• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2009

E. japonica is a well-known medicinal plant in Japan. The leaves of E. japonica were reported to have a hypoglycemic action. However, seeds of E. japonica are discarded and not used. To elucidate for anti-diabetic effects of E. japonica, Type 2 diabetic mice were allocated to control group, E. japonica leaf, and seed extract group. Animals were fed a 2018S Teklad global 18% protein rodent diet. Animals were received daily oral injections of E. japonica leaf or seed extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks. Body weight, food intake and water intake, and total adipose tissue weight of animals were significantly reduced by feeding of E. japonica leaf extract. All E. japonica extract groups significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, size of adipocytes and serum adiponectins. However, they did not have a beneficial effect on the serum triglyceride and cholesterol in the diabetic animals. These results suggest that E. japonica seed and leaf extracts have a antidiabetic effect by controlling of blood glucose and decrease of size of adipocytes in db/db mice and seed extract is more effective in hypoglycemic action than leaf extract.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.132.3-133
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• 2003

Leaf blight of kudzu ( Pueraria lobata ) was found in Jeonbuk province in 2002. The main symptoms appeared as leaf blight and showed yellowing and wilting. The causal pathogen of the leaf blight was isolated from symptomed kudzu leaf and produced white to cream, usually floccose mycelium. It readily formed reddish orange mycelium on PDA. It produced typical microconidia and macroconidia. The microconidia were the reniform. The macroconidia were wide, slightly curved, usually 3 to 4 septate and size was 45 ∼ 85 ${\times}$ 5 ∼ l0$\mu\textrm{m}$. The pathogen produced chlamydospore singly on short hyphal branches within 2 to 3 weeks, which was hyaline, globose, and smooth walled. The pathogen was, therefore, identified as Fusarium solani based on cultural and morphological characters. This is the first report on the leaf blight of kudzu caused by Fusarium solani in Korea.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2001

The experiments were carried out to investigate effect of shading rare on variegata appearance and leaf growth of variegated liriope (Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang variegata Hort.) The plant was grown under four different light intensities such as 0(natural light intensity), 25, 50 and 75% shading conditions. Leaf variegata appearance was better in the light than in the shade. Leaf showed good growth at 0, 25% shading treatment, average leaf width and area of yellow part were highest at 0% shading treatment. As increased shading rate, number of stomate per unit area decreased. Total chlorophyll of the whole leaf and green part were reduced by increasing shading rate, while yellow part showed oppositely. In the epidermis, cell size of 75% shading treatment showed larger than those of 0% shading treatment.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2007

Mungbean plants generally have a relatively close canopy, thus a large amount of self-shading can reduce yield due to poor light penetration. Modification of leaflet type can affect leaf canopy and could alter seed yield. Two multiple leaflet mutants were obtained from gamma-ray irradiation and used to study the mode of inheritance related to leaflet types and to evaluate their agronomic features. The cross between large-heptafoliate leaflet with small-pentafoliate leaflet mutants produce all $F_1$ plants with normal trifoliate leaflets. The $F_2$ plants segregated in leaflet size and leaflet number into a 9:3:3:1 ratio of large-trifoliate: large-heptafoliate: small-pentafoliate: small-heptafoliate plants, suggesting that independent loci control leaflet size and leaflet number. Regarding leaflet number, the $F_2$ population can be classified into normal-trifoliate, small-pentafoliate, large-heptafoliate, and small-heptafoliate at the dihybrid ratio of 9:3:3:1. The gene symbols $N_1,n_1$ and $N_2,n_2$ are proposed to represent leaflet number. Since no plant was found with large-pentafoliate leaflets, we hypothesize that the $N_2$ allele expresses pleiotropic effect on both leaflet number and leaflet size. Another possibility is that an additional locus with S and s alleles controls leaflet size and S is tightly linked with $N_2$. The effect of multifoliate leaflet on yield and yield components was evaluated in four mungbean families each with four leaflet isolines under three environments. Averaging across the families and environments, the normal-trifoliate and large-heptafoliate lines gave higher yield than small pentafoliate and heptafoliate ones. These two large leaflet lines also had higher leaf area per plant than the other multifoliate lines. Therefore, the mungbean lines with a greater leaf area, which were likely to intercept more sunlight, gave greater yield. Three AFLP markers that were found to be linked to number of leaflets per leaf, corresponded to the N1 allele of the smallpentafoliate parent.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제19권
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• pp.47-51
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• 1975

중부이남 각지역에서 수집한 727계통의 재래종에 대한 1엽당 엽면적을 측정하고, 이 형질과 이이외의 몇가지 형질들과의 관련성을 조사하였다. 1. 엽면적, 엽장, 엽폭 그리고 엽형지수이전계통에 대한 평균치는 각각 111.4$\textrm{cm}^2$, 12.2cm, 9.1cm, 그리고 1.35이였으며, 이들의 분포는 정규분포에 극히 유사하였다. 2. 엽면적과 엽장, 엽폭, 초장 그리고 종실의 크기와는 고도의 정의 상관관계에 있고, 분지수와는 부의 상관이였고, 절수와 수량과의 상관성이 인정되지 않았다. 한편 엽형지수와 엽면적, 엽장, 그리고 수량간에는 상관이 없었으나, 엽폭과는 고도의 상관관계에 있으므로 엽형은 엽장보다 엽폭변이에 의존하는 것 같다.3. 공시집단을 대엽군과 소엽군으로 분류하고 양군간에 종실수량, 초장 및 절수를 비교한즉 차이가 없었으나, 종실종, 분지수 그리고 엽형지수는 양군간에 유의한 차가 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.329-338
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• 2021

Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most common diseases in watermelon worldwide. In Korea, however, the Alternaria species causing the watermelon leaf blight have not been investigated thoroughly. A total of 16 Alternaria isolates was recovered from diseased watermelon leaves with leaf blight symptoms, which were collected from 14 fields in Korea. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) were not competent to differentiate the Alternaria isolates. On the contrary, analysis of amplicon size of the histone H3 (HIS3) gene successfully differentiated the isolates into three Alternaria subgroups, and further sequence analysis of them identified three Alternaria spp. Alternaria tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata. Representative Alternaria isolates from three species induced dark brown leaf spot lesions on detached watermelon leaves, indicating that A. tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata are all causal agents of Alternaria leaf blight. Our results indicate that the Alternaria species associated watermelon leaf blight in Korea is more complex than reported previously. This is the first report regarding the population structure of Alternaria species causing watermelon leaf blight in Korea.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2007

자연 군락으로 자라고 있는 은방울꽃 개체군의 개체 내 각 기관들간의 상호관계, 생식기관의 변화, 종자의 생산량과 개체의 크기와의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 경기도 광주시 남종면 귀여 2리에서 2002년 4월부터 8월까지 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 두 가지로 나누어 실시하였는데, 하나는 생식기관의 변화를 알아보기 위해 영구 방형구를 설치하였고, 다른 하나는 각 기관들의 상관관계와 종자생산의 에너지 분배를 파악하기 위해 채취한 시료를 실험실로 운반하여 분석하였다. 첫째, 은방울꽂 개체군의 특성에서 영구 방형구 내 개화하는 개체의 잎 장수는 평균 2장이었고, 나중에 나온 잎의 크기가 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 개체 당 평균 7.9개의 꽃을 피우며, 나중에는 평균 5.4개의 열매를 맺고, 평균 16.1개의 종자를 생산하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 잎의 크기, 지하부의 크기 및 생식기관의 각 속성들간에는 1% 및 5%내의 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 은방울꽂의 개화 시기는 4월 26일부터 5월 11일까지였으며, 이로부터 추정한 개화지속기간은 대략 $8{\sim}9$일이었다. 5월초에 개화한 개체 중 80%가 5월말에 열매로 남았고, 8월말에는 68%가 열매로 남아있었다. 넷째, 생산된 종자의 건중량은 총엽면적보다 지하부의 건중량과 더 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.637-646
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• 2020

