 학습자들에게 만족감과 목표달성, 몰입을 제공하는 게임의 고유한 특성을 기반으로 특정 교육목적 달성을 위해 개발된 Serious Game의 전반적인 이해에 있다. 이를 위해 교육과 훈련에 적용하기 위한 학습 모형을 제안하고, Serious Games의 동향을 탐색해 보고자 하고자 한다.

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