• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.431-436
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• 2006

6 Sigma uses DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology as process of solving problem. Enterprise already propelling successfully 6 sigma such as Motorolla, GE and consulting companies leading 6 sigma also propose DMAIC methodology traditionally. But from making 6 sigma activated, enterprises and 6 sigma consulting companies propose 6 sigma methodology matching office indirection part and research and development part. As the forward example, DFSS(Design For Six Sigma) is R&D part application in GE. This study investigates 6 sigma methodology corresponding to Right Process of the kernel factor. Especially for optimum design of the R&D part, revise DFSS definition and general concept organization through Lean DFSS methodology research and analysis.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.128-132
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• 2019

This paper is to explore the success factors of the online public grievance redressal system in the Nepal. It empirically tests the conceptual path model developed by DeLone and McLean which consists of six social perception variables with regard to citizen's intention to use the system. The estimates from 577 respondents support all the 13 hypotheses generated from D&L model. People's attitude and social norms are the two most important factors on the continuous usage of the system. It is suggested that the social factors are as much important as technological aspects when it comes to the e-government implementation. It is also suggested that the government should pay more attention to human factors in upgrading the design and development of e-grievance system in the foreseeable future.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.183-190
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• 2002

In order to reduce NOx emissions in the 20kw class microturbines under development, the low NOx characteristics, as being an application to the lean premixed combustion technology, have been investigated. The study has been conducted at the conditions of high temperature and pressure. Air from a compressor with the temperature of 500K to 650K and the pressure of 0.3bar gauge to 0.7bar gauge, was supplied to the combustor through an air preheat-treatment. Sampling exhaust gases were measured at the immediate exit of the combustor. for the effect of temperature on NO and CO emissions. though NOx was increased, CO was decreased with increasing inlet air temperature. With increasing inlet air pressure, NOx and CO were increased also. NOx was decreased, but CO was increased with increasing inlet air mass flow rate. The test has been performed on the equivalent ratios of 0.10 to 0.25 in a lean region. NOx was increased with increasing equivalent ratios, but CO was decreased as an influence of flame temperature. In the very lean region of the equivalent ratio below 0.12, CO was increased suddenly, due to instability. As the results of this study, NOx and CO are found to be reduced to the similar level at the same time when operated at optimal conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.381-393
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find useful solutions by analyzing causes and results about defects on mechanical drawing notes and provide an automated tool with solutions to mechanical engineers. Methods: The collected data for defects on mechanical drawing notes were from ongoing development and mass production projects. Various measurement methods were used based on the Lean 6 Sigma analysis such as Process analysis, C&E diagram and some statistical analysis. Results: The results of this study are as follows; The results of the Lean 6 Sigma analysis, the validity of the selected indicators for improving drawing notes quality was verified through the verification of cause variables. The strategy established to improve the mechanical drawing notes was reflected as an automated program, and the defects were within a manageable range and achieved target Sigma level. Conclusion: Through the application of the "Mechanical drawing notes automation tool", it is expected to resolve the "Voice of Customer, VOC" and "Voice of Business, VOB".

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.182-189
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• 2007

To reform and improve the productivity of construction industry, 1) it should be encouraged to improve the construction production process and 2) it is required to enhance reliability of construction information based on the systematic thinking process. To promote the information reliability created during construction production process, Lean Construction Research Center(LRC2) is developing a supporting system to improve design/material supply/schedule management, functioning to efficiently manage the information created at construction production processes and developing a web based construction information system that provides result management/decision making support/knowledge based information services.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.24-33
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• 1999

This paper investigate the effects of the variations of engine operation condition in the flame kernel formation and developmnet . A model for calculating the initial kernel development in spark ignition engines is formualted. It considered input of electrical energy, combustion energy release and heat transfer to the spark plyg, cylinder head, and unburned mixture. The model also takes into accounts strain rate of initial kernel and residual gas fraction. The breakdown process and the subsequent electrical power input initially control the kernel growth while intermediate growth is mainly dominated by diffusion or conduction. Then, the flame propagates by the chemical energy and turbulent flame expansion. Flame kernel development also influenced by engine operating conditions, for example, EGR rate, air-fuel ration and intake manifold pressure.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.63-72
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• 2003

In order to reduce NOx emissions in the 20kW class microturbine under development, the low NOx characteristics, as being an application to the lean premixed combustion technology, have been investigated. The study has been conducted at the conditions of high temperature and high pressure. Theair from a compressor with the pressure of 2.5bar, 3.0bar, 3.5bar was supplied to the combustor with the temperature 560K through the air preheat-treatment. The sampling exhaust gas was measured at the immediate exit of the combustor. For the effect of temperature on NO and CO emissions, though NOx were increased, CO was decreased with increasing inlet air temperature. With increasing inlet air pressure, NOx were increased and CO was decreased also. NOx were decreased, but CO was increased with increasing inlet air mass flow rate. The test has been performed on the equivalent ratio of 0.10 to 0.16 in the lean region. NOx were increased with increasing equivalent ratio, but CO was decreased as an influence of flame temperature. CFD work with an appropriate combustion model predicated a complicated swirling flow pattern in the combustor, and also produced a numerical value of NOx and CO emissions which was to be compared with the experimental one. As the results of this study, NOx are expected to be reduced to less than 42ppm at 15% O2 when operated at the design condition of the 20kW class microturbine.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2003

A study was conducted to investigate the anthropometric indices, fat distribution, eating habits and levels of daily physical activity based on the body mass index (BMI ; kg/㎡) of 180 female college students. This stady was based on survey 2001 using a questionnaire. The results are as follow ; The mean age, height, weight and BMI were 20.41 ${\pm}$ 1.82 years, 161.86 ${\pm}$ 4.51cm, 53.49 ${\pm}$ 7.02kg, and 20.43 ${\pm}$ 2.65kg/㎡, respectively. The group with BMI of under 20 (the lean group) comprised 48.9% : the group with BMI of 20 to 25 (the normal group) comprised 44.4% and the group with BMI of over 25 (the obese group) comprised 6.7% of the subjects. Even though the lean and the normal groups were determined according to BMI. 12.5% of the lean group and 31.3% of the normal group had more than 25% body fat. Of the students, 11.5% of the lean group, 25.0% of the normal group and 58.3% of the obese group had of more than 0.8 waist/Hip Ratio (WHR). The medical problems suffered by the subjects were constipation (24.4%), gastroenteritis (20.6%), anemia(15.0%) and edema(13.3%), which was a result of their eating habits. Out of all the subjects, 27.2% ingested their meals irregularly, 74.4% skipped breakfast, and 92.4% of the lean group, 89.2% of the normal group and 81.8% of the obese group ingested snacks on a daily basis. Their favorite types of snacks were cookies breads and cakes (33.7%), spicy sliced rice cakes pork sausage and boiled fish cakes (18.5%), fruits (15.2%), juices and sodas (13.5%) and hamburgers and pizzas (3.9%). Their consumption of high calorie and processed foods was high, Of the subjects, 38.9% ate out daily. 45.1% had tried weight loss. Those with large upper bodies comprised 11.5%, large intermediate bodies 18.5% and large lower bodies 69.0%. Most of the students were dissatisfied with their body snaps. Of the subjects, 95.1% exercised irregularly. Daily physical activity tended to increase significantly with an increase in BMI : the lean group's average energy consumption was 1509.40㎉ the normal group's was 1792.21㎉ and the obese group's was 2334.63㎉, which were below the recommended value. This study suggests that the maintenance of an ideal weight, the improvement of eating habits and adequate exercise are needed for female college students to improve their health and nutritional status. (J Community Nutrition 5(1) 21∼28, 2003)

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 1995

Bone mass accretion during puberty appears to be critical in the development of peak bone mass. Although bone density of females in Korea has been studied, only a few studies have related bone mass with anthropometric patterns or puberty in the pubescent girls. This study was conducted as part of a study of major determinants of bone development during puberty. Subjects were aged 14∼16 yr(mean 14.97), and had no history of disorders or dedication use likely to influence bone or calcium metabolism. Bone mineral density and content were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry using a Lunar DPX+Scanner (Lunar Madison, WI). Also, total body fat, and total lean body mass were assessed using a Lunar DPX dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer, Pubertal status was assessed according to the Marshall and Tanner guidelines. Serum levels of osteocalcin was measured by RIA using a commercial kit assay. Skinfold measurements were taken with a skinfold caliper(Lange Caliper, USA). Data were analyzed using the regression and GLM procedure of the statistical package SAS. The results indicated that the observed means for lumbar spine BMD and femoral BMD correspond to approximately 91% and 96% of the means for young adult females, respec tively. All subjects were menarchal, with the majority being in the middle to end stages of pubertal development. Total body BMD was positively related to fat mass(P<0.001), lean body mass and time since menarche, and negatively related to urine pyridinoline, serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. The data indicate that girls who reported lower age for menarche had significantly higher bone densities than girls who reported higher age for menarche. Attaining peak skeletal bone mass during puberty may reduce the incidence of osteoporosis in later life. this finding suggests that early menarche may augment peak bone mass, influencing the extent of bone loss later in adulthood. The results suggest that good nutrition in childhood appears to be needed not for growth and development, but possibly also to assure an optimal peak of bone mass and thus greater latitude for the maintenance or skeletal integrity in the face of bone losses. Troeps skinfold thickness was a better predictor of total BMD and total BMC than was any other skinfold thickness. The study did not find a relationship between total BMD and body fat %, but total fat was significantly positively related to total BMD(r=0.49) and total BMC(r=0.60). It supports earlier report that there was a significant correlation between TBMD and body weight. Conclusively, total fat, lean body mass and pubertal development could influence BMD in pubescent girls. Clearly, longitudinal studies are required to assess the effect of puberty on peak bone mass, and to define further the potential determinants of peak bone mass.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1529-1534
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• 2008

The aim of this study was directed at exploring the possible use of muscle fiber characteristics as new selection traits for improving both porcine lean meat production and quality. A total of 174 (114 Yorkshire, 30 Landrace, and 30 Meishan) pigs were used for this study, and lean meat production ability was estimated by backfat thickness and loin eye area. The Longissimus dorsi muscle was taken in order to measure meat quality and muscle fiber characteristics. Due to the high correlations between total muscle fiber number and most of the performance traits, all pigs were classified into three groups (low, intermediate, or high) by total muscle fiber number using cluster analysis. The high group had the highest loin eye area (p<0.001). The meat quality traits were within normal ranges as reddish pink, firm, and nonexudative (RFN) pork, but the groups classified as intermediate and high had relatively large drip loss percentages (p<0.05), produced more than twice the amount of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork as compared to the low group. The group with a high total muscle fiber number was further classified, based on type 2b fiber percentage, into low or high groups by cluster analysis. The results showed that the low type 2b fiber group had good loin eye area (p<0.05), small drip loss (p<0.05), and did not produce PSE pork. For these reasons, a high total muscle fiber number, with a low percentage of type 2b fibers, may be suitable in selecting for improvements in both lean meat production and meat quality.