Background and objective: The main objective of this study is to measure the amount of particulate matter (PM) reduction under different characteristics of leaves in 18 different species of indoor plants. Methods: First, a particular amount of PM was added to the glass chambers (0.9×0.86×1.3 m) containing the indoor plant (height = 40 ± 20 cm), and the PM concentration were measured at 2-hour intervals. The experiment with the same conditions was conducted in the empty chamber as the control plot. Results: The range of PM reduction per unit leaf area of 18 species of experimental plants was 3.3-286.2 ㎍·m^-2 leaf, total leaf area was 1,123-4,270 cm², and leaf thickness was 0.14-0.80 mm and leaf size 2.27-234.47 cm². As time passed, the concentration of PM decreased more in the chamber with plants than in the empty chamber. Among the 18 indoor plants, the ones with the greatest reduction in PM2.5 in 2 hours and 4 hours of exposure to PM2.5 were Pachira aquatica and Dieffenbachia amoena. As the exposure time of PM increased, the efficiency of reducing PM2.5 was higher in plants with medium-sized leaves than plants with large or small leaves. The effect of reducing PM2.5 was higher in linear leaves than round or lobed leaves. Plants with high total leaf area did not have advantage in reducing PM because the leaves were relatively small and there were many overlapping parts between leaves. In the correlation between leaf characteristics and PM 2.5 reductions, all leaf area and leaf thickness showed a negative and leaf size showed a positive correlation with PM reduction. Conclusion: The PM reduction effect of plants with medium-sized leaves and long linear leaves was relatively high. Moreover, plants with a large total leaf area without overlapping leaves will have advantaged in reducing PM. Plants are effective in reducing PM, and leaf characteristics are an important factor that affects PM reduction.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권5_1호
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• pp.457.2-486
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• 1998

Ecological success of introduced species is frequently attributed to the reproductive characters of those species. We examined the relationship between both flowering season and plant size and reproductive characters in two introduced species of Taraxacum, e.g., T. officinale and T.laevigatum. Seventy six plants of T. officinale and 23 plants of T. laevigatum were randomly tagged from a population at the sungshin Women's University in April of 1997. The size and number of vegetative characters such as rosette diameter, leaf number, and the largest leaf length and width were measured for each plant at the onset of flowering. The infructescence was collected continually from each plant before seed dispersal from April to August of 1997. The number of infructescence per plant, and seed number and total seed weight per infructescence were measured. Mean individual seed weight per infructescence was also obtained. T. officinale possessed larger sized, but smaller number of, leaves than T. laevigatum, thereby resulting in no significant difference in total leaf area. There was a trend that vegetatively larger plants in both of these species produced reproductive characters larger in size or greater in number, except for seed number and total seed weight per infructescence in T. laevigatum. All reproductive characters examined in T. officinale decreased toward the end of flowering season. In T. laevigatum, infructescence number per plant also declined during a flowering season: however, mean seed number per infructescence increaed toward the end of flowering season with no significant seasonal change in the total seed weight per infructescence. T. officinale produced on average about twice as many seeds per plant as T. laevigatum during a growing season. These two Taraxacum species produced quite small seeds in size compared to the endemic species, exhibiting a far better dispersal ability of introduced species. These data demonstrate that most reproductive characters decline in size and number in both species during a long flowering period, but the two species appear to employ different strategies to achieve reproductive success in disturbed habitats.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2005

딸기 기내배양으로부터 고빈도 식물체재생 방법을 개발하기 위하여 여봉딸기의 잎과 엽병절편을 0.5 mg/L IBA와 3.2 mg/L kinetin, BAP, zeatin을 각각 조합 첨가한 MS배지에서, 그리고 1주, 2주, 4주동안 암 전처리한 잎 절편을 0.5 mg/L IBA와 3.2 mg/L zeatin이 첨가된 배지에서 6주동안 16시간 광주기 조건으로 배양하였다. 신초 발생은 잎을 adaxial상태로 치상하였을때 절단부위로부터 안토시아닌 색소를 함유한 녹색 캘러스로부터 유도되었고 (57.0%), 엽병의 경우 절단부위로부터 직접 발생되었다(6.3%). 캘러스와 신초발생율은 잎 절편 크기가 클수록 ($1.0{\sim}1.5\;cm^2$) 높았으며, 암 전처리는 그 발생율을 점차 증가시켜 4주동안 암 전처리한 후 16시간 광조건으로 옮겼을 때 가장 높은 발생율 (87.0%)을 얻을 수 있었다. 이러한 shoot발생율 (87%)은 암 전처리를 하지 않은 대조군 (27%) 에 비하여 현저하게 증가된 것이다. 신초를 분리하여 1/2 MS기본배지에 옮겨20동안 배양하였을 때 뿌리가 발생되었으며, 이때 소식물체를 토양에 옮겨 순화시켰다.