• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.169-178
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• 1976

솔잎혹파리 (Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchi. et Inouye)의 충영속 유충과 충영을 탈출하여 낙하한 토중의 유충을 대상으로 체액을 분석, 측정코저 종이 크로마토그라피법, micro-Kjeldahl법, 박층 크로카토그라피 법, 왈부르그 검압계법, Bessey-Lowry법과 Reitman-Frankel법으로 측정 또는 분석하였다. 충영과 유충과 토중의 유충에 따라 유리 아미노산, 총 질소함량의 변화, 탄수화물의 변화, 지질의 종류와 변화, 호흡능, phosphatase, GOT, ?의 활성도가 측정되었다. 유리 아미노산, 총 질소함량, 지질함량, 호흡능, acid phosphatase의 황성, GPT의 활성은 충영속의 유충에서 토중의 유충으로 진행함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 그러나 trehalose의 함량과 alkaline phosphatase의 활성은 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2006

흰점박이꽃무지(Protaetia brevitarsis) 비상활동은 6월 중순부터 9월 상순이며, 장수풍뎅이 (Allomyrina dichotoma) 비상활동은 6월 중순부터 8월 하순까지이다. 두 종의 비상활동은 모두 강수에 영향을 받아 강수량과 강수일수가 적은 해에는 비상활동이 활발하였다. 흰점박이꽃무지 3령충은 온도에 따른 분포깊이에 영향이 없었으나, 장수풍뎅이 3령 유충은 온도에 민감하게 반응하여 고온에서는 대부분의 개체들이 표면에 분포하였다. 흰점박이꽃무지 3령충은 과습한 상태가 분포깊이에 크게 영향을 주지 않았으나, 장수풍뎅이 유충은 과습한 상태에는 대부분이 표면 근처에 분포한다. 흰점박이꽃무지 유충은 죽은 개체의 속을 파먹는 것을 볼 수 있으며 돼지고기, 닭고기, 생고등어, 식빵, 사과, 배 등을 투여한 결과, 흰점박이꽃무지는 모두 잘 섭식하나 장수풍뎅이는 빵만을 섭식하였다. 두 종은 유사한 환경에서 서식하나 식이는 상당히 큰 차이를 나타내었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.834-840
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• 2016

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) utilizes two different cell-cycle modes, binucleations during the L1 larval stage and endoreduplications at four larval moltings, for its postembryonic intestinal development. Previous genetic studies indicated that CDC-25.2 is specifically required for binucleations at the L1 larval stage and is repressed before endoreduplications. Furthermore, LIN-23, the C. elegans ${\beta}$-TrCP ortholog, appears to function as a repressor of CDC-25.2 to prevent excess intestinal divisions. We previously reported that intestinal hyperplasia in lin-23(e1883) mutants was effectively suppressed by the RNAi depletion of cdc-25.2. Nevertheless, LIN-23 targeting CDC-25.2 for ubiquitination as a component of E3 ubiquitin ligase has not yet been tested. In this study, LIN-23 is shown to be the major E3 ubiquitin ligase component, recognizing CDC-25.2 to repress their activities for proper transition of cell-cycle modes during the C. elegans postembryonic intestinal development. In addition, for the first time that LIN-23 physically interacts with both CDC-25.1 and CDC-25.2 and facilitates ubiquitination for timely regulation of their activities during the intestinal development.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.582-586
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• 2006

Due to consumer reluctance to take synthetic drugs for nematode infections and the appearance of resistance to anthelminthic drugs, new drugs from natural products must be developed. Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the freely living nematodes and serves as a good model system for screening anthelminthic drugs. In this study, thirteen flavonoid derivatives were tested for anthelminthic activity and the relationships between their activities and structures were investigated. The structural information combined with the data for the larval growth inhibition of C. elegans provided meaningful structural insights in the search for new anthelminthic drugs.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 1997

To clarify the effect of anti-juvenile hormone analogue (AJH) on the larval ecdysis by feeding at early stage of the 4th instar, the total amount of protein and activity of chitinolytic enzymes in the integument of Bombyx mori were analyzed, PAGE pattern of the protein was observed and the morphological changes of integument during molting period were also observed and the morphological changes of integument during molting period were also observed by means of TEM. The total amount of protein was greatly increased in premolting, then reached maximum level just before ecdysis, and rapidly decreased after the larval ecdysis in the control, while in the AJH treatment, increased 12 hr later than the control and its maximum was only 82.6% of the control. Two specific proteins, which were presumed as the protein originated from endocuticle, also appeared 12 hr later than the control and were maintained to 132 hr after AJH treatment from the aspects of the Native- and SDS-PAGE patterns, although those of the control disappeared instantly after ecdysis. Chitinase and $\beta$-N-acetylglucosaminidase activities were also suppressed and delayed by AJH treatment. Furthermore, it was observed that the apolysis took place 12 hr later than the control but new epicuticle was not formed at least until 132 hr after AJH treatment. From these results, it is suggested that the larval molting process of silkworm develops 12 hr later than the control but new epicuticle was not formed at least until 132 hr after AJH treatment. From these results, it is suggested that the larval molting process of silkworm develops 12 hr later than the control by AJH treatment but no further processing takes place just after apolysis.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1992

전국에서 수집한 토양시료로부터 약 200 여종의 미생물을 분리해내고 이들 균주의 배양 산물액을 대상으로 chitinase 억제능을 조사하였다. 그 결과 누에의 중장 소화관에서 추출한 chitinase crude enzyme과 시판의 정제된 chitinase에 대하여 공통으로 효소의 활성을 억제하는 2개의 균주 S-11과 S-25를 선발하는데 성공하였다. 이들 균주의 배양 산물액을 토사기의 누에에 주사한 결과 대부분의 누에가 용화탈피에 실패하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2002

