• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2010

The increase of impervious cover (IC) in a watershed is known as an important factor causing alteration of water cycle, deterioration of water quality and biological communities of urban streams. The study objective was to assess the impact of IC changes on the surface runoff characteristics of Kap Stream basin located in Geum river basin (Korea) using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). SWMM was calibrated and verified using the flow data observed at outlet of the watershed with 8 days interval in 2007 and 2008. According to the analysis of Landsat satellite imagery data every 5 years from 1975 to 2000, the IC of the watershed has linearly increased from 4.9% to 10.5% during last 25 years. The validated model was applied to simulate the runoff flow rates from the watershed with different IC rates every five years using the climate forcing data of 2007 and 2008. The simulation results indicated that the increase of IC area in the watershed has resulted in the increase of peak runoff and reduction of travel time during flood events. The flood flow ($Q_{95}$) and normal flow ($Q_{180}$) rates of Kap Stream increased with the IC rate. However, the low flow ($Q_{275}$) and drought flow ($Q_{355}$) rates showed no significant difference. Thus the subsurface flow simulation algorithm of the model needs to be revisited for better assessment of the impact of impervious cover on the long-term runoff process.

• 생태와환경
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.202-213
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• 2014

전라남도는 우리나라에서 50% 이상을 차지하는 섬과 갯벌을 가지고 있다. 특히 그중에서도 신안군은 가장 많은 섬 개수와 넓은 갯벌을 차지하고 있다. 신안군은 2개읍, 12면으로 구성되어 있고 약 1,000여개의 유 무인도 섬들이 산재해 있다. 섬과 갯벌이라는 독특한 생태계 특성을 가진 신안군의 생태계서비스 가치를 Costanza et al. (1997)의 생물군계에 의해 계산하였다. 신안군은 갯벌이 가장 높은 생태계서비스 가치를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 대부분의 섬에서 같은 결과를 보였고 특히 압해읍과 지도읍이 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 증도면의 경우에는 실제적으로 군내에서는 면적이 11위에 해당하지만 생태계서비스 가치는 전체에서 4위를 나타내었다. 현재까지의 연구 상황으로는 정확하게 생태계서비스 가치를 계산하는 것이 어렵지만 대략의 가치라도 측정해 보는 것도 중요하다고 판단된다. 신안군 전체의 생태계 서비스 가치를 살펴봄으로써 현재 가지고 있는 가치를 잘 보전하고 지속적으로 활용하기 위한 정책에 활용하는 것이 필요하다. 특히 갯벌이라는 독특한 생태계를 잘 보전하고 이를 올바르게 활용할 수 있는 시스템 구축이 절실하다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 앞으로 신안군 발전계획 등의 정책결정에 좋은 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to develop and apply a water quality simulation model for the evaluation of ungaged watershed. The Modified WASP5 consisted of three sub-models, LOAD-M, DYN-M, and EUT-M. LOAD-M, an empirical model, estimates runoff loadings using point and non-point source data of villages. Daecheong Dam watershed was selected for the research to calibrate, verify and application of Modified-WASP5. LOAD-M model was established using field data collected from all items of water quality and water quantity gaging stations of the watersheds, and was applied to the ungauged watersheds, taking the watershed properties under consideration. The result of water quality simulation using ModifiedWASP5 shows that the observed BOD data of Yongpo and Daechong Dam in 1999 were 0.8 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L, and simulated data were 0.9 mg/L and 0.9 mg/L, respectively. In case of 1999, average BOD concentrations were 0.8 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L. Simulated concentration showed 1.1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Generally, the simulation results were in good agreement with the observed data. This study was focused on formulating an integrated model for evaluating ungauged watersheds. Even though simulation results varied slightly due to limited availability of data, the model developed in this study would be a useful tool for the assessment and management of ungauged watersheds.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2009

환경친화적인 도로노선대 선정을 위하여 공간분석기능을 활용한 GIS 기반 환경성평가 기법을 개발하고 실제 사례노선을 통하여 검증해 보고자 하였다. 도로건설 사업으로 인해 환경훼손을 가져오는 요인에 관한 분석을 바탕으로 영향범주를 구체화 시킨 후, 이에 관한 다양한 등급화 사례 및 법적 규제에 관한 문헌조사를 수행하였다. 공간 분석을 위한 정량화 모델로는 AHP를 선택하였다. 환경성 평가항목으로는 지형지질, 동식물, 토양생태, 수질, 대기질, 소음진동, 토지이용, 위락경관의 8개 항목을 선정하고 그에 따른 세부지표를 구성하여 이를 3등급 체계로 구분하였다. 가중치 산정을 위해 쌍대비교에 의한 설문수행 결과 동식물 1등급의 가중치가 0.191로 가장 높게 산출되었다. 위 방법을 사례지역에 대하여 검증한 결과 가장 환경친화적인 도로노선대를 생성할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.125-128
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• 2016

The chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted from Albizziae julibrissin barks were analyzed by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry spectrometry. Fourteen components were identified, representing 89.23 % of the total oil composition. The analysis of the essential oil revealed that the essential oil contains 14 compounds, accounting for 89.23 % of the total oil. Hexanoic acid was the principal component (41.43 %) of the essential oil, followed by 4,4,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-ol (11.16 %), palmitic acid (9.00 %), 2-pentylfuran (5.66 %), 2-butyl-2-octenal (4.12 %), linoleic acid (3.10%), amyl hexanoate (3.01%), (E,E)-2,4-decadienal (2.49 %), 2-hexylthiophene (2.47 %), caprylic acid (2.13 %), ${\delta}-undecalactone$ (1.52 %), heptanoic acid (1.27 %), 3,5-octadien-2-ol (0.99 %), and 2-octenal (0.88 %). The acaricidal activity of the A. julibrissin oil was tested against Dermatophagoides farina, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae by the fumigant bioassay. Based on the $LD_{50}$ values, the essential oil exhibited strong acaricidal activities against D. farinae ($LD_{50}$, $4.88{\mu}g/cm^3$), D. pteronyssinus ($2.44{\mu}g/cm^3$), and T. putrescentiae ($1.22{\mu}g/cm^3$). These results indicate that A. julibrissin oil could be a source of acaricidal agents for mite control.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.392-395
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• 2006

농경지에 과거에 사용했거나 사용 중인 9종의 제초제가 농경지에 서식하는 지렁이에게 악영향이 있는지 알기위하여 추천사용량, 2배량 및 4배량을 기준으로 토양표토처리법, 침지법, 여지접촉법으로 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 토양표토처리법에서 처리양과 제초제 종류와 관계없이 무처리와 비교하여 통계적인 유의성이 없었다. 침지법의 4배량에서 phamid WP는 34%, alra EC는 64%의 치사율을 나타냈고, 여지접촉법의 추천사용량에서 phamid WP는 33%, 2배량에서 phamid WP는 37%, alra EC는 80%, triclopyr EC는 10%, 4배량에서 phamid WP는 96%, alra EC는 80%, triclopyr EC는 37%, glyphosate SL는 47%, Paraco SL는 37%, pyributicarb WP는 10%, Glufosinate-ammonium SL는 33%의 지렁이 치사율을 나타냈다.

