• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2002

전북, 경남, 강원, 경기지역에서 수집한 16개의 수집종 삽주의 정량적 특성을 비교하고, 다변량 분석법에 의하여 수집종 삽주의 유연관계를 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 함양1 수집종이 초장 86.2cm, 주당잎수 117.6개, 화경수 34.3개로 가장 좋았고, 수도1 수집종이 경수가 12개로 가장 많았다. 또한, 엽연거치는 평균 1.6mm로 모두 존재하였다. 삽주속 식물의 잎의 형태는 단엽과 장상복엽(3출엽)이 주로 존재하였고, 엽형은 타원형이 가장 많았다. 주요 18개의 형질을 대상으로 다변량 분석법에 의한 16개 수집종 삽주는 3개의 계통군으로 분류할 수 있었으며 제 1군에 속하는 진안1, 진안2 수집종과 제 3군에 속하는 정수, 거제 수집종이 유연관계가 가장 먼 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.285-296
• /
• 2003

The measurement of the radiation energy, trunk temperature, leaf area index (LAI), air temperature, vapor pres-sure, and precipitation has been conducted under a mixed forest at Kwangneung Arboretum during the period of 2001. Characteristics of the diurnal and seasonal variation of the radiative energy were investigated. The aerodynamic roughness length was determined as about 1.6 m and the mean albedo was about 0.1 The downward short-wave radiation was linearly correlated with the net radiation and its correlation coefficient was about 0.96. From this linear relation, the heating coefficient was calculated and its annual mean value was about 0.21 The albedo and heating coefficient was varied with season, surface characteristics, and meteorological conditions. The diurnal and seasonal variations of radiation energy were discussed in terms of the surface characteristics and meteorological conditions. In the daytime, during clear skies, net radiation was dominated by the shortwave radiation. In presence of clouds and fog, the radiation energy was diminished. At night, the net radiation was entirely dominated due to the net longwave radiation. There was no distinct diurnal variation in net radiation flux during the overcast or rainy days. The net radiation was strongest in spring and weakest in winter. The seasonal development in leaf area was also reflected in a strong seasonal pattern of the radiation energy balance. The timing, duration, and maximum leaf area and trunk temperature were found to be an important control on radiation energy budget. The trunk temperature was either equal or warmer than air temperature during most of the growing season because the canopy could absorb a substantial amount of sunlight. After autumn (after the middle of October), the trunk temperature was consistently cooler than air temperature.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2010

부착규조류는 초기 부착 생물로서 부착 천이과정에서 부착성 박테리아 층 위 해초 잎 표면 맨 아래 층에 부착함으로써 잎 표면의 미세 지형을 결정하고 다른 부착 생물에게 알맞은 부착환경을 제공해 주는 중요 생물로 부착 기질과의 상호 작용에 대한 연구는 부착 생물 생태 연구에 기초적인 연구라고 할 수 있다. 부착규조류가 해초에 부착 서식하는 형태는 크게 3가지로 나눌 수 있으며 1) 해초 잎 세포에 평행하게 또는 세포 변형을 통한 부착 2) 해초 잎 끝부분에 주로 밀집하여 서식 3) 잎의 끝에서 2차 부착 규조류인 줄기를 이용한 규조류보다 1차 부착규조류인 타원형의 규조류 밀집 지역이 많은 것이었다. 또한, 해초의 종별 규조류의 부착 군집 변화를 살펴보면 우선 길이와 너비의 차이가 많으나 세포의 모양이나 크기가 비슷한 Z. marina와 Z. japonica는 규조류의 출현종수, 현존량, 우점종의 차이가 컸던 반면 길이와 너비는 비슷하나 세포의 모양과 크기가 다른 Z. marina와 Z. caespitosa의 경우에는 규조류의 출현종수, 현존량, 우점종이 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 해초의 미세지형이 될 수 있는 세포의 모양보다 해초의 길이와 너비 등 외형의 차이가 부착규조류 군집 변화의 주요 원인인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 1994

A tobacco ripeness grading meter was designed and constructed using the color sensor, its performance was evaluated. A degree of ripeness grading of a leaf is very closely related to the measured tobacco leaf color. Measuring the small amount of the reflectance precisely depends on the apparatus including color sensor, light source, detector sensitivity, and geometric characteristics of appratus. To analyze and minimize the variational effects, experiments to select the proper condition were performed. Because of the combined effect mentioned above, the system has some variation on its response. Basis on the results of the experiments, prototype was developed and interfaced to a computer system. The main components of prototype included a tungsten lamp as a light source, Amorphous full color sensor with three filters, regulated D.C. power supply, OP - AMP(741 TC) for amplification, AR - B3001 board for interfacing to a computer with analog to digital conversion, and a compatible IBM PC XT computer. The experimental results of the developed ripeness tobacco leaf measurement system are summarized as following: [1] The output readings of ripeness grade meter for tobacco leaf, which is based on harvesting time, showed the apparent difference in variety of different quality. It was considered suitable that three filters(red, green, blue) in Amorphous full color sensor could be used in four different ripeness degree measurement of tobacco leaf. [2] The output readings of ripeness grade meter for tobacco leaf, which is based on government procurement, showed apparent difference in variety of different quality. Tobacco leaf varieties to stalk position are divided into tips, leaf, cutters, and primings, It is considered suitable that only red filter in the sensor could be used to classify the grade of tobacco leaf within the same kind tobacco stalk. However, the ripeness grade meter was not adequate to classify all the tobacco grades in the four different tobacco leaves.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.55-59
• /
• 1993

