• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2003

신농약 개발을 목적으로 isosterism 이론을 근거로 하여 선도화합물인 2-imino-1,3-thiazoline 의 분자 수정을 통하여 분자내에 1,3-thiazoline과 urea기가 포함된 새로운 화합물 4를 디자인하였다. N-Alkylthiourea 5와 bromoacetonitrile을 에탄올 용액 중에서 반응시켜 위치 선택적으로 생성된 2,4-diimino-1,3-thiazolidine 브롬산 염 6을 isocyanate 유도체와 반응하여 화합물 4의 tautomer인 화합물 8을 얻었다. 합성된 화합물 13종을 대표적인 6종의 식물병원균, 벼 도열병, 벼 잎집무늬마름병, 오이 잿빛곰팡이병, 토마토 역병, 밀 붉은녹병, 보리 흰가루병 등에 대한 in vivo 항균력 시험을 하였다. 합성된 화합물 8의 벼 도열병원균에 대한 항균력은 2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazoline 1과 비교할 때 매우 낮았으며, 일부 화합물에서 밀붉은녹병에 대한 미약한 항균력을 나타냈다.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 2001

새로운 농약살균제의 개발을 목적으로 trifluoromethyl기 dihydro-1,4-dithiin기 포함된 ${\alpha},{\beta}$-불포화 carboxamide 유도체 12를 합성하였다. trifluoromethylated ${\beta}$-ketoester 유도체 4를 염화한 다음 1,2-ethandithiol과 반응시켜 중간체 1,4-dithiane 유도체 9를 얻었다. 중간체 9의 정제없이 hydroxy기를 염소로 치환하여 생성된 중간체 8을 triethylamine 존재하에서 탈염화하여 trifluoromethyl기가 포함된 dihydro-1,4-dithiin ethyl ester 7을 합성하였다. Ester 7을 가수분해하여 생성된 carboxylic acid 10의 hydroxy를 염소로 치환하여 활성화한 다음 여러 가지 amine 유도체와 반응시켜 trifluoromethyl기가 포함된 dihydro-1,4-dithiin carboxamide 유도체 12를 합성하였다. 합성된 화합물을 대표적이 6종의 식물병원균, 벼 도열병원균, 벼 잎집무늬마름병원균, 오이 잿빛곰팡이병원균, 토마토 역병원균, 밀붉은녹병원균, 보리 흰가루병원균 등에 대한 항균력을 시험 (in vivo) 하였다. 그 결과, 대부분의 화합물이 미약한 항균을 나타냈다. 페닐기의 meta 위치에 isopropy기가 치환된 화합물 12h는 250 ppm에서 밀 붉은녹병원균에 대한 항균력 (99%)을 나타냈다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 추계국제학술대회
• /
• pp.61-61
• /
• 2020

This experiment was carried out using artificial bed soil and LED in the plastic film house(irradiation time: 07:00-17:00/day). Seedlings(n=63 per 3.3 m²) of ginseng was planted on May 17, 2018. LED was combined with red and blue light in a 3:1 ratio and irradiated with different light intensity(40-160 µmol/m²/s). Average air temperature from April to September according to the light intensity test was 20.4℃-20.9℃. Average artificial bed soil temperature was 20.1℃-21.7℃. The test area where fluorescent lamp was irradiated tended to be somewhat lower than the LED irradiation area. The chemical properties of the test soil was as follows. pH levels was 6.6-6.7, EC levels 0.9-1.3 dS/m and OM levels 30.6-32.0%. The available P₂O₅ contents was 73.3-302.3 mg/kg. Exchangeable cations K and Ca contents were higher than the allowable ranges and mg content was high in the fluorescent lamp treatment. The photometric characteristics of LED light intensity are as follows. The greater the light intensity, the higher the PPFD(Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density) value, illuminance and solar irradiation. Fluorescent lamp treatment had high illuminance value, but PPFD and solar irradiation were lower than LED intensity 40 µmol/m²/s treatment. The photosynthetic rate increased(2.0-3.8 µmolCO²/m²/s) as the amount of light intensity increased, peaking at 120 µmol/m²/s, and then decreasing. The SPAD (chlorophyll content) value decreased as the amount of light intensity increased, and was the highest at 36.1 in fluorescent lamp treatment. Ginseng germination started on April 5 and took 14-17 days to germinate. The overall germination rate was 68.8-73.6%. The growth of aerial parts(plant height etc.) were generally excellent in the treatment of light intensity of 120-160 µmol/m²/s. The plant height was 41.9 cm, stem length was 24.1 cm, leaf length was 9.8 cm and stem diameter was 5.6 mm. The growth of underground part (root length etc.) was the best in the treatment with 120 µmol/m²/s of light intensity. Due to the root length was long(24.8 cm) and diameter of taproot was thick(18.7 mm), the fresh root weight was the heaviest at 24.8 g. There were no disease incidence such as Alternaria blight, Gray mold and Anthracnose. Disease of Damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani occurred 0.6-1.5% and incidence ratio of rusty root ginseng was 30.8-62.3%. It is believed that the reason for the high incidence of rusty root ginseng is that the amount of field moisture capacity of artificial bed soil is larger than the soil. Leaf discoloration rate was 13.7-32.3%.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 2004

