• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.298-310
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• 2022

Although giant and large fish species are highly important as a keystone species in the marine ecosystem, there have been no or few studies on their spatio-temporal variations around the Korean peninsula. For this, we analyzed daily reports made by observers at 57 fishery landing sites in Korea over 6 years, from 2011 to 2016. In total, 153 fish species were re-identified based on photos and descriptions recorded by Korean observers, of which five species were classified as a giant fish over 5 m in maximum total length (MTL) and 17 species as a large fish from 3 m to 5 m MTL according to the data presented by Froese & Pauly (2021). Among the giant and large fish species, Mola mola was the most abundant species, with 75 individuals landed as by-catch. The second most abundant species was Isurus oxyrinchus (31), followed by Mobula mobular (23), Lamna ditropis (17), Masturus lanceolatus (16), Sphyrna zygaena (14), and Prionace glauca (12). As a result of cluster analysis based on the number of individuals of giant and large fish species by year and sea, six years were separated into two clusters (2011-2013 vs. 2014-2016), with high contribution of M. mola, I. oxyrinchus, and M. lanceolatus; and three seas were separated into two clusters (eastern + southern seas vs. western sea), with high contribution of M. lanceolatus, L. ditropis, and I. oxyrinchus. The largest number of M. mola accounted for 64% of the total in 2014 and 2016, and 71% in summer (June-August). It is assumed to have a correlation between seawater temperature fluctuation and the occurrence of giant and large fish species. Our study highlights importance of longterm monitoring of giant and large fish species, and can help to understand the life cycle such as natal or nursery migration of giant and large fish species around the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.477-483
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• 2013

Objective : Although surgical techniques for clipping paraclinoid aneurysms have evolved significantly in recent times, direct microsurgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms remains a formidable surgical challenge. We review here our surgical experiences in direct surgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms, especially in dealing with anterior clinoidectomy, distal dural ring resection, optic canal unroofing, clipping techniques, and surgical complications. Methods : Between September 2001 and February 2012, we directly obliterated ten large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms. In all cases, tailored orbito-zygomatic craniotomies with extradural and/or intradural clinoidectomy were performed. The efficacy of surgical clipping was evaluated with postoperative digital subtraction angiography and computed tomographic angiography. Results : Of the ten cases reported, five each were of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. Five aneurysms occurred in the carotid cave, two in the superior hypophyseal artery, two in the intracavernous, and one in the posterior wall. The mean diameter of the aneurysms sac was 18.8 mm in the greatest dimension. All large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms were obliterated with direct neck clipping without bypass. With the exception of the one intracavenous aneurysm, all large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms were occluded completely. Conclusion : The key features of successful surgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms include enhancing exposure of proximal neck of aneurysms, establishing proximal control, and completely obliterating aneurysms with minimal manipulation of the optic nerve. Our results suggest that internal carotid artery reconstruction using multiple fenestrated clips without bypass may potentially achieve complete occlusion of large paraclinoid aneurysms.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.191-194
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• 1971

The authors have studied cytomorphologically on the gian cells appearing in the giant cell lesions which had been collected from the biopsies at the department of oral pathology, college of dentistry, Seoul National University. The results are as follows: 1. We can classify two types of giant cells and large sized giant cells which have foamy, large nuclei and prominent nucleoli, and small sized giant cells which have small, round and homogenous stained cytoplasm. 2. We can not see the phagocytosed materials, only can see the foamy microvacuoles in the cytoplasm of giant cells. 3. We can not see the mitotic figures, nore fused figures in giant cells. 4. Osteoclasts in the periphery of bone tissue reveal large and pale stained with H-E stain, giant cells on the granulation tissue and chronic inflammatory tissue reveal deeply stained with hematoxylin and prominent nuclei, but smaller than osteoclasts.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2008

Productivity of the Giant Magellan Telescope is estimated based on the annual number of papers produced by the currently operating large telescopes such as the telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory, CFHT, AAT, the Magellan telescopes, ESO VLT, Japanese Subaru, the Gemini telescopes, and the Keck telescopes. We find that the amount of papers produced by a large telescope is roughly proportional to the diameter of its primary mirror. With this fact, we estimate the SCI-paper productivity of the Giant Magellan Telescope by extrapolating the productivity of the above-mentioned large telescopes. Moreover, according to the paper written in 2001 by Benn and Sanchez, the amount of highly-cited papers produced by a large telescope is roughly proportional to the light-gathering power of the telescope or the square of the diameter. Hence, we survey the productivity of Nature-class papers of the large telescopes and extrapolate the relationship to estimate the productivity of the Nature-class papers by using the Giant Magellan telescope of a filled aperture 21.4 meters in diameter. We expect that Korean astronomers will be able to produce annually 60 SCI-class papers and 20 Nature-class papers with high scientific impact by using the telescope-time corresponding to the 10% share of the Giant Magellan Telescope.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.833-838
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• 2006

