• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.132-136
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• 1995

The laryngeal cancer is a cancer of secondary sex organ, such as malignant tumors of the mammary gland, endometrium, and prostate. The clinical characteristics of the female laryngeal cancers are considered somewhat to be different from that of male. As cancer of the larynx is principally a disease of men, many investigations have showed the characteristics of the male laryngeal cancers. For understanding the clinical characteristics of the female laryngeal cancers, we analyzed 21 cases of laryngeal cancer in women, diagnosed and treated in our institute during the last 10 years. The results were, 1) In female subjects, supraglottis was most common subsite of laryngeal cancer(85.7%). 2) On histopathologic grade, the moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (80.9%). 3) The positive neck nodes were 19 %, considered to be lower than that of total laryngeal cancer. 4) The treatment results, the 2 year disease free rate and 5 year survival rate were 88.9%, 83.3%, respectively. These results suggest, therefore, female laryngeal cancers are more likely to be supraglottic cancer than glottic cancer. In spite of high incidence of supraglottic cancer, the nodal metastases are rare, the prognosis appeared to be good.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7045-7047
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• 2015

Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker which has been investigated in many cancers but data for head and neck lesions are limited. We aimed to study the MPV levels in head and neck cancers as a diagnostic marker. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 head and neck cancer patients and 31 control patients who did not meet exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The cancer locations, the platelet and MPV levels at the first diagnosis time were collected. Results: The head and neck cancer location distribution between these patients was 2 (2.1%) buccal, 9 (9.4%) tongue, 6 (6.3) lip, 1 (1%) gingiva, 1 (1%) hypopharynx, 1 (1%) ear, 58 (60.4%) larynx, 2 (2.1%) maxilla, 2 (2.1%) nasal, 1 (1%) nasopharynx, 2 (2.1%) palatal, 3 (3.1%) primary unknown, 1 (1%) retromolar, 1 (1%) thyroid, 2 (2.1%) tonsil, and 4 (4.2%) salivary gland. MPV levels were significantly different between cancer and control group (p=0.002). The cut-off point for MPV predicting head and neck cancer is >10 fL (sensitivity=55.21, specificity=87.10). Conclusions: MPV level increase, a readily assessable parameter which does not bring extra costs can warn us regarding head and neck cancer risk.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2012

Backgrounds : To evaluated the use of FDG PET/CT for the identification of extracapsular spread(ECS) with histologic correlation in laryngeal cancer. Methods : We reviewed 79 medical records of patients who underwent of FDG PET/CT for laryngeal cancer before surgery. Results : ECS was present in 41.9%(18/43) dissected necks and in 34.5%(20/58) dissected cervical levels. There was a significant difference in the SUVmax between cervical lymph nodes with ECS and without ECS($6.39{\pm}4.53$ vs. $1.19{\pm}1.64$, p<0.001). The cut-off value for the SUVmax for differentiating with ECS from without ECS was 2.8 with the sensitivity of 85.7% and the specificity of 85.6%. Conclusion : The median SUVmax cut-off values of FDG PET/CT higher than 2.8 was associated with greater risk cervical lymph node metastasis with ECS in patients with laryngeal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.7033-7037
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to provide an assessment of the incidence of cancer of the larynx in Kazakhstan with especial attention to ethnicity and gender, as well as age. The retrospective design covered all new cases of laryngeal cancer in 11 years (1999-2009). The total number was 4,967 cases, 4,535 (91.3%) in males and 432 (8.7%) in women, with a gender ratio of 10.5:1. Patients of Kazakh (31.2%) and Russian (51.4%) ethnicity accounted for the vast majority (82.6%), with Russians predominating in both sexes, but particularly in females. Age peak in Kazakhs was 70 years and older ($14.6{\pm}0.70/0000$), and in Russians was 60-69 years ($21.6{\pm}1.30/0000$). In the dynamics, the rates had the tendency to decrease more markedly in Russian than Kazakh men, especially in the younger groups, while increase was noted in the youngest females of both ethnicities, but again greater in Russians, presumably reflecting change in underlying lifestyle factors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10289-10292
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• 2015

Background: The involvement of HPV in oral and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis was first proposed in 2004, based on epithelial HPV tropism and detection of HPV genotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. While 60-70% of oropharynx tumors may be HPV-positive, only 10 to 19% of tumors of the oral cavity, larynx and hypopharynx appear to have HPV infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate HPV infection associated with oropharyngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight cases were selected for p16 immunoexpression reactions, and demographic data were collected for comparisons. Results: Most patients were over 60 years old, and 64.1% were smokers. Immunohistochemistry results showed that 86.3% of cases stained positive for p16 protein. Conclusion: The oropharyngeal cancer profile at Erasto Gaertner Hospital presented a high index of smokers over 60 years as well a high number of p16+ tumors, for what we can not determinate the main etiologic factor, but can be aware of the number of patients that presented HPV infection. Since prevention is still the best way to deal with cancer disease, it is important to analyze the interaction of these two etiologic factors and how to detect lesions at an early stage.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.20 no.1 s.21
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• pp.84-96
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• 1987