In order to find potential anticancer agents, we extracted pheophytin in the silkworm feces from various larval stages by water, chloroform and methanol extraction. The cytotoxicity of the pheophytin extracts of various silkworm feces was measured in the CT-26 cells originated from murine metastatic colon cancer, by dye uptake assay. The cytotoxicity of those pheophytins in 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars was better than remaining larval stages. The in vitro anticoagulant and fibyinolytic activities of ethanol extract from varietal mulberry leaves, mulberry branches and silkworm feces and pheophytin extracts from silkworm feces obtained at various larval stages were evaluated in order to find effective therapeutic drugs for the treatment of myocardial and cerebral thrombosis. The fibrinolytic activity was tested using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT) was measured for blood clotting activity. With regards to the fibrinolytic system, ethanol extracts of silkworm feces were better than varietal mulberry leaves and mulberry branches. The pheophytin extracts from 7th days of 5th instar contained the highest percentage of pheophytin and good fibrinolytic activity.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2009

본 연구는 rotifer가 가진 소화효소환성과 영양적인 측면에서 자어의 소화력을 평가하기 위한 실험을 하였다. 그래서 rotifer의 소화력을 증가시켜 주기 위해 배양수에 starch를 첨가하여 rotifer (starch-rotifer)의 소화효소 활성을 향상시켰으며 지질 영양강화 rotifer (CE-rotifer)와 비교하여 넙치자어를 이용하여 먹이효율 실험을 하였다. 이들 rotifer의 소화효소 (lipase 제외), 총 단백질, 필수아미노산 총량, 필수아미노산(methionin과 phenylalanine)에서 starch-rotifer가 높게 나타났다. 하지만 총지질, 지질 클래스(sterol 제외)및 DHA, EPA와 같은 지방산은 CE-rotifer에서 높게 나타났다. 그러나 sterol과 ST/TG 비는 starch-rotifer에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다P<0.05). 이 두 가지 rotifer를 공급받은 넙치자어는 부화 후 6일까지 체장과 체중에서 $3.72{\sim}3.79\;mm$와 $32.9{\sim}37.8\;mg$/larva의 범위로 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 그러나 부화 후 12일째는 CE-넙치에서 starch-넙치가 보다 높은 $5.94{\pm}0.249\;mm$, $144.0{\pm}23.86\;mg$/larva 및 $26.2{\pm}2.13%$의 생존율을 보였다. 이들 두 rotifer를 공급받은 넙치자어의 가수분해 효소 활성은 부화 후 5일째 acidic -amylase, neutral -amylase, TG-lipase, lysozyme 및 acidic Phosphatase에서 starch-넙치에서 유의적으로 높게 조사되었으나, 부화 후 11일째는 CE-넙치의 neutral $\alpha$-amylase, three pretenses, two phosphatases에서 starch-넙치보다 유의적으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 결과적으로 넙치자어는 부화 후 6일까지 영양강화 rotifer를 공급하는 것보다 소화효소 활성을 향상시킨 먹이를 공급하는 것이 자어의 소화력 측면에서 유익하며, 이후 소화기관의 발달로 영양의 흡수가 원활해져서 영양강화 효과가 자어의 성장으로 나타났다고 판단된다. 따라서 이후 소화효소활성과 영양의 측면에서 부화 후 6일 이후에 대한 상세한 고찰이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2001

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exhibits potent anti-carcinogenic and other biological activities in several animal models. We report here that dietary CLA, chemically synthesized from corn oil, accumulates I silkworm, Bombyx mori, which is used as therapeutic agent for diabetes in Korea and Japan. Mulberry leaves treated with 0.1 or 10% CLA in ethanol were supplied to silkworms from the end of 3rd instar to the 3rd day of the 5th instar. Fresh mulberry leaves or leaves treated with 10% corn oil in ethanol were fed as a check treatment. the amount of total lipids in the larval body ranged from 17.4 to 19.1mg/g of body tissue, which was not significantly affected by the source of the diets. No CLA was found in the control silkworms. But the level of CLA significantly increased to 83.5 mg/g of fat, when fed with mulberry leaves treated with 10% CLA. Only trace amounts of CLA were detected in the larvae reared with check leaves and 0.1% CLA-treated leaves. Mulberry leaves treatd with corn oil or CLA were not palatable to the larvae, resulting in a reduction of larval weight. These results suggest that silkworms containing CLA in body lipids could be producted by dietary CLA.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.144-152
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• 1998

Changes of biological components in haemolymph of Helicoverpa assulta Guenee were investigated during the development and pupae of cold-stress periods. Protein content was the highest in the larval stage, whereas it showed somewhat lower level at the cold-stressed pupae. The level of free amino acids was high in the larval and adult stages. Althougth decresed in pupal stage, the level of free amino acid remarkably increased at the cold-stressed pupae. Total lipids were a little increased at the pupal stage, after small quantity decreased in I-day old adults, and then remarkably decreased at the cold-stressed pupae. Glycogen was increased at the pupal stage, and somewhat decreased in the stage of adult, but remarkably decreased at the cold-stressed pupae. From thin layer chromatographic analysis, glucose was detected in small quantity at 1-day old pupae, one-day old adults, and cold-stressed pupae, respectively. Each .activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases was the highest in the 1 and 7-day old pupae, respectively, and both enzyme activities were increased about two-fold compared to the activity in the cold-stressed pupae. A total of 2 phosphatase isozymes were observed in throughout the developmental stage, and a new isozyme specific to cold-stressed pupae was identified.