• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.66-79
• /
• 2000

Landscape impact assessment(LIA) is an aid to decision-making. For the decision maker, LIA provides a scientific examination of the predicted landscape implications of a proposed action and of the mitigation measures, before a decision is taken. Thus, the efficacy of LIA depends on the scientific credibility of the prediction and mitigation measures described in the landscape impact statement. The purpose of this paper was to examine the efficacy of LIA through the content analysis of prediction and mitigation measures in the selected 39 landscape impact statements and 34 environmental impact statements. The content of the selected statements was analyzed in terms of the quantification, precision, significance, and likelihood. The results showed that both prediction and mitigation measures were very low in the scientific credibility. Specifically, the prediction was ambiguously described without scientific probability, and the effect of mitigation measures was not specifically presented in the reports. Thus, landscape impact statement can not give credible information in the decision making process, which weakens the efficacy as an aid to decision-making. Based on the results, several suggestions were presented to enhance the efficacy of LIA.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.219-222
• /
• 2005

District unit plan was arranged for rational induction and regulation of development due to increase of demand for comfortable environment and change of recognition of urban view. This study analyzes cases of district unit plan since 2003 and draws the following conclusions to provide basic material necessary for landscape impact assessment and analysis of actual conditions. It used regulation of design factors and analysis of physical index in making view plan and focuses on characteristics of visual perception in predicting impact through simulation. Future landscape impact assessment must establish a variety of indices and application of various techniques.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 1994

This study conducted a visual impact assessment of an apartment complex project proposed in Jungkye-dong, Seoul. Three design alternatives of the project-alternatives 1, 2, and 3-which differed in form, color, scale, and arrangement of buildings were simulated with computer image processing technique. The simulations were presented to the public who were mainly residents in the project area, and visual impact resulted from the alternatives was assessed by them. Their responses were then statistically analyzed. It was found that, in terms of compatibility with the surrounding landscape, alternative 1 was the most favourable because it was more traditional, natural, and diverse than alternatives 2 and 3. At the same time, the alternative was most preferred by the public because it was more plain, natural, and diverse than other alternatives. It was suggested that the visual impact assessment with public participation conducted in this study would help both planners and the public to make more intelligent decisions.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 1992

To prevent unwanted visual impacts of proposed projects before they are actually built, Visual Impact Assessment(VIA) is conducted in current landscape planning and management process. The application of VIA to actual projects raises some important questions: "What views will the project affect?" "What tools and techniques are effective for predicting and portraying future landscape conditions?" "Who should determine the value of the impacts?" and "How can the impacts be measured?" Types and levels of visual impacts should be decided through analyzing both the existing landscape and the proposed project. Computer-based visual simulations will play a pivotal role as effective prediction and communication tools. With professionals' assistance, the public participation in the VIA process will produce meaningful solutions for planning and managing the future landscape. Also, the use of a proper response format and sensitive assessment criteria in measuring the public's opinion will enrich outcomes of the assessment. Based on the methodological framework, the case study briefly explains an application of VIA to an actual project.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.80-86
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest a case study and anlaysis of the visual impact in dam construction through visual impact assessment method in Dong-sang river. The results can be summarized as follows; 1) For the evaluation of the visual impact of dam construction, five steps such as field analysis of visual status, finding visual sensitivity area and visual control point, making visual simulation material and evaluation, and visual impact analysis and assessment were suggested as desirable. 2) In the case study, the visual impact of dam construction was evaluated to be simple, unique, modern, static, cool and unfamiliar. 3) There was a few difference between the pre-construction and post-construction in statistical test. Especially, The dam in Man-Jee area was evaluated to be artificial, unique and destroyed in statistical difference, and then we design dam structure with visual friendliness. 4) In conclusion, there was high correlation between pre-construction landscape and post-construction landscape through semantic differential scale method using eleven adjectives. Therefore, we state that there is no visual impact for the dam construction for the moment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.22-26
• /
• 2007

In this study we had chosen the examples of the development projects, so that examined about the process of the landscape impact assessment and the detail evaluation items. Especially the part of the leisure facilities and the landscape aspects among the evaluation items were reviewed whether followed the process of environment impact assessment or not, whether the impact estimate, and depreciation scheme according to the present condition and enforcement of the actual development projects perform reasonably or not. From the study, derived the improvement on the landscape impact evaluation using with 3D Simulation method is expected to contribute to the valid landscape impact assessment and the reasonable alternative proposal.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.369-382
• /
• 2003

