• 환경영향평가
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2021

도시지역 폭염에 대한 보다 나은 이해를 위해서는 토지이용의 총량적 이해와 더불어서 토지이용의 공간적 위치분배와 폭염현상과의 관계성 이해도 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 군집개발과 파편화된 개발이 폭염일수와 순위상관관계를 보이고 있는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 주요연구방법으로는 형태학적공간패턴, 공간자기상관성, 스피어만상관성 분석을 이용하였다. 연구대상지는 대구, 광주, 울산, 부산, 대전광역시이며 폭염지표는 30년간 연간폭염일수로 설정하였다. 본 연구는 군집개발 유무보다는 나홀로 개발 등의 파편화개발방식이 폭염에 부정적이라는 점을 보여주고 있으며 이는 곧 개발형태가 폭염과 관계가 있음을 의미한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.462-470
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• 2012

The availability and efficient use of the feed resources in India are the primary drivers to maximize productivity of Indian livestock. Feed security is vital to the livestock management, extent of use, conservation and productivity enhancement. Assessment and forecasting of livestock feed resources are most important for effective planning and policy making. In the present study, 40 years of data on crop production, land use pattern, rainfall, its deviation from normal, area under crop and yield of crop were collected and modeled to forecast the likely production of feed resources for the next 20 years. The higher order auto-regressive (AR) models were used to develop efficient forecasting models. Use of climatic variables (actual rainfall and its deviation from normal) in combination with non-climatic factors like area under each crop, yield of crop, lag period etc., increased the efficiency of forecasting models. From the best fitting models, the current total dry matter (DM) availability in India was estimated to be 510.6 million tonnes (mt) comprising of 47.2 mt from concentrates, 319.6 mt from crop residues and 143.8 mt from greens. The availability of DM from dry fodder, green fodder and concentrates is forecasted at 409.4, 135.6 and 61.2 mt, respectively, for 2030.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the physical characteristics of the detached housing area in the housing site development district. The process of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the physical structure and the building use, then to analyze the relationship of physical structure and the building use in the aspect of the morphological characteristics. The case study focuses on the Chil-kok2, An-Siml in Taegu. The streets pattern is composited gird and loop type mixed. The block is composited by 2 lots in general. But the obscurity of organization and character of the streets, the size and shape of lots which is not fit to the building use. A whole residential characters appears high residential density ratio. so residential environment became worse. The improving level of residential environment and efficiency of land use in the detached housing area of the housing site development district, firstly the propriety of the physical structure must be considered about detached house characters, and the housing uses which fit to the physical structure are needed, and also for the concrete realization of this, the designation of district, the zoning of residential area, the guideline of the district design, and establishment of comprehensive master planning in detached housing area are needed in aspect of the housing policy. As the result of this study, it suggests several design guideline to improve housing site development.

• 생태와환경
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.392-402
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• 2012

본 연구는 어류군집을 이용하여 회야강 수계와 인근 하천의 건강도를 분석하고 해당하천을 효과적으로 관리하기 위하여 29지점에 대한 어류상을 조사하였다. 2007년 실시된 조사에서 총 12과 33종의 어류가 채집되었으며, 전체 조사지점에서 우점종은 피라미 (Zacco platypus, RA: 24.8%), 아우점종은 버들치(Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, RA: 16.2%)로 나타났다. 또한 8종의 한국고유종과 4종의 외래종, 그리고 타 수계로부터 도입된 2종의 이입종(끄리, Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis; 치리, Hemiculter eigenmanni)의 서식이 확인되었다. 하천별 건강성 평가를 위해 어류군집을 이용하여 생물보전지수 (IBI)를 구한 결과 2지점이 B 등급인 것을 제외한 대부분 C~D등급으로 확인되었다. 조사지점 인근의 토지이용이 하천의 건강성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 생물보전지수와 토지이용과의 Pearson correlation 분석을 실시한 결과 개발지가 증가할수록 생물보전지수가 감소하였다(r=-0.425, p=0.022). 반대로 생물보전지수와 숲과 초지는 양의 상관성을 보였으며(r=0.556, p=0.002), 경작지는 유의한 상관관계를 나타내지 않았다 (r=-0.231, p=0.333). 본 연구를 통해 확인된 회야강 수계 및 인근하천의 어류군집구조, 하천의 건강도, 인근 토지이용과의 상관관계는 유역 토지의 개발로 인한 인근 하천의 영향 예측 및 해당하천의 관리 및 복원사업에 있어 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2011