For the purpose of preparing the basic data for further cancer epidemiologic study and cancer patients control, we conducted the analysis on the degree and structure of deaths from cancer in metropolitan areas of Korea with 7,934 certified cancer deaths records of Seoul, Pusan, Taegu and Incheon in 1982. The analyzed results were as follows: 1) The total number of cancer deaths in metropolitan areas were 7,934 (male: 4,749, female: 3,185) as 14.1% of deaths from all causes in the same area. 2) The rate of physician's certification on cancer deaths was 77.4% and most of cancer deaths (84.4%) occured at their home. 3) Cancer specific death rate was 51.7 per 100.000 population (male: 62.9, female: 41.9) and age-adjusted cancer death rate was 82.4 in male and 51.6 in female per 100,000 population. And the difference was statistically significant (p< 0.01). 4) Age-specific cancer death rate was generally increased with age and most of cancer deaths (male: 75% , female: 65%) occurred from 45 to 74 years old. 5) The first three orders of cancer site were stomach (32.7%), liver (28.8%), lung (11.7%) in male and stomach (30.6%), uterus (18.4%), liver (13.8%) in female. And the relative frequency of these three cancer sites among total cancer deaths was corresponded to 73.2% in male and 62.8% in female. 6) The ratio of male to female cancer death rate was 1.5:1. And the ratio was aboye 3.0 in esophagus, liver, larynx, bladder cancer and the ratio was similar to 1.0 in stomach, pancreas, leukemia, brain, colon cancer, but the ratio was reversed in gall bladder and bile duct, and thyroid cancer.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.181-184
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• 2007

Hypopharyngeal cancer usually has invasiveness to adjacent tissue and frequent metastasis to cervical lymph node. In addition, because it often accompanies submucosal extension and second primary malignancy, the sacrifice of larynx and postoperative radiation therapy had been performed in the past. However, it has been reported that conservative surgery of hypopharyngeal cancer show good functional and oncologic outcome according to the development of diagnostic tool and reconstructive technique. We report a case of hypopharyngeal cancer that received conservative surgery followed radiation therapy and intraoperative radiation therapy for neck recurrence.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 1999

Background and Objectives: Occult neck metastasis rate of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer varies widely depending upon authors. Materials and Methods: Sixty four cases, previously untreated, of N0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent surgery as an initial treatment from 1992 to 1997 were evaluated. All had unilateral or bilateral elective neck dissection at the time of surgery for the primary. Occult neck metastasis rate was evaluated with pathologic examination of neck dissection specimen. Results: Occult neck metastasis rate by primary site was as follows. Supraglottis ipsilateral 32%(8/25) contralateral 15%(3/20), glottis ipsilateral 17%(5/30), contralateral 0%(0/22), hypopharynx ipsilateral 78%(7/9), contralateral 25%(2/8). Conclusion: Supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancer may need elective neck treatment bilaterally. Occult neck metastasis of glottic cancer to opposite site was minimal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2008

The early glottic cancers are traditionally treated by radiotherapy or endoscopic surgery. The excellent effectiveness of both treatment modalities for local control, larynx preservation, and disease specific death is similar. Therefore, functional voice outcome after treatment is one of the most important factors in the choice of treatment for early glottic cancer. To assess the functional outcomes and compare the voice quality in patients with early glottic cancer treated with curative intent with radiotherapy or laser cordectomy, we performed literature review. Most studies showed that the voice quality after radiation therapy is slightly better than that after laser cordectomy. Subanalysis according to types of laser cordectomy, however, indicates that voice quality depends on type of laser cordectomy. Especially, type I or type II laser cordectomy might be superior to other types of laser cordectomy and radiation therapy. We conclude that the laser cordectomy is a good surgical alternative for properly selected early glottic cancer including professional voice users.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.277-283
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• 1993

Background: We peformed a retroslective study in patients with previously untreated advanced (Stage III or IV) laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer to compare the results of induction chemotherapy followed by definitive radiation therapy (CT+ RT) with those of conventional laryngectomy and postoperative radiation therapy (OP + RT). Method: Between 1985 and 1990, twenty-four patients were treated with two or three courses of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (66-75 Gy). Twenty-five patients were received laryngectomy and radical neck dissection (except 3 patients) and postoperative radiation therapy (55~64 Gy). Result: After a median fellow-up of 20 months, the actusrial 5-year overall survival rate was $24\%$ (chemotherapy group) and $36\%,$ (op group). (P>0.1). The local control rate was the $65\%,$ (13/20) and $68.2\%,$ (15/22). (p>0.1). The rate of laryngeal preservation was $65\%$ (13/20) in chemotherapy group. Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy and definitive radiation therapy can be effective in preserving the larynx in a high percentage of patients with advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer.