• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2001

An algorithm for estimating the lane departure of a vehicle is derived and implemented based on an EDF(edge distribution function) obtained from gray-level images taken by a CCD camera mounted on a vehicle. As the function of edge direction, the EDF is aimed to show the distribution of edge direction and to estimate the possibility of lane departure with respect to its symmetric axis and local mamma. The EDF plays important roles: 1) It reduces noisy effects caused by dynamic road scene. 2) It makes possible lane identification without camera modeling. 3) It also leads LDW(lane departure warning) problem to a mathematical approach. When the situations of lane departure such that the vehicle approaches to lane marks or runs in the vicinity of the lane marks are occurred, the orientation of lane marks in images is changed, and then the situations are immediately reflected to the EDF. Accordingly, the lane departure is estimated by studying the shape of the EDF. The proposed EDF-based algorithm enhanced the adaptability to cope with the random and dynamic road environments, and eventually led to the reliable LDW system.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.860-867
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• 2021

Lane detection is important technology for implementing ADAS or autonomous driving. Although edge detection has been typically used for the lane detection however, false detections occur frequently. To improve this problem, a deep learning based lane detection algorithm is proposed in this paper. This algorithm is mounted on an ARM-based embedded system to implement a LDW(lane departure warning). Since the embedded environment lacks computing power, the VGG-11, a lightweight model based on VGG-13, has been proposed. In order to evaluate the performance of the LDW, the test was conducted according to the test scenario of NHTSA.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study aims to analyze how the installation of advanced warning devices affects individual drivers' driving behaviors with operating record data collected from 100 vehicles. METHODS : With collected data, the changes in individual drivers' driving behaviors, such as Forward Collision Warning (FCW) and Lane Departure Warning (LDW), were investigated with respect to the cumulative distance traveled and driving time. For the analysis, operating record data collected from 100 vehicles for seven months were used. RESULTS : The results showed that individual drivers' driving behaviors could be categorized into six different types. In addition, most of the drivers showed unstable warning patterns in the initial stage after installation of an advanced warning device. Approximately 40% of vehicles equipped with advanced warning systems were found to have positive effects, indicating that the frequencies of both FCW and LDW had been continuously decreasing after installation of the system. CONCLUSIONS : The warning device might be helpful for making drivers' driving behaviors safer. Driving behaviors during the initial stage of the system installation, which might be regarded as an adaptation phase, were found to be very unstable compared with normal situations, indicating that adequate education and training should be provided to all the drivers to prevent operator disruption at the initial installation of the system.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 첨단안전장치의 운전지원장치중 하나인 차선이탈경고장치(Lane Departure Warning System; LDWS)의 이용자 만족도 분석에 초점을 맞추어 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 국내 실제 화물자동차 이용자를 대상으로 차선이탈경고장치를 보급하여 사용후 차선이탈경고장치의 사용만족도 및 교통사고예방효과등을 설문조사를 수행하였다. 설문분석을 통해 차선이탈경고장치의 효과를 이용자 중심 측면에서 분석하였다. 대부분 장거리 운전자가 응답대상이 되었으며, 사고발생의 경우 장시간 운전으로 인해 졸음운전등에 위험이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 교차분석 결과, 사용만족도는 평균주행거리, 경고제공시기, 차로이탈검지정확성, 날씨에 따른 검지정확성, 곡선도로주행시 검지정확성, 경고제공방식만족도와 관련성이 높은 것으로 도출되었다. 또한, 교통사고 예방효과는 경고제공시기, 차로이탈 검지정확성, 날씨에 따른 검지정확성, 속도에 따른 검지정확성, 곡선도로주행시 검지정확성이 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석결과 사용만족도는 곡선도로에서의 경고정보시스템 정확성이 이용만족도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 추후 LDWS와 같은 첨단장비를 장착한 차량들의 확대 보급시 교통안전 효과분석을 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다. 또한 차로이탈경고장치의 연구 및 보완시 도출된 변수에 초점을 맞춘다면 장치의 효과를 극대화 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 아울러 LDWS기능 및 성능 개선을 위한 평가방법 개발에도 연구결과가 효과적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2014

