• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.75-86
• /
• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.219-228
• /
• 2019

The forest of the Huaphanh Province (HP) has continued to decrease at 0.6% (10,560 ha) per year from 1992 to 2010. In the past few decades, the government of Laos and the Huaphanh Provincial Authority have been trying to address the root causes of deforestation. This study attempts to examine the factors effecting the decrease of the forest cover in the HP by analyzing the influence of the local socio-economic development and implementation of forest management policies on changes in the forest cover. The social data of the province focused on population growth and distribution between urban and rural areas including the number of poor people and the economic growth of three sectors, namely agriculture and forestry, industry, and service, while the implementation of the state forest management policy focused on the state forest management plan, tree plantation, forest land use planning and allocation to households, and shifting cultivation including annual upland rice and maize cultivation. In addition, government reports on socio-economic and rural development including poverty eradication of other provinces, where an increase in the forest cover was observed, were also collected and analyzed using qualitative and comparative analysis. The results from this study indicate that the decrease in forest cover in the Huaphanh Province appears to depend on a very slow economic growth and reduction in rural poverty of the province. The increase in the rural population in the province led to an increase in farm households and are as for shifting cultivation. As a result, forests were cleared leading to a decrease in the forest cover.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study is to analyze the flood inundation in a low-lying rural area. The study watershed selected for this study includes the Il-Pae and Ahn-Gok watersheds. It is located in the Namyangju, Korea and encompasses $3.64km^2$. A major flood event that occurred in July 2011 was chosen as the case for the flood inundation analysis. The Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) were used to simulate flood runoff and water surface elevation at each cross-section, respectively. The watershed topographic, soil, and land use data were processed using the GIS (Geographic Information System) tool for the models. The contribution to the total flood volume was estimated based on the results simulated by HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS. The results showed that the overflow discharge from the Il-Pae stream constituted 80% of the total flood volume. The contributions of rainfall falling directly on the inundation area and overflow discharge from the Ahn-Gok stream were 15 % and 5 %, respectively. The simulation results in different levee scenarios for the Ahn-Gok stream were also compared. The results indicated that the levee could reduce the flood volume a little bit.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2016

With the growing use of big data and data mining, it serves to understand how such techniques can be used to understand various relationships in the healthcare field. This study uses hierarchical methods of data analysis to explore similarities in hospitalization across several New York state counties. The study utilized methods of measuring crowding distance of data for age-specific hospitalization period. Crowding distance is defined as the longest distance, or least similarity, between urban cities. It is expected that the city of Clinton have the greatest distance, while Albany the other cities are closer because they are connected by the shortest distance to each step. Similarities were stronger across hospital stays categorized by age. Hierarchical clustering can be applied to predict the similarity of data across the 10 cities of hospitalization with the measurement of crowding distance. In order to enhance the performance of hierarchical clustering, comparison can be made across congestion distance when crowding distance is applied first through the application of converting text to an attribute vector. Measurements of similarity between two objects are dependent on the measurement method used in clustering but is distinguished from the similarity of the distance; where the smaller the distance value the more similar two things are to one other. By applying this specific technique, it is found that the distance between crowding is reduced consistently in relationship to similarity between the data increases to enhance the performance of the experiments through the application of special techniques. Furthermore, through the similarity by city hospitalization period, when the construction of hospital wards in cities, by referring to results of experiments, or predict possible will land to the extent of the size of the hospital facilities hospital stay is expected to be useful in efficiently managing the patient in a similar area.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제37권2호통권107호
• /
• pp.213-226
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 엽록소 a 농도와 저수지의 수심을 토대로 유형을 분류하고 각 유형에서의 수질특성을 평가하였다. 486개의 저수지를 대상으로 엽록소 a 농도 25 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$와 수심 7.5m를 기준으로 4가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 각 호수에서의 연평균 최대 엽록소 a 농도를 기초로 OECD와 TSI 기준에 따라 평가 시 각각 34.3%와 72.8%가 부영양상태였다. 엽록소 a 농도 25 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$를 기준으로 구분된 유형들에서 총질소 농도(2배) 보다는 총인 (4배)의 농도차이가 크게 나타났다. TN/TP비를 토대로 할 때 인이 제한 영양염으로 나타났고, 영양상태가 높은 저수지들에서 인에 대한 제한정도가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 엽록소 a 농도가 가장 높은 TYPE II에 포함된 저수지는 상대적으로 노후된 시설이 많고 DA/LA비가 작으며 체류시간이 길고 유역 내 논과 밭으로 이용되는 면적이 넓고 유역에서 발생하는 오염부하가 많았다. 비록 유역면적이 유역내에서의 오염물질 발생부하량과 관련된 요인으로 고려될 수 있으나 수질과의 뚜렷한 상관성이 없었다. 본 연구에서 수심이나 시설물의 노후정도와 같은 형태학적인 특성과 더불어 유역 내의 토지이용형태는 저수지의 수질을 결정하는 매우 주요한 인자로 나타났고 수질 특성을 평가함에 있어 효과적인 인자로 제시되었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
• /
• pp.426-429
• /
• 2006

Flood caused by Typhoon and severe rain during summer is the most destructive natural disasters in Korea. Almost every year flood has resulted in a big lost of national infrastructure and loss of civilian lives. It usually takes time and great efforts to estimate the flood-related damages. Government also has pursued proper standard and tool for using state-of-art technologies. High resolution satellite imagery is one of the most promising sources of ground truth information since it provides detailed and current ground information such as building, road, and bare ground. Once high resolution imagery is utilized, it can greatly reduce the amount of field work and cost for flood related damage assessment. The classification of high resolution image is pre-required step to be utilized for the damage assessment. The classified image combined with additional data such as DEM and DSM can help to estimate the flooded areas per each classified land use. This paper applied object-oriented classification scheme to interpret an image not based in a single pixel but in meaningful image objects and their mutual relations. When comparing it with other classification algorithms, object-oriented classification was very effective and accurate. In this paper, IKONOS image is used, but similar level of high resolution Korean KOMPSAT series can be investigated once they are available.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.727-739
• /
• 2015

Reclamation of closed dumping grounds is a potential solution to solve land scarce problems. Traditional geotechnical investigations of closed dumping grounds face some problems, such as the emission of hazardous liquids and gases, and the lack of ground information due to the discontinuity between two boreholes. Thus, noninvasive and continuous investigation methods are needed to supplement traditional geotechnical investigations. In this paper, two types of geophysical investigation methods, Seismic Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW) and 2D Resistivity, were carried out to study noninvasive and continuous site investigations for dumping grounds. The two geophysical methods are able to profile the distribution of physical properties of the fill and original materials, by which the extent of the dumping ground can be found and some anomalies in the subsurface can be located. Boreholes were used to assist in locating the dumping material-ground interfaces. The results show that dumping material-ground interfaces obtained from the two geophysical methods are roughly consistent. Moreover, attempt is made in the paper to use the geophysical methods to classify the types of dumping materials. The results show that the classification of dumping materials using the geophysical methods follows the results of the manual sorting of the dumping materials from a borehole.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.146-159
• /
• 2014

In this study, we evaluated the temporal changes of water quality in the 90 reservoirs in Korea and the relationships between water quality and their environmental factors in the reservoirs for effective management of reservoirs. The majority of study reservoirs were categorized as the eutrophic state based on Carlson's trophic index. Among 90 reservoirs, more than 55.0% were nutrient-rich based on $TSI_{TP}$ in each month, where more than 50.0% were nutrient-rich based on $TSI_{Chl-a}$ from June to November. Seasonal Mann-Kendall test was used to analyze temporal variation of water quality in the selected 60 reservoirs using monthly data from 2004 to 2008. The results showed that 27 (45.0%) reservoirs showed the improvement of water quality based on TP and Chl-a concentrations, while 14 (23.3%) and 11 (18.3%) reservoirs displayed the degradation of water quality based on TP and Chl-a concentrations, respectively. Meanwhile, a self-organizing map classified the study reservoirs into five groups based on differences of hydrogeomorphology (altitude, catchment area, bank height, lake age, etc.). Physicochemical factors and land use/cover types showed clear differences among groups. Finally, hydrogeomorphology of reservoirs were related to water quality, indicating that the hydrogeomorphological characters strongly affect water quality of reservoirs.

• 인간식물환경학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.545-550
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: With increasing land use intensity in urban areas, apartment buildings have been recognized as a typical type of urban residence. In this study, the impacts of different views through a window on health-related responses were investigated using psychological and physiological parameters. Methods: Photos of three different types of views taken on low (2-12 m), middle (28-35 m), and high (over 54 m) floors of dense apartment building areas were used as visual stimuli. Twenty-two healthy adults participated in the indoor experiment. Semantic differential methods and profile of mood states were used as psychological tools. Autonomic nervous activity was evaluated using blood pressures, pulse rate and heart rate variability (HRV). Results: Analytic data showed different characteristics of psychological and physiological outcomes in three different apartment views. In the analysis of psychological parameters, significantly negative responses to the views on middle floors were found in the subscales of tension-anxiety and anger-hostility, compared to low floors. Significantly positive scores in the subscale of vigor were found on low floors with abundance of vegetation and high floors with a view of the sky. A significantly increased value of HF was found on low floors (2,294.96 ± 169.79), compared to the middle(1,553.45 ± 84.66) and high (1,523.02 ± 70.49) floors. Despite the high scores in openness and vigor, high floor views showed significantly higher LF/HF values (1.83 ± 0.09), the indicator of the sympathetic nervous system, than low (1.30 ± 0.07) and middle floor views (1.34 ± 0.06), which might be related to the unconscious fear of heights. Conclusion: Views from different heights in an apartment building can affect the psychological states of residents. Green space through the window may have a positive health outcome by reducing physiological stress.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.156-166
• /
• 2022

호소의 수질 특성을 이해하는 것은 호소 및 정수생태계 관리의 가장 기본 요소이다. 호소의 수질은 호소의 수리수문학적 요소, 주변 토지 이용/피복, 유역 내 인간 활동을 포함한 다양한 요인에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 호소에서 5년 동안(2015~2019) 측정된 9가지 이화학적 요인(pH, DO, COD, TSS, T-N, T-P, TOC, EC, Chl-a)을 이용하여, 국내 83개 주요 호소를 수질에 따라 분류하였다. 계층적 그룹 분석을 통해 전체 호소는 총 5개의 유형으로 분류되었고, 각 유형별로 저수지의 수질 및 고도, 유역면적, 만수위, 총 저수량과 같은 수리수문학적 요인을 반영하였다. 특히 저고도에 위치한 대형 호소에서(그룹 I) 수질이 매우 낮게 나타났다. 한국형 부영양화 지수를 이용하여 국내 주요 호소의 부영양화 정도를 비교한 결과, 석호가 포함된 그룹 IV 및 신갈지 등에서는 과거 2004~2008년에 비해 부영양화 지수가 개선되었으나, 그룹 I, III, V에 속한 대부분의 농업용 저수지에서는 부영양화가 심화되었다.