• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.558-562
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• 2014

Cover cropping and liquid manure application are considered as effective ways to replace the use of chemical fertilizer in orchard. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cover crop species and liquid manure application rate on green manure production, leaf mineral content, fruit quality and soil chemical properties in pear orchard. The treatments include rye and hairy vetch as cover crops, two liquid manure application levels based on N and $K_2O$ requirement on each cover crop species, and chemical fertilizer as control. Green manure production was higher in hairy vetch than in rye. K content of pear leaves and soil exchangeable K content increased in N based liquid manure application treatments. The yield was higher in rye + liquid manure and fertilizer treatments, and fruit quality was not different between the treatments. Taking all of these into account, rye + $K_2O$ requirement-based liquid manure application is recommended in pear orchard for not only sufficient nutrient supply but also prevention of any problem related with soil $K_2O$ accumulation in pear orchard in long-term perspective.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제8권
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• pp.39-59
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• 2001

다엽의 생산은 기후나 지리적인 특성을 가지고 있다. 이같은 생산의 특징은 북차가 전라 남북도, 제주도, 경상남도의 농민에게는 유리한 소득작목으로 기회가 주어지고 있다. 다엽 의 생산을 통하여 생산자는 소득개발작목으로 생산시스템을 개발하고, 소비자는 문화적인 삶의 질을 향상시키는 효율적인 소비시스템을 모색하는 과점을 통하여 유통시스템의 변화 와 발전을 고찰하고자 한다. 생산과 소비의 시스템 변화에 대응하여 유통시스템은 단순히 생산된 것을 유통시키거나 구색을 변환하여 유통시키는 방법에 더하며, 소비자의 요구를 생산자측에 전달하여 신제품 의 개발을 촉진하는 매개로서의 역할을 수행해야한다. 또한 유통시스템은 공급이 수요를 창조하는 새로운 매커니즘으로의 역할이 강조되고 있다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 1970

The present experiments differning from that conducted by agriculturists with the first consideration of food or seed production were performed in order to investigate the density effect on dry matter production in the artified population of maize. Three experimental plots were established and one seed was sown in the first plot, 2 seeds in the second plot and 3 seeds in the third plot, respectively. The space of each ridge was designed with 30cm in width and 50cm in length. The space of each seed was 4cm and the growth amount by density was measured through three times. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The total growth amount per unit area was in the order of the third, second and first plots until the second sampling. At the third sampling the whole plots showed almost the same growth amount except the first plot which showed a slightly smaller amount. 2) The growth amount per individual plant was in the order of the third, second and first plots until the second sampling, while the first plot showed drastic growth compared with the other two plots at the third sampling. 3) The growth amount by each organ(leaf, stem and root) of the plant body was markedly abundant in the stem of the non-productive part compared with that in the leaf of the productive part. Especially the root was affected remarkably by density and the first plot showed an abundant growth in comparison with the other plots which were too poor to resist the gound surface.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.46-46
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• 2017

We developed a rice simulation model for remote-sensing (SIMRIW-RS, Homma et al., 2007) to evaluate rice production and management on a regional scale. Here, we reports its application trial to estimate rice production in farmers' fields in Sendai, Japan. The remote-sensing data for the application was periodically obtained by multispectral camera (RGB + NIR and RedEdge) attached with unmanned air vehicle (UAV). The airborne images was 8 cm in resolution which was attained by the flight at an altitude of 115 m. The remote-sensing data was relatively corresponded with leaf area index (LAI) of rice and its spatial and temporal variation, although the correspondences had some errors due to locational inaccuracy. Calibration of the simulation model depended on the first two remote-sensing data (obtained around one month after transplanting and panicle initiation) well predicted rice growth evaluated by the third remote-sensing data. The parameters obtained through the calibration may reflect soil fertility, and will be utilized for nutritional management. Although estimation accuracy has still needed to be improved, the rice yield was also well estimated. These results recommended further data accumulation and more accurate locational identification to improve the estimation accuracy.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1971

Dry matter production, leaf area growth and total nitrogen changes were studied in Glycine max. soybean communities, which were grown in sandy loam soils controlled to provide various moisture levels, i.e., 5-7%(level 1), 8-10%(level 2), 11-13%(level 3), 14-15%(lev디 4), 17-20%(level 5) and 22-24%(level 6). A summary of the results is shown. The maximum dry matter production of leaves, stems and nodules and the maximum leaf area per unit area were at level 5, but the maximum of root dry matter production was at level 4. Total nitrogen content of the soybean plant decreased with growth, but each level of soil moisture content also showed a little difference. Water content of the plant decreased with plant age and soil water deficiency, especially in roots and nodules. Nodule formation increased in proportion to soil moisture content. total nitrogen content of the soil on which the soybeans grew, increased from 0.23% before sowing to 0.30% at 100 days after sowing. It seems that soil water content acts as a linear factor in the elongation or dry weight increase of shoots and roots until increasing to level 5. Considering the pattern of plant growth through analysis of the shoot and root dry weight ratio, or the photosynthetic organ and non-photosynthetic organ dry weight ratio, the asymptote of plant growth at a high soil water content exceeded that at a low soil water content.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2021