하구의 체계적인 관리를 위해서는 하구의 특성과 분포를 반영한 분류가 먼저 이루어져야 한다. 이 연구에서는 지리정보시스템, 고해상도 항공사진 및 지형도 등을 사용하여 우리나라의 463개 하구의 특성과 분포를 파악하였고, 이들 하구의 하구순환 유지 여부, 지형적 특성, 자연서식지 특성, 이용개발 특성에 기초하여 유형을 분류하였다. 하구 순환이 이루어지는 235개의 '열린하구'는 지형적 특성에 따라 '산지/절벽형', '사취형' 및 '깔대기형'으로 구분하였으며, 각 유형에 속하는 하구는 각각 41, 87, 107개로 분류되었다. 구분된 각 하구는 다시 자연서식지 특성과 이용 개발 특성에 따라 3가지 유형으로 세분하여, 열린하구는 총 9개의 유형으로 구분하였다. 하구순환이 차단된 228개의 '닫힌하구'는 차단 형태에 따라 '직접차단'과 '하구호' 형성에 의한 간접차단으로 구분하였다. 직접차단 형태의 하구를 다시 자연서식지 및 이용개발 특성에 따라 3가지 유형으로 세분하였으며 각 유형에 속하는 하구는 각각 25, 64, 55개로 분류되었다. 간접차단 하구는 84개가 파악되었으나 세분하지 않아 닫힌하구는 총 4개의 유형으로 구분되었다. 이 유형분류 체계는 하구의 지형적 특성, 자연서식지의 현황 및 토지이용 특성을 모두 반영하고 있어 국가 차원의 하구관리에 있어서 우선순위를 결정하고 관리방향을 설정하는데 효과적으로 활용할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2003

우리나라 산촌마을의 경관구조를 경관생태학적 패러다임인 토지 모자이크 모형에 의해 해석하였다. 상대적으로 개발의 영향이 적게 작용하여 산림청의 산촌종합개발사업 대상마을로 선정된 전북 김제시 선동리 아직, 산수마을을 연구대상지로 선정하였다. 전형적으로 나타나는 마을유역의 면적(2.8∼2.0㎢), 마을구역 및 농경지의 면적율(27%), 숲의 면적율(73%)이 조사되었다. 패취 경계형태의 깔때기 효과 특성은 3차원적 지형요소와 풍수지리적 형국도를 원용하여 해석할 수 있었다. 패취 경계형태의 깔때기는 동물이동 주요 통로로 보며 하천에 의하여 형성되는 만입부는 물과 대기 흐름의 장소로 동시에 적용될 때 물질흐름이 해석될 수 있었고, 이러한 깔때기 효과의 개념은 풍수지리에서 사용되는 형국도에서 중심축과 지류축으로 나타나고 있었다. 이러한 내용은 산촌생태마을 계획. 설계 시 보전해야 할 숲의 적정 크기와 하천 및 능선의 녹지축 net-working을 하기 위한 기본적 틀로서 적용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2013

In this research, a habitat model for Chinemys reevesii is suggested based on the components and variables of the Habitat Suitability Index which was determined through a series of literature researches, site surveys, and behavioral analysis. After reviewing the general habitat requirements, the site surveys(9 reservoirs) from July to December 2010, and the behavioral analysis of five Chinemys reevesii, the relationship between the behavioral and habitat use pattern was evaluated. According to the site surveys and behavioral analysis, the ecological core area(FK 50%) was about 0.96ha on average, the influence area(FK 90%) 4.22ha, and the home range was about $37.75{\pm}17.26m$ on average. As for the habitat use pattern of Chinemys reevesii, it travels through canals, and is influenced by the surrounding land uses. Also when there is a lack of food, the home range increases, and during hibernation, Chinemys reevesii prefers to be in an area within 1~2m range of water shores of fine textured soil and aquatic plants. After analyzing the information, the HSI standard was set and its components were determined as food, sunbathing and cover, aquatic environment, and spatial relationships. And the variables and the ranges of the components was determined as aquatic plant cover(0~49.81%), sandy area($3{\sim}13m^2$) and water velocity(0~60cm/s) etc. Lastly, plans and sections of the habitat model is provided designed according to the information from the researches, and problems to consider during habitat restoration was suggested in order to help understand about Chinemys reevesii habitat.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권5호
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• pp.593-601
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• 2009