베타-케토아세트아닐라이드 염화물 유도체의 합성 및 이들 화합물의 대표적인 6종의 식물병원균에 대한 항균력을 조사하였다. Carousel Reaction Stations 장치를 이용하여 조합 합성 기법을 통하여 키틴 이합 체를 염소와 아닐린 유도체와 차례로 반응시켜 89종의 베타-케토아세트아닐라이드 클로라이드 유도체를 얻었다. 합성된 화합물 라이브러리의 항균력(in vivo)을 벼 도열병, 벼 잎집무늬마름병, 토마토 잿빛곰팡이병, 토마토 잎마름역병, 밀 붉은녹병, 보리 흰가루병 등의 주요 식물병에 대한 항균력 시험을 수행하였다. 일반적으로 페닐기의 4위치 (para) 치환체가 존재하는 화합물의 경우에 선택적으로 토마토 잎마름역병을 방제하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.94-96
• /
• 2006

In a search for plant extracts with potent in vivo antifungal activity against various plant pathogenic fungi, the methanol extract of the Curcuma longa rhizomes effectively controlled the development of rice blast catised by Magnaporthe grisea and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. Three curcuminoids such as curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin were purified from the methanol extract of C. longa rhizomes as antifungal principles. Among the three curcuminoids, demethoxycurcumin was the most active to both rice blast and tomato late blight, followed in order by curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. However, they all exhibited no or little in vivo antifungal activity against other fungal pathogens causing rice sheath blight (Corticium sasaki), tomato gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), wheat leaf rust (Puccinia recondita), or barley powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordel).

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2004

일반 토양과 부엽토, 퇴비로부터 alkaline cellulase 생성이 우수한 균주를 분리한 후 형태적, 배양학적 및 생화학적 동정을 실시한 결과 호알칼리성 Bacillus sp. HSH-810 균주인 것으로 판명되었다. 분리균 Bacillus sp. HSH-810의 생육과 효소 활성은 $30^{\circ}C$와 pH 10.0에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 균주는 배지 중에 탄소원과 질소원, 무기염으로 1.0%의 CMC와 0.5%의 peptone, 0.02%의 $CaC1_2$, $CoC1_2$를 사용하였을 경우 최대의 alkaline cellulase생산성을 나타내었다. 효소의 최적 활성 pH와 온도는 각각 10.5와 $50^{\circ}C$였다. 이 효소는 pH 6.0-13.0과 $50^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 매우 안정하였다. 효소액에 계면활성제를 첨가하여 효소 활성을 측정한 결과, 효소액은 sodium-$\alpha$-olefin sulfonate (AOS)와 sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), Tween 20, Tween 80에 대하여 안정성 이 높은 특징을 보였으나 0.1%의 linear alkyl-benzene sulfonate (LAS)를 첨가한 경우에는 효소 활성이 심하게 저해되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.226-233
• /
• 1994

148종의 시료로부터 301주의 섬유소 분해세균을 분리하였고 그 중 cellulase 활성이 가장 높은 균주를 선발하여 동정한 결과, Cellulomonas sp. KL-6로 확인하였다. KL-6 균주는 약 50시간만에 여과지(whatman No.1)를 붕괴하였고 congo red 반응으로 본 halo 환의 직경은 11 cm였으며 또한, CMCase의 활성은 67 unit/ml, FPase는 70 unit/ml, ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 0.68 unit/ml로 나타났다. 여과지를 기질로 하여 배양하였을 때 배양액 중에 유리된 glucose의 유무를 확인하였으나 추적할 만한 양이 없었다. KL-6 균주의 균체증식 최적 배양조건은 sucrose 0.5%, yeast extract 0.1%, $(NH_4)_2HPO_4\;0.1%$, $K_2HPO_4\;0.1%$, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.01%$, $CaCl_2\; 0.01%$, NaCl 0.6%, $CaCO_3\;0.1%$, pH 7.0 및 온도 $30^{\circ}C$였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 1987

김치용 간절임 배추의 적당한 염도인 3%에 도달하는데 걸리는 간절임 시간은 5%에서는 l2시간 후에도 미달되었고, 10%는 약 7시간, 15%는 약3시간, 20%에서는 약 1시간 걸렸다. 절임중 잎은 줄기보다 빠르게 탈수되었는데 10시간 후에 잎과 줄기의 수분함랑은 각각 66와 64%로 낮아졌다. 생배추의 원부피는 간절임에 의해 59.90%가 감소하였고 생배추의 내부공간율은 35.06%나 감소하였다. 수침에 의한 제염속도는 염분침투속도보다 빨랐으며 약 7%수준에서 3%수준으로 되는데 잎은 약 1.2시간 들기는 약 3시간 걸렸다. 절임중 경도는 잎과 줄기에서 전체적으로 감소하였는데, 생체의 경우는 내부가 높았으나 간질임한 것은 점질부위의 경도가 증가하였다. 절임 과점에서 배추중의 $K^+,\;Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$ 금속이온은 감소한 반면 $Na^+$는 크게 증가했다. 절임과정과 수세과정에서 곰팡이, 효모, 세균의 수는 각각 58%, 40%, 45%줄었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1363-1370
• /
• 2015

This study was aimed to determine effects of soil organic amendment as plant growing media component on restoration of planting ground. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties and germination and growth of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) were investigated. For treatments, soil was excavated at depth of 0-50 cm (referred as $S_1$) and at depth of 50-100 cm (referred as $S_2$). Then the half amount of $S_1$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment (coir dust 40% (v/v), bottom ash 25%, leaf mold 25%, vermiculite 5%, carbonized rice hull 5%) at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_1CC$) and also the half amount of $S_2$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_2CC$) on pot in a 16 cm diameter and 14 cm height. The experiment was replicated 3 times with 3 pots per replication in randomized block design, and 100 seeds were planted per pot. In results, there was no significant difference in soil pH among the treatments with a slight decrease in soil hydraulic conductivity. However, in the $S_1CC$ treatment, positive increases in soil chemical properties, including electrical conductivity, organic matter, phosphoric acid, total nitrogen, exchangeable cation, and cation exchange capacity. Also, the germination rate, plant height, and number of leaves were higher in the $S_1CC$ treatment than those in other treatments. These results suggest that the addition of organic amendment to the soil at depth of 0-50 cm might be proper for restoring planting ground.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.45-48
• /
• 2013

This study was carried out to know the substitute effect of Yacto (leaf mold compost) on popped rice hulls compost (PRHC) in Yang-jik nursery bed of Panax ginseng. PRHC was mixed with Yacto as 50:50 ratio, and 1 ~ 2% of the mixed oil cake, rice bran and urea were also added to promote decaying the mixed compost. The mixed compost made by PRHC and Yacto was showed that positive effect on the growth of ginseng seedling when it was mixed with 1% of oil cake and rice bran, and 2% of mixed oil cake. But addition to the 2% of urea in the mixture of PRHC and Yacto was not positive effect on the growth of ginseng seedling. Root yield of the mixed compost was similar to that of conventional compost by made 100% of Yacto. Therefore, the mixed compost can substitute for Yacto when PRHC and Yacto were mixed by 50:50 ratio and added 1% of oil cake and rice bran.