This study was to investigate defense mechanisms on cassava induced by salicylic acid formulation (SA) against anthracnose disease. Our results indicated that the SA could reduce anthracnose severity in cassava plants up to 33.3% under the greenhouse condition. The 𝛽-1,3-glucanase and chitinase enzyme activities were significantly increased at 24 hours after inoculation (HAI) and decrease at 48 HAI after Colletotrichum gloeosporioides challenge inoculation, respectively, for cassava treated with SA formulation. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy spectra revealed changes of the C=H stretching vibration (3,000-2,800 cm^-1), pectin (1,740-1,700 cm^-1), amide I protein (1,700-1,600 cm^-1), amide II protein (1,600-1,500 cm^-1), lignin (1,515 cm^-1) as well as mainly C-O-C of polysaccharides (1,300-1,100 cm^-1) in the leaf epidermal and mesophyll tissues treated with SA formulations, compared to those treated with fungicide carbendazim and distilled water after the challenged inoculation with C. gloeosporioides. The results indicate that biochemical changes in cassava leaf treated with SA played an important role in the enhancement of structural and chemical defense mechanisms leading to reduced anthracnose severity.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.602-612
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 잣나무 잎으로 70% 에탄올 추출물과 증류수 추출물을 얻은 후 항산화 효과, 항염증, 미백효과 등 다양한 효과를 검증하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 항산화 실험 결과, 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 효과에서는 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량이 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량은 증류수 추출물에 비해 에탄올 추출물에서 높은 것으로 확인되었다. B16F10, RAW264.7 세포에서 농도별로 세포독성이 나타나지 않았으며, NO 생성 억제능 측정 결과, LPS로 유도된 NO 생성을 효과적으로 억제하여 항염증 활성이 있을 것으로 예측되었다. 멜라닌 생합성 억제능 측정결과, 유의한 감소효과를 확인하였으며, western blot을 수행하여 MITF, Tyrosinase 단백질 발현억제 실험결과, 농도 의존적으로 현저히 억제됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구결과로부터 잣나무 잎추출물은 화장품 소재로서의 다양한 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.138-138
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• 2017

Agriculture is the most primitive civilized Activities of mankind but also the propellant of civilization development. Because it is the most basic material goods source of mankind. Among these materials rice is one of the most important part of these, we call them the substance of survival. From the beginning of the agricultural activities to the present we have experienced three industrial revolutions and are experiencing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. With the development of science and technology makes the efficiency of agricultural production is higher and higher, but compared with the original we are facing the same problem: natural disasters; pests and diseases; now also face the depletion of resources, environmental degradation and other issues. Therefore, improve and cultivate new crop varieties to make it better resistance and more production for better develop modern agriculture. It's very helpful for human social development. And also it is the responsibility and task of modern molecular breeding. In this study, I used bacterial leaf blight to find a better resistance gene to improve the resistance of rice. Frist Cultivate k3 of bacterial leaf blight, than inoculation by leaf clipping method (Kauffman,1973) in CNDH and SNDH population at 40days after rice transplanting. Check the lesion length by inoculation plants at 14days after inoculation, and record data for QTL analysis program. Than I get 4 intervals in 3 different chromosomal regions. I found these defense genes in the 4 intervals. So I used NCBI Justbio, Rapdb, etc. to finding these genes in physical map, than design primer for map base cloning. At last these defense genes will be employed in further research for introduction of the gene to the parental plant and rice breeding for solving food crisis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2023

본 연구는 Rosa davurica Pall. 잎 추출물의 염증 억제 효과 및 그 조절 기전을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. Rosa davurica Pall. 잎 추출물의 항염 평가는 LPS로 자극한 Raw 264.7 대식세포에서 생성되는 NO와 iNOS 분석을 통해 확인하였다. Rosa davurica Pall. 추출물의 처리는 농도의존적으로 LPS에 의한 NO 생성과 iNOS 단백질의 발현을 유의미하게 억제하였고 500 ㎍/ml의 고농도에서는 세포 독성을 나타내었다. Rosa davurica Pall. 추출물은 LPS에 의해 인산화된 IκB 발현을 억제하였고 LPS에 의해 활성화된 NF-κB의 인산화를 약화시킴으로써 NF-κB의 활성화를 억제하였다. 또한, NF-κB signaling 특이 저해제인 PDTC와 Rosa davurica Pall. 추출물의 동시 처리는 각각 처리군에 비해 NO 생성과 iNOS 단백질 발현을 더욱 억제하였다. 이상의 결과는 Rosa davurica Pall. 추출물이 NF-κB signaling 조절에 의해 NO 생성을 억제함으로써 LPS에 의한 대식세포 염증 반응을 제어하고 있음을 제시해 주고 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1383-1388
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• 2001

To explore the factors restricting animal performance in relation to sward structure under a strip-grazing system, measurements of sward factors, herbage intake and milk production at 3 levels of herbage allowance were made on perennial ryegrass (Latium perenne L.) sward for 3 experimental periods. About 29%, 36% and 52% of the biomass offered was removed by grazing in high $(42kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$, medium $(30kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$ and low $(18kg\;OM{\cdot}day^{-1}{\cdot}head^{-1})$ herbage allowance plots. Live leaf material was much more affected by grazing under different herbage allowance levels than dead material or leaf sheath. Grazing with a low herbage allowance decreased the proportion of live lamina by 93% and live lamina density by 96% before grazing. The density of dead material plus sheath was decreased by 17% after grazing at a low allowance, while it slightly increased or remained constant in the plots applied with high and medium allowances, respectively. The highly significant (p<0.01) correlations between herbage allowance and proportion (r=0.94) and density (r=0.91) of live lamina in residual sward after grazing were observed. Daily herbage intakes in the plots with high and medium levels of herbage allowance were not significantly different at $15.3kg\;OM{\cdot}head^{-1}$ in average, whereas with low level it decreased to $13.9kg\;OM{\cdot}head^{-1}$. Daily milk production was significantly (p<0.05) declined from $22.3kg{\cdot}head^{-1}$ (at high herbage allowance) to $19.7kg{\cdot}head^{-1}$ (at low herbage allowance). The data obtained clearly indicated that herbage intake and milk production were highly affected by the characteristics of residual sward, which were closely related to the level of herbage allowance.