• 한국도시환경학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.439-453
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 자연공원내 주요 음용수에 대한 수질특성을 평가하여 기초정보를 제공함과 적절한 관리방안을 제언하는데 그 목적이 있다. 분석결과 미생물은 자연공원이라는 지리적 특성상 대부분 검출되는 것으로 나타났고, 일부 대상지에서는 현재 자외선살균기 및 오존처리를 시행하고 있듯이 기타 주요 음용수에도 확대하여 사용하는 것이 적절한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 가정에서 음용시 끓여 마심으로 자연소독을 하는 것이 적절한 것으로 판단되며, 탁도 등이 일부 먹는 물 수질기준(샘물)을 초과하는 것으로 나타났으나, 음용수 주변의 환경정화 등으로 개선할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. 전반적으로 자연공원내 주요 음용수는 먹는물 수질기준(샘물)에 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 청소 등의 정기적인 관리와 개선이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.2003-2011
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of marinating turkey meat with buttermilk and acid whey on the technological traits and microbiological quality of the product. Methods: Slices of turkey meat muscles were marinated for 12 hours in buttermilk (n = 30), acid whey (n = 30) and comparatively, in lemon juice (n = 30). The control group (n = 30) consisted of unmarinated slices of turkey breast muscles. Physical parameters (pH, water holding capacity, colour L^*a^*b^*, shear force, weight loss) were assessed and quantitative and qualitative microbiological evaluation of raw and roasted products was performed. The microbiological parameters were determined as the total viable counts of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Pseudomonas spp. Bacterial identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results: Marinating turkey meat in buttermilk and whey compared to marinating in lemon juice and the control sample resulted in a higher (p<0.05) degree of yellow color saturation (b^*) and a reduction (p<0.05) in the number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae family as well as the number of identified mesophilic aerobic bacteria in both raw and roasted samples. The lowest (p<0.05) shear force values were found in products marinated in whey. Conclusion: The use of buttermilk and acid whey as a marinade for meat increases the microbiological safety of the product compared to marinating in lemon juice, while maintaining good technological features of the product.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

Background and objective: The physical environment where children spend most of their time is closely associated with their emotional development. To improve the emotional health of children, the introduction of natural elements in the indoor space has been suggested, the benefits of which have been shown in preliminary studies. This study aims to examine the effects that a biowall - a wall installation - in a classroom has on the emotional health of children in kindergarten. Methods: A total of four biowalls were separately installed in four kindergarten classrooms at a school in Seoul, South Korea, and the 60 children in these classrooms participated in the study. We assessed the children's emotional intelligence (via an Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale), resilience (via the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment), and eco-friendly attitudes (via the Children's Attitudes Toward Scale) before the installation of the biowalls and then again 3 months later. Results: The children's emotional intelligence, resilience, and eco-friendly attitudes had been significantly improved after the installation of the biowalls (p = .01). The sub-categories of the children's emotional intelligence and resilience were also significantly improved (p < .001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of biowalls-as an indoor environmental factor-in promoting the healthy emotional development of children. By bringing natural elements into indoor classroom settings, biowalls appear to increase children's direct/indirect contact with nature. To extrapolate the results of the study to the general population, future studies should be conducted with broader age groups.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2022

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are defined as practical and technical approaches to restoring functioning ecosystems and biodiversity as a means to address socio-environmental challenges and provide human-nature co-benefits. This study reviews NbS-related literature to identify its key characteristics, techniques, and challenges for its application in climate-adaptive water management. The review finds that NbS has been commonly used as an umbrella term incorporating a wide range of existing ecosystem-based approaches such as low-impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP), forest landscape restoration (FLR), and blue-green infrastructure (BGI), rather than being a uniquely-situated practice. Its technical form and operation can vary significantly depending on the spatial scale (small versus large), objective (mitigation, adaptation, naturalization), and problem (water supply, quality, flooding). Commonly cited techniques include green spaces, permeable surfaces, wetlands, infiltration ponds, and riparian buffers in urban sites, while afforestation, floodplain restoration, and reed beds appear common in non- and less-urban settings. There is a greater lack of operational clarity for large-scale NbS than for small-scale NbS in urban areas. NbS can be a powerful tool that enables an integrated and coordinated action embracing not only water management, but also microclimate moderation, ecosystem conservation, and emissions reduction. This study points out the importance of developing decision-making guidelines that can inform practitioners of the selection, operation, and evaluation of NbS for specific sites. The absence of this framework is one of the obstacles to mainstreaming NbS for water management. More case studies are needed for empirical assessment of NbS.