Forest disturbances including forest fire, insect pests and diseases, landslides, and forest conversion from 1976 to 2005 were investigated to trace the changes of major forest disturbance agents and their characteristics over time in accordance with changes in natural and social environment in South Korea. While the damaged area by insect pests and diseases continuously decreased for the past 30 years, damaged areas by forest fire and landslide were fluctuating through years. The interval of large forest fires has become shorter with increased tree volume. The precipitation between January and April were significantly correlated with large fire occurrences as Pearson's correlation coefficient -0.400 (P=0.029). The composition of major insect pests and diseases damaging Korean forests has been changed continuously, and become more diversified. While damages by pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis) and pine needle gall midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis) decreased, damage by introduced pests has been more serious recently. The change of precipitation pattern that brought more localized heavy rain or powerful typhoon resulted in the recent increase in landslide areas. The major land uses to induce forest conversion have been changed, reflecting the changes in industrial structure in South Korea as agriculture and mining in 1970s, mining and golf ranges classified in pasture in 1980s, and road and housing construction in 1990s and 2000s. Changes in forest disturbance patterns in South Korea show that a country's industrial development is jointly working with global warming on forest stand dynamics. Altering energy structure and land use pattern induced by industrial development accumulates forest volume and reforms microenvironments on forest floor, interacting with climate change, inducing shorter interval of large forest fire and changes in major species composition of forest insect pests and diseases.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2009

Coastal sand dune area is the important ecosystem as an ecotone which located between coastal area and terrestrial area. Moreover, it is very complicate landscape that have geomorphological interaction between erosion and accumulation of sand. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the sand dune ecosystem in view point of landscape scale including background landscape affecting origin of sand dune. Landscape ecological approach in the complicate ecosystem already started in developed countries, and it is applied to land management and biodiversity conservation strategies even in national scale. In this paper, landscape ecological analysis using landscape pattern analysis was carried out on 7 study areas (Yellow Sea : Hakampo and Doksan, South Sea : Namyeol and Balpo, East Sea : Hosan, Hupo and Goraebul) in Korean coastal sand dune ecosystem. Landscape elements were composed by 9 elements in these study areas. Major background landscape elements was the forest land and agricultural field. Namyeol (S06) has larger patch landscape compare to other areas. In patch shape indices, Hupo (E10) shows more complicate patch shapes. The high landscape heterogeneity showed in the Doksan sand dune area and that of Hosan. It shows that these areas were composed by various patch types. However, using landscape indices have to use very carefully because several variables have influence to the result such as scale and spatial pattern of study areas. Although landscape analysis through landscape indices shows sometimes difficult to explain the ecosystem, landscape scale approach on ecosystem assessment still useful to interpret in ecological process in large range of habitat.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2018

Agricultural or rural landscape provides various ecosystem services. However, the ecosystem services function is declining due to various environmental problems such as climate change, land use change, stream intensification, non-point pollution and garbage. The A1B scenario predicts that the mean air temperature of South Korea will rise $3.8^{\circ}C$ degrees celsius in 2100. Agricultural sector is very vulnerable to climate change, so it must be thoroughly predicted and managed. In Korea, the facility horticulture complex is 54,051ha in 2016 and is the 3rd largest in the world(MAFRA, 2014). Facilities of horticultural complexes are reported to cause problems such as groundwater decrease, vegetation and insects diversity reduction, landscapes damage and garbage increase, compared with the existing land use paddy fields. Heat island phenomenon associated with climate change is also accelerated by the high heat absorption of horticultural sites. Therefore, we analyzed the heat island phenomenon occurring in the facility of horticultural complex in Korea. As an improvement measurement, I examined how much air temperature is reduced by putting the channel and the open space. In the case of the Buyeo area, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was analyzed for the average summer temperature distribution in the current land use mode at $38.9^{\circ}C$. As an improvement measurement, CFD simulation after 10% of 6m water channel was found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.7^{\circ}C$ compared with the present average of $36.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $34.7^{\circ}C$, which is $4.2^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. For the Jinju area, CFD simulations were analyzed for the average temperature of summer at $37.8^{\circ}C$ in the present land use pattern. As an improvement measure, CFD simulations after 10% of 6m water channel were found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.6^{\circ}C$ compared to the current average of $35.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $33.9^{\circ}C$, which is $3.9^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. It can be said that the effect of summer temperature drop in open space and waterway has been proven. The results of this study are expected to be reflected in sustainable agriculture land use and used as basic data for government - level policy in land use planning for climate change.