Natural resources managers have considered the landscape without detailed consideration of aesthetic values of the landscape and geomorphological significance of unique landforms. Since EIA system was introduced in 1981, values associated with landscape protection have been neglected at best compared with those values traditionally attributed to environmental protection, including clean air, water quality and species protection. Black top highways are being built without consideration of harmful effects to the sea cliffs. Sea walls and tetrapod are being installed to protect the coastal towns and fish markets for tourist. However, beach itself are experiencing accelerated erosion due to the shortage of proper coastal engineering expertise. Hotels and condominiums are under construction on a massive scale around the national parks, which substitute the scenic ridges with concrete profiles. To protect the scenic beauty of national parks, their design and construction material should be more harmonious with the surroundings. Therefore, visual impact assessment should be applied both within the national park boundary and beyond to enhance the aesthetic values of national parks.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.99-117
• /
• 2019

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), which predicts, evaluates, and manages the influences on natural landscape, plays a role of monitoring natural resources for systematic management of natural landscape. However, the function of verification and correction of the system is still insufficient and feed-back, one of the most important features of EIA follow-up, has not been introduced in Korea's EIA system yet. As a procedure, it is required to check if the opinions of the evaluators are properly reflected to the outcomes of the project through a reviewing process after assessing environmental impacts of a development project. In reality, despite the awareness about the importance of follow-up inspection of the conformity with, the system mainly focuses on the agreement during the planning stage of the development project and fails to continuously manage after its completion. There have been various preceding studies related to prediction, evaluation, and management of environmental impacts on natural landscape for better management. They primarily dealt with the problems in the EIA process and suggested improvement measures, including directions for institutional development, step-by-step goals, and operation methods, to address the problems which arise in the EIA follow-up process. However, suggested measures are not actively applied with the focus only put on institutional operation, there are virtually no standardized methods to predict and assess landscape changes due to the development project and to manage landscape after the project. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore the existing methods to analyze the impacts natural landscape and to establish a system where landscape management is continued after the development project. To this end, we will suggest reducing methods according to the predicted changes in landscape for post-project management of natural landscape. Characteristics of reduction methods by project type were examined through reviewing the guide to natural landscape rating and the importance of development project impacts on natural landscape by type of reduction was evaluated through questionnaire for experts. Evaluated types of reduction are classified and presented by characteristics of each development project and content of reduction type.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.230-241
• /
• 2023

At a time when it is urgent to establish a management system for landscape quality assessment of offshore wind farms in Korea, we analyzed foreign cases to draw implications for improving the landscape quality assessment of offshore wind farms in Korea and to explore the direction of efficient landscape assessment. The main contents derived from the analysis of overseas cases and systems are as follows. First, offshore wind farms are large-scale projects, and it is necessary to consider the landscape from the pre-planning stage, as in overseas cases. Second, the evaluation items for marine landscape quality should be expanded and systematized. Third, a flexible evaluation system that can consider new landscape impacts is required. In order to identify the landscape impacts of offshore wind farm projects, we refer to the landscape assessment items and procedures derived from overseas cases, but reflect them appropriately to the domestic maritime conditions, and specifically introduce a plan to minimize the landscape impacts that may occur during offshore wind farm projects to contribute to the sustainable use of offshore wind power.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.903-916
• /
• 2012

We need to use aesthetic landscape assessment(ALA) as the means of riparian buffer zone(RBZ) management. This study verified the political validity of designation policy of RBZ and land purchase policy. The purpose of this study was to propose RBZ landscape management strategies through ALA of RBZ in Gyeongan Stream for the better attractive and healthy riparian landscapes. The natural type landscape units(LUs) covered 40.9% of the entire area and the cultivated land type LUs covered 20.58%. Landscape assessment consisted of landscape quality and landscape integration assessment. The criteria for assessing landscape quality(LQ) were naturalness, interest, uniqueness, and landscape function. LQ was ranked into five grades using a matrix. The landscape integration assessment consisted of an inner integration assessment in each LU and outer integration assessment among LUs. To review the propriety of designating the riparian area and the riparian ecological belt, differences in ecological appraisal and aesthetic valuation were reviewed through a t-test, Oneway ANOVA, and logistic analysis. The results of ALA, 29.15% of the entire area scored at grade 1 in LQ, while 31.95% scored at grade 5, indicating that grade 5 areas occupied a high share. Surveyed areas were divided into designated RBZ and undesignated RBZ. Results indicated that designated RBZ scored grade 1 in LQ took up 33.2% of the total, significantly higher than the 23.3% taken up by undesignated RBZ. When examined according to buffer distance, grade 1 areas within 50m took up 50.2% of the total area, lower than the 32.7% at buffer distances of 500m-1km. Results indicated a 1% statistically significant difference. Accordingly, analysis was undertaken for the expansion of designation of the riparian area and the selection of appropriate land for formation of a riparian ecological belt, and was designated at priority 1 and 2 for land purchase. This study can also contribute to the formation of a riverine eco-belt through discovery of design factors for upgrading the ecology, aesthetics, and landscape of the riparian area and application in determining land purchase priorities.