• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.3
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• pp.365-373
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• 2012

This study purposed to extract and assess the accuracy of assessment for deforestation area in Wonju city using medium resolution satellite image. The total size of deforestation area during the last nine years (2000-2008) was about 467 ha, and it was occurred annually about 52 ha. The most frequent form of deforestation was settlements (72%). Ninety percent of the size of deforestation was less than 2 ha in size. In addition, 79 percent of deforestation area was found within 500 m from the road network and within 100 m of the Forest/Non-forest boundary. This study compared the deforestation based on the administrative information (GIS deforestationI) with the deforestation (RS deforestation) extracted from the satellite imagery by vegetation indices (NDVI, NBR, NDWI). Extraction accuracy, mean-standard deviation${\times}1.5$ applied 3 by 3 filtering, showed reliable accuracy 35.47% k-value 0.20. However, error could be occurred because of the difference of land-use change and land-cover change. The actual rate of land-cover change deforestation area was 32% on administrative information. The 7.52% of forest management activities area was misjudged as deforestation by RS deforestation. Finally, the comparison of land-cover change deforestation (GIS deforestationII) with the RS deforestation accuracy, as a result NDVI mean-standard deviation${\times}2$ applied 3 by 3 filtering, showed improved accuracy 61.23%, k-value 0.23.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Image data collected by an airborne hyperspectral camera system have a great usability in coastal line mapping, detection of facilities composed of specific materials, detailed land use analysis, change monitoring and so forh in a complex coastal area because the system provides almost complete spectral and spatial information for each image pixel of tens to hundreds of spectral bands. A few approaches after classifying by a few approaches based on SAM(Spectral Angle Mapper) supervised classification were applied for extracting optimal land cover information from hyperspectral images acquired by CASI-1500 airborne hyperspectral camera on the object of a coastal area which includes both land and sea water areas. We applied three different approaches, that is to say firstly the classification approach of combined land and sea areas, secondly the reclassification approach after decompostion of land and sea areas from classification result of combined land and sea areas, and thirdly the land area-only classification approach using atmospheric correction images and compared classification results and accuracies. Land cover classification was conducted respectively by selecting not only four band images with the same wavelength range as IKONOS, QuickBird, KOMPSAT and GeoEye satelllite images but also eight band images with the same wavelength range as WorldView-2 from 48 band hyperspectral images and then compared with the classification result conducted with all of 48 band images. As a result, the reclassification approach after decompostion of land and sea areas from classification result of combined land and sea areas is more effective than classification approach of combined land and sea areas. It is showed the bigger the number of bands, the higher accuracy and reliability in the reclassification approach referred above. The results of higher spectral resolution showed asphalt or concrete roads was able to be classified more accurately.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Rapid industrialization and economic growth have led to serious problems including reduced open space, environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl. These problems have been exacerbated by the absence of effective conservation and governance, and have resulted in various social conflicts. In response to these challenges, many scholar and government hope to achieve sustainable development through the establishment and management of environment-friendly planning. For this purpose, we would like to analyze functional change for ecosystem by future land-use/cover changes in South Korea. Toward this goal, we predicted land-use/cover changes from 2010 to 2060 using the future population of Statistics Korea and urban growth probability map created by logistic regression analysis and analyzed ecosystem service value using costanza's coefficient. In the case of scenario 1, ecosystem service value represented 6,783~7,092 million USD. In the case of scenario 2, ecosystem represented 6,775~7,089 million USD, 2.9~7.6 million USD decreased compared by scenario 1. This was the result of area reduction for farmland and wetland which have high environmental value relatively according to urban growth by development point of view. The results of this analysis indicate that environmentally sustainable systems and urban development must be applied to achieve sustainable development and environmental protection. Quantitative analysis of environmental values in accordance with environmental policy can help inform the decisions of policy makers and urban developers. Furthermore, forecasting urban growth based on future demand will provide more precise predictive analysis.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.470-483
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• 2017

Changes in land cover or land use, such as changes in forest area, can cause changes in water and energy circulation, ultimately affecting overall hydrological cycle including stream flow, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and base flow. In this study, the changes of the hydrological processes over the past long period were simulated by using large-scale surface hydrologic model along with various soil, land use, vegetation, and meteorological data. For this purpose, this study simulated and evaluated the changes in the hydrological cycle for the past 50 years (1955-2010) in East Asia including China, Japan and South Korea. In particular, this study used the land cover maps which can properly reflect the vegetation condition for each simulation period. As results, the mean runoff ratio of China was estimated to be 47.0% over the entiree period, 62.7% in Japan and 49.4% in South Korea. The mean soil moisture of China was estimated to be 22.2%, 35.6% in Japan and 23.9% in South Korea. Finally, the mean evapotranspiration rate was estimated to be 52.7% in China, 37.3% in Japan and 50.4% in South Korea. Especially, in China, