• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

In domestic game market, the video game market is getting smaller and also decreasing funds and high level developers. So we need the software that can help us to make more realistic and high quality contents by non-expert developer in poor environments. In this paper, we selected global studio's animations which were scored good evaluation by public and critics as a well-made emotional expression that can convey the emotion properly. We selected movements that express emotions from the animation scripts by using Ekman's 6 basic emotions and Greimas' dynamic predicate, and then we had analyzed and categorized with the data. We also analyzed the movements for which data we needed to create specific movements to express emotions by using 'Animation Layer' that used in Unity's blending process. And suggest concept of the program that to create the emotional expression movements by using those analyzed data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• 제36D권8호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1999

Electromagnetic scattering by finite number of conducting strips loaded on a grounded dielectric is considered for the TM polarization case from the viewpoints of transmitting(receiving) leaky wave antenna and grating coupler. An integro-differential equation whose unknowns are the induced currents over the strips is derived and solved by use of the method of moments. In order to construct the non-uniform leaky wave structures with specific source(current) distributions over the strips, distances between two adjacent strips and strip width are simultaneously varied along the structure. From some results for the current distributions over the strips and surface wave powers, it is observed that the maximum coupling efficiencies of the appropriately constructed non-uniform leaky wave structures from the viewpoints of both a receiving leaky wave antenna and a grating coupler amount upto 95%, which are about 15% improvements compared with those(80%) of the uniform structures.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2018

Two liquids which are generally used as fuels of rockets are mixed and their mixing process is quantitatively investigated by the use of particle image velocimetry (PIV). As working fluids for the liquid mixing, Dimethylfuran (DMF) and JetA1 oils have been used. Since the specific gravity of DMF is larger than that of JetA1 oil, the DMF oil has been set at the lower part of the JetA1 oil. For better visualization of the mixing process, Rhodamin B powder has been blended into the DMF oil. An agitator having 3 blades has been used for mixing the two liquids. For quantitative visualization, a LCD monitor has been used as a light source. A color camera, camcoder, has been used for recording the mixing process. The images captured by the camcoder have been digitized into three color components, R, G, and B. The color intensities of R, G, and B have been used as the inputs of the neural network of which hidden layer has 20 neurons. Color-to-concentration calibration has been performed before commencing the main experiments. Once this calibration is completed, the temporal changes of the concentration of the DMF has been quantitatively analyzed by using the constructed measurement system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.334-342
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• 2012

To know the role of 'the solid compressive pressure to the first solid layer of a cake, $p_d$' in the 'unified theory on solid-liquid separation', we analyzed extremely compressible cake formed with floc for the following three operations with our new concepts. First, the role of $p_d$ was studied in calculating the sediment thickness of floc, and in calculating the cake thickness in cake filtration performed with floc sediment. Second, we calculated the expression procedure using $p_d$. Finally, the influence of $p_d$ on cake thickness in hindered sedimentation, and on the calculation of the procedure of hindered sedimentation $p_d$ was verified. Thus the possibility of application of 'unified theory on solid-liquid separation' and the importance of $p_d$ was verified. Through these processes, new theoretical definitions of the cake filtration, expression and hindered sedimentation was established.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.344-353
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• 2002

To investigate the forest structure and to suggest the basic data of forest in the Cheongoksan and near the ridge area, the Baekdudaegan, thirty-five plots were set up and surveyed. According to the analysis of classification by TWINSPAN, the community was divined by four groups of Quercus mongolica-Fraxinus rhynchophylla(I). Q. mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum(II). Q. mongolica-Tripterygium regelii(III), and Q. mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community(IV). The structure of communities were investigated using importance value by layer. The survey results were summarized as follows:1) the results of annual ring analysis revealed that the age of forest in the Cheongoksan was about 30~150 years old, 2) number of the average species was 6.5$\pm$1.8 and number of average individuals was 68.3$\pm$39.9 per a plot(100$m^2$). From the above results, it was anticipated that Q. mongolica stand will be old-growth forest because they do not have competitor species and a specific ridge environment.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.739-748
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• 2014

In this article, by using experimental studies and artificial neural network has been tried to investigate the use of nano-silica as concrete admixture to reduce alkali-silica reaction. If there are reactive aggregates and alkali of cement with enough moisture in concrete, a gel will be formed. Then with high reactivity between alkali of cement and existence of silica in aggregates, this gel will expand by absorption of water, and causes expansive pressure and cracks be formed. At the time passes, this gel will reduce both durability and strength of the concrete. By reducing the size of silicate to nano, specific surface area of particles and number of atoms on the surface will be increased, which causes more pozzolanic activity of them. Nano-silica can react with calcium hydroxide ($Ca(OH)_2$) and produces C-S-H gel. In this study, accelerated mortar bar specimens according to ASTM C 1260 and ASTM C 1567, with different mix proportions were prepared using aggregates of Kerman, such as: none admixture and plasticizer, different proportions of nano-silica separately. By opening the moulds after 24 hour and curing in water at $80^{\circ}C$ for 24 hour, then curing in (1N NaOH) at $80^{\circ}C$ for 14 days, length expansion of mortar bars were measured and compared. It was noted that, the lowest length expansion of a specimens shows the best proportion of admixture based on alkali-silica reactivity. Then, prediction of alkali-silica reaction of concrete has been investigated by using artificial neural network. In this study the backpropagation network has been used and compared with different algorithms to train network. Finally, the best amount of nano silica for adding to mix proportion, also the best algorithm and number of neurons in hidden layer of artificial neural network have been offered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2002

An integrated analysis of kerosine/LOX based KSR-III rocket body/plume flowfield has been performed. The analysis has been executed employing three kind of gas thermo-chemical models including calorically perfect gas, multiple species chemically reacting gas, and chemically frozen gas models and their effect on rocket flowfield has been accessed to provide the most appropriate gas thermo-chemical model which meets a specific purpose of performing rocket body and plume analysis. The finite-rate chemically reacting flow solution exhibited higher temperature throughout the flowfield than other gas models due to the increased combustion gas temperature caused by the chemical reactions within the nozzle. All the reactions were dominated only in the shear layer and behind the barrel shock reflection region where the gas temperature is high and the effect of finite-rate chemical reactions on the flowfield was found to be minor. However, the present plume computation including finite-rate chemical reactions revealed major reactions occurring in the plume and their reaction mechanisms and as well.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1999

This paper describes how the gold particles self assemble on the specific phase on the microphase separated block copolymer thin film and form a well ordered patterns. For this study, polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (PS-PB-PS) triblock copolymer (30wt % PS) thin films (${\sim}100nm$) having a cylindrical morphology were cast from 0.1wt% toluene solution to be used as polymer thin film templates. The films having either vertical PS cylinders or in-plane PS cylinders in PB matrix from each different solvent evaporation condition were obtained. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used to study the surface and bulk morphologies of block copolymer thin films. Small amount of gold particles was evaporated on a block copolymer thin film template to obtain a nano-scale pattern. When an as-cast thin film template was used, gold particles preferentially self assemble on the low surface tension PB phase and a relatively well ordered pattern in nano-scale was produced. However, after the formation of a low surface energy PB rich layer upon annealing, a gold self-assembled pattern was not observed.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2008

The interaction between advancing ships and the waves generated by them plays important roles in wave resistances and ship motions. Wave breaking phenomena near the ship bow at different speeds are investigated both numerically and experimentally. Numerical simulations of free surface profiles near the fore bodies of ships are performed and visualized to grasp the general trend or the mechanism of wave breaking phenomena from moderate waves rather than concentrating on local chaotic irregularities as ship speeds increase. Navier-Stokes equations are differentiated based on the finite difference method. The Marker and Cell (MAC) Method and Marker-Density Method are employed, and they are compared for the description of free surface conditions associated with the governing equations. Extra effort has been directed toward the realization of extremely complex free surface conditions at wave breaking. For this purpose, the air-water interface is treated with marker density, which is used for two layer flows of fluids with different properties. Adaptation schemes and refinement of the numerical grid system are also used at local complex flows to improve the accuracy of the solutions. In addition to numerical simulations, various model tests are performed in a ship model towing tank. The results are compared with numerical calculations for verification and for realizing better, more efficient research performance. It is expected that the present research results regarding wave breaking and the geometry of the fore body of ship will facilitate better hull form design productivity at the preliminary ship design stage, especially in the case of small and fast ship design. Also, the obtained knowledge on the impact due to the interaction of breaking waves and an advancing hull surface is expected to be applicable to investigation of the ship bow slamming problem as a specific application.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2002

The study is concerned with an approach to the design of new architectures of fuzzy neural networks and the discussion of comprehensive design methodology supporting their development. We propose an Adaptive Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Networks(APFNN) based on Fuzzy Neural Networks(FNN) and Self-organizing Networks(SON) for model identification of complex and nonlinear systems. The proposed AFPNN is generated from the mutually combined structure of both FNN and SON. The one and the other are considered as the premise and the consequence part of AFPNN, respectively. As the premise structure of AFPNN, FNN uses both the simplified fuzzy inference and error back-propagation teaming rule. The parameters of FNN are refined(optimized) using genetic algorithms(GAs). As the consequence structure of AFPNN, SON is realized by a polynomial type of mapping(linear, quadratic and modified quadratic) between input and output variables. In this study, we introduce two kinds of AFPNN architectures, namely the basic and the modified one. The basic and the modified architectures depend on the number of input variables and the order of polynomial in each layer of consequence structure. Owing to the specific features of two combined architectures, it is possible to consider the nonlinear characteristics of process system and to obtain the better output performance with superb predictive ability. The availability and feasibility of the AFPNN are discussed and illustrated with the aid of two representative numerical examples. The results show that the proposed AFPNN can produce the model with higher accuracy and predictive ability than any other method presented previously.