형개의 잎, 줄기 및 화수의 정유함율 및 정유구성성분을 생육시기별로 비교 분석하여 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 형개의 정유함율은 잎이 줄기나 화수에 비하여 월등히 높았으며 영양성장기부터 개화 후반결관까지 생육이 진전됨에 따라 잎과 줄기의 정유함율은 증가하였다. 2. 정유성분의 구성은 잎과 화수의 경우는 d-menthone과 l-pulegone이 56～71%의 함유 비율을 나타내었으며, 줄기는 21～26%의 함유비율을 보이고 잎과 화수에 거의 나타나지 않는 두 물질이 확인 되었다. 3. 잎의 정유성분구성은 생육후기로 갈수록 d-menthone은 생육초기에 많았다가 후기에 증가하는 반면에 l-pulegone은 점차 감소하여 두가지 주정유성분의 함유비율이 서로 반대로 나타났다. 4. 형개의 정유 성분 평가를 위하여 주요 성분의 생약 약리학적인 검토가 필요하다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제38권3호통권150호
• /
• pp.270-276
• /
• 2007

To evaluate the leaf shoots and stem barks of Kalopanax pictus (Araliaceae) as an edible vegetable and a traditional medicinal drug, respectively, the compounds of syringin, liriodendrin, astragalin, quercetin, and kalopanaxsaponins were quantitatively measured by HPLC analysis. The leaf shoot exhibited low contents of syringin, liriodendrin and kalopanaxsaponins but a high chlorogenic acid content, whereas the grown leaves contained very high amounts of kalopananxsaponins. In contrast, the stem bark had very high amounts of syringin and liriodendrin and relatively low kalopanaxsaponins. In particular, the kalopanaxsaponin contents were rapidly increased with monthly variation until October but decreased from September. It was also observed that the leaf shoot contained chlorogenic acid by 30.73 mg/g and the barks showed the concentration of liriodendrin by 20.75 mg/g. These results indicate that high contents of syringin and liriodendrin in the stem bark and high contents of chlorogenic acid in the leaf shoot support scientific bases on the traditional uses of K. pictus as a medicinal drug and a functional food, respectively.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.171-175
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 국내에 있는 자생포플러, 도입포플러, 교잡종포플러 15개 클론 삽목묘의 잎녹병에 대한 감수성을 규명하고 저항성 클론을 선발하기 위해 수행되었다. 각 개체별 잎녹병 피해도는 감염된 잎을 경, 중, 심으로 구분하여 일정한 점수를 부여한 후 한 나무당 감염된 잎의 비율로서 추정하였다. 실험에 포함된 15개 포플러 클론들 중 Dorskamp, 봉화 1, 현사시 3이 한국에서 만연하고 있는 Melampsora 잎녹병균에 저항성이 높은 클론으로 선발되었는데 이들 중 봉화 1과 현사시 3은 포플러 6개 절(section)중 Leuce 절에 속하고Dorskamp는 Aigeiros 절에 속한다. 특히 Dorskamp는 외관상으로도 잎녹병에 감염된 잎이 현저히 적어 포플러잎녹병 저항성 품종으로 추천할 만한 클론인 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2003

To investigate the effects of reduction of leaf processing factories on the uniformity of processed leaf quality, the contents and their C.V.(Coefficient of Variation) of chemical constituents of flue-cured leaf tobacco produced from 1997 to 2001 and processed at various factories were analysed. The average leaf chemical contents of 12 grades for 5 years ranged as follows ; nicotine 2.00∼0.85%. total sugar 10.7∼16.9%, total nitrogen 2.36∼2.78%, crude ash 14.6∼15.6% and chlorine 0.50∼0.75%. The variations of chemical contents among crop years was higher in total sugar content while lower in crude ash content. The C.V. of chemical content in same grade leaves was higher in chlorine content while lower in total nitrogen and crude ash contents, and the ratio of C.V. among processing factories/C.V. in total population was higher in total sugar content while lower in crude ash content. When the leaves were processed at one factory, the deviations of chemical contents reduced considerably. Particularly, the decreasing effect of deviation was higher in total sugar content.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.173-180
• /
• 2008

Diurnal variation of the flow over a forest canopy on a mountain slope is simulated numerically. In the daytime, the earth surface is heated by the solar radiation and the flow goes up the mountain due to the buoyancy force, and during the night, the air is drained downward along the slope owing to the cooling of the surface by radiation. In this flow process the forest canopy that consists of leaf region and the trunk region plays a dominant role as a momentum sink to the flow, thus the modeling of the leaf area region and trunk region is critical to the successful flow simulation. In the present study, a field measurement in an experimental forest in the State of Oregon in the United States is numerically analyzed. The resistance to the flow in the leaf region is directly related to the leaf area density (LAD), and the trunk is modeled as a cylinder.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2004

Phragmites australis is the dominant and constructive species among plant communities in the wetlands of the downstream of Yellow River, China. Its morphological characters were high variable in different habitats. Studies on Morphological and RAPD variation of 15 P. australis populations from this region showed that soil salinity was the dominant ecological factor that affected the morphological characters of P. australis. The basal diameter, height, leaf length, leaf width, internode length, internode accounts, panicle length were negatively related to salinity. 194 loci were amplified by RAPD, of which 9 loci was highly negative-related to salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the habitats with fresh water. 4 loci were positively related to the salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the salinized habitats. Most loci were neutral to salinity. The morphological and genetic characters of BZH were special, and the speciality should not be determined by salinity. The morphological characters were affected by genetic information and environment. The morphological characters should change gradually and continuously along environmental gradient under plasticity, but should changed continuously or not in genetic control. The relevancies among quantitive characters, ecological factors and genetic variation in natural populations still will still be a focus and difficulty of ecological genetics of P. australis in the future.