• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2021

The purpose of this survey was to investigate the food behavior and vegetable preferences of elementary school students in the metropolitan areas of, South Korea. Five hundred and eighty students (277 male and 303 female) studying in grades 5~6 participated in the survey. We assessed food behavior by evauating the Nutrition Quotient (NQ). Through a questionnaire, which consisted of 20 food behavior checklist items. These items were grouped under five factors: balance, diversity, moderation, practice and environment. All data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The average NQ score weighted using the five factors was 61.32 points. Among the five factors, moderation showed the lowest score, whereas environment showed the highest score. The average score of the vegetable preference was 3.36 points out of a total of 5 points. The vegetable preference was found to be highest for bean sprouts and followed by tomatoes, lettuce, spinach, Chinese cabbage, sesame leaf, pumpkin, carrot, radish, chives, lotus roots, onions, broccoli, sweet peppers, and eggplant. The results of vegetable preferences by NQ grade were 4.13±0.63 points for the high grade, 3.68±0.75 points for the medium-high grade, 3.41±0.82 points for the medium-low grade, and 2.94±0.78 points for the low grade. There was a significant positive correlation between NQ and vegetable preferences (r=0.477, P<0.001). If vegetables with high preference are frequently provided in school meals, it might contribute to improving overall food behavior.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2020

The severe lettuce damage caused by Paratylenchus projectus was first reported in 2019 in Korea. To find high-value rotation crops for the control of P. projectus, nine vegetables, Brassica juncea (leaf mustard), B. rapa subsp. nipposinica (kyona), B. oleracea var. italica (broccoli), B. rapa subsp. chinensis (bok choy), B. oleracea var. viridis (kale), B. oleracea var. gongylodes (kohlrabi), Cichorium endivia (endive), C. intybus (chicory), Ipomoea aquatica (morning glory) were planted in d-10-cm clay pots in greenhouse. The growth of vegetables was compared between inoculated with 3,000 P. projectus per 100 ㎤ of soil and non-inoculated. Treatments were replicated 10 times. After 100 days, the reduction of fresh top weight was 30.4% in C. intybus, 35.1% in I. aquatica, 36.9% in B. oleracea var. acephala, 40.5% in C. endivia, 42.1% in B. rapa, 47.5% in B. rapa subsp. nipposinica, 50.4% in B. oleracea var. gonglodes, 56.3% in B. oleracea var. italica, and 66.0% in B. juncea. Nematode multiplication rates (Pf/Pi) were lower in I. aquatica (0.64) and C. endivia (1.1), but higher in B. oleracea var. gongylodes (2.54). Considering these results, I. aquatica is suitable for the rotation crop with lettuce until better rotation crops developed.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.850-856
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• 2010

An in vivo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on hyperglycemic male Sprague-Dawley rats to assess the effect of fruits and vegetables ($1g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ body weight) on blood glucose levels (${\Delta}BGLs$) at different time intervals of 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. The areas under glucose curve (${\Delta}AUCs$) were calculated at 120 min of OGTT by trapezoid method. Total phenolic content (TPC) and anti-oxidant activity (AOA) of fruits and vegetables were assayed in vitro by Folin Ciocalteu and DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods, respectively. At the end of the experiment the correlations among the parameters TPC, AOA and ${\Delta}AUC$ was estimated by Pearson's correlations. Among fruit crops, tangerine, plum, grape and pear and among vegetables, blue leaf mustard, cabbage, chicory, broccoli and others exhibited significant hypoglycemic effects by reducing ${\Delta}BGLs$ with significant ${\Delta}AUC$. The effective ${\Delta}AUC$ ranged from $5548.2{\pm}462.1$ to $3823.3{\pm}282.0mg-min{\cdot}dL^{-1}$. The TPC and AOA ranged from $0.063{\pm}0.00$ to $0.913{\pm}0.14mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ GAE and $01.05{\pm}0.08$ to $75.46{\pm}0.06%$, respectively. Overall, six fruits and fifteen vegetables exhibited higher TPC and one fruit and four vegetables exhibited higher AOA. There was a better correlation among TPC, AOA and ${\Delta}AUC$ of fruits and TPC & AOA of vegetables. We report that hypoglycemically significant fruits and vegetables investigated in this study have pharmacological importance which reduced ${\Delta}BGLs$ through insulin like activity and AOA in prevention of type-2 diabetes.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.2 s.143
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• pp.201-209
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• 2006

Five strains of Korean entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), steinernematids and heterorhabditids were evaluated and tried in laboratory, pot, and vegetable greenhouses for environmentally friendly control of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xyiostella, from 2002 to 2005. LC$_{50}$ values of five EPN strains against DBM were different depending on nematode strain and DBM instar. LC$_{50}$ value of Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 (GSN1) was the lowest representing 2.6$\sim$3.9 infective juveniles (Ijs, 3rd stage) to 2nd to 4th instars of DBM. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against DBM was different depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in pot. The most effective nematode was GSN1. Steinernema spp. was more effective than Heterorhabditis spp. against DBM. Two or three times of applications of EPN were effective regardless of nematode strain and concentration in pot. Efficacy of EPN was different depending on vegetable species. Efficacy was higher on Chinese cabbage, red mustard, and Ssamchoo than that on cabbage, kale, and leaf broccoli. Efficacy of GSN1, Steinernema GSNUS-10, Steinernema CSNUS-14, and Heterorhabditis GSNUH-1 was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in greenhouse experiments. GSN1 was the most effective and 100,000 infective juveniles per m$^2$(=$1\times10^9$ Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale in greenhouse.