Giant platelet syndrome is a group of unique disorders characterized by the presence of abnormally large platelets, and usually accompanied by thrombocytopenia. Most cases of giant platelets are encountered in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP). In contrast, inherited giant platelet disorders, a group of heterogeneous diseases, are rare. Bernard-Soulier syndrome and its variants, and MYH9 related diseases have been defined at the molecular level. Abnormalities in transcription factors are implicated in a couple of macrothrombocytopenia syndromes. However, the molecular defects are unknown in gray platelet syndrome. It is important to make a proper diagnosis of congenital macrothrombocytopenia to avoid unnecessary medications and potentially dangerous treatment for presumed ITP.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.154-159
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• 1994

Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma is one of the most highly malignant neoplasms of the lung. Although mixed malignant glandular or squamous components may be associated with a giant cell carcinoma, it is a distinct clinical and morphologic entity. We reviewed cytologic presentations of 6 cases of pulmonary giant ceil carcinoma. Cytologically, the single most characteristic feature of giant cell carcinoma was an extremely large, bizarre cancer cell engulfing numerous leukocytes. The nuclei of these cells showed occasional prominent nucleoli, and the cytoplasm was abundant. Giant cells were also seen in other types of pulmonary carcinoma, but the slant cells of this neoplasm could be differentiated from those encountered in undifferentiated large cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma by the abundant cytoplasm, the presence of markedly enlarged nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and a significant degree of phagocytosis. In conclusion, precise diagnosis and classification of lung cancer is imperative because of proved correlation between cell type and prognosis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.155-158
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• 2008

A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a one-month history of progressive headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a hemorrhagic mass adjacent to the left inferior cerebellar hemisphere associated with a peripheral rim of signal void. Angiography demonstrated an avascular mass and the provisional diagnosis was a large cavernous angioma in the cerebellum. Intraoperative findings revealed a thrombosed giant aneurysm of the left distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). We report an unusual case of a completely thrombosed giant aneurysm simulating a large cavernous angioma in the cerebellum. The cerebellar cisternal location of the mass may be a clue for the pre-operative diagnosis of an aneurysm.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 1972

The author has studied histochemically on the giant cells appeqring in the 10 giant cell lesions which had been collected from the biopsies at the deaprtment of oral pathology, college of dentistry, Seoul national university and dental sections of several hospitals in Seoul. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The giant cells varied in size had 2 to 10 nuclei without any mitotic figures. 2. The giant cells showed high granularity in cytoplasm, extreme irregularity in outline of nuclear and cytoplasmic membrane, and very large and prominent nucleoli. 3. The giant cells were reacted moderately by Periodic Acid-Schiffraction. 4. The chtoplams of giant cells were stained moderately of deeply with Pyronin, and their nuclei with Methyl green. 5. In the sections stained with Iron-Hematoxylin, the giant cells showed microvacules and fine granular type mitochondria aggregated close to nuclei but not phagocytosed materials.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.740-750
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• 2021

Objective : Retrograde suction decompression (RSD) is an adjuvant technique used for the microsurgical treatment of large and giant internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy and safety of the RSD technique for the treatment of large and giant ICA aneurysms relative to other conventional microsurgical techniques. Methods : The aneurysms were classified into two groups depending on whether the RSD method was used (21 in the RSD group vs. 43 in the non-RSD group). Baseline characteristics, details of the surgical procedure, angiographic outcomes, clinical outcomes, and procedure-related complications of each group were reviewed retrospectively. Results : There was no significant difference in the rates of complete neck-clipping between the RSD (57.1%) and non-RSD (67.4%) groups. Similarly, there was no difference in the rates of good clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, 0-2) between the RSD (85.7%) and non-RSD (81.4%) groups. Considering the initial functional status, 19 of 21 (90.5%) patients in the RSD group and 35 of 43 (81.4%) patients in the non-RSD group showed an improvement or no change in functional status, which did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion : In this study, the microsurgical treatment of large and giant intracranial ICA aneurysms using the RSD technique obtained competitive angiographic and clinical outcomes without increasing the risk of procedure-related complications. The RSD technique might be a useful technical option for the microsurgical treatment of large and giant intracranial ICA aneurysms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.79-80
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• 2001

A gingival mass was detected from a 1-year-old female Great Dane dog. After surgical removal, the lesions recurred in 2 weeks and died of septicemia. Characteristic histologic features were large numbers of multinucleated giant cells which were connected with capillary vessels. Neovascularization was prominent with mononuclear and polynuclear cell infiltration. Overall features of these lesions except for giant cell infiltration were similar to granuloma. From these results, a gingival mass excised from a dog was diagnosed to be a peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG). This is the first report of canine subcutaneous PGCG in Korea.