A study assessing driver acceptance level for various active safety systems against Korean drivers has been conducted. A 2013 Cadillac ATS model vehicle was tested along southern outskirt of Seoul including local roadway and interurban highway. Active safety systems included were FCA(Forward Collision Alert), LDW(Lane Departure Warning), SBZA(Side Blind Zone Alert), FRPA(Front/Rear Park Assist), RCTA(Rear Cross Traffic Alert), ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control), and AEB(Autonomous Emergency Braking). Participants experienced the FRPA, RCTA and AEB features in a controlled parking lot with a dummy vehicle and traffic cones as target obstacles. Remaining features have been tested on the accumulated stretched of 106 km long urban and interurban roadway. Series of questionnaires corresponding to each active safety systems have been conducted. Tentative results revealed that RCTA and SBZA systems received favourable ratings compared to the other ones.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2017

This paper addresses the effective and quantitative image DB construction for the development of front looking camera systems. The automotive industry has expanded the capability of front camera solutions that will help ADAS(Advanced Driver Assistance System) applications targeting Euro NCAP function requirements. These safety functions include AEB(Autonomous Emergency Braking), TSR(Traffic Signal Recognition), LDW(Lane Departure Warning) and FCW(Forward Collision Warning). In order to guarantee real road safety performance, the driving image DB logged under various real road conditions should be used to train core object classifiers and verify the function performance of the camera system. However, the driving image DB would entail an invalid and time consuming task without proper guidelines. The standard working procedures and design factors required for each step to build an effective image DB for reliable automotive front looking camera systems are proposed.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2014

본 논문은 최근 각광을 받고 있는 차선 이탈 알림 서비스인 LDW(Lane Departure Warning)와 같은 안정성 서비스를 제공하기 위하여, 비대칭 멀티코어 플랫폼을 구성한다. 멀티코어 플랫폼은 고속 영상처리를 담당하는 고속영상 MCU(Micro Controller Unit) 코어와 안정적인 제어를 요하는 곳에 저속 제어 MCU코어를 사용하는 멀티코어 H/W 플랫폼상에 AUTOSAR S/W플랫폼을 포팅하고, AUTOSAR 개발방법론에 따른 MBD(Model Based Development) 기반 모델을 활용하여 LDW 소프트웨어 컴포넌트(SW-C)를 설계하고 동작을 검증한다. 또한 고속 영상 MCU와 저속 제어 MCU간에는 가상화 기법을 사용하지 않고 타이머 기반 공유 메모리를 이용한 폴링 기법의 IPC(Inter Processor Communication) 기능을 개발하고, 외부 타 ECU(Electronic Contol Unit)와의 CAN 통신기능을 개발하여 알람 신호, 차량 시뮬레이션 신호와 같은 제어 신호 송수신을 처리할 수 있도록 AUTOSAR S/W 플랫폼을 적용한다. 본 연구를 통하여 고속 및 저속 비대칭 멀티코어상에 AUTOSAR가 탑재된 ECU 기능 개발이 가능함을 확인함으로써, ADAS(Advanced Driver Assistance System)와 같은 다양한 응용 서비스들을 제공할 수 있게 되며, ISO 26262로 대변되는 차량 기능안정성 확보가 가능하게 된다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2015

This study examined the drivers' acceptance level of various active safety features with Korean drivers on Seoul urban and city roads. The test vehicle, 2013 Cadillac ATS, was equipped with FCA(Forward Collision Alert), LDW(Lane Departure Warning), SBZA(Side Blind Zone Alert), FRPA(Front/Rear Park Assist), RCTA(Rear Cross Traffic Alert), ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control), and AEB(Autonomous Emergency Braking). Participants had chances to run the tests on those systems in the parking lot accompanied by the 106km long stretch of predetermined route including local road and interurban highway in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do under normal traffic flowing environment. After the test, participants completed a series of questionnaires about the features they experienced. The results revealed that RCTA and SBZA systems received more favourable ratings compared to the other features in avoiding crashes. The respondents preferred sound alerts to haptic ones even though haptic warning methods were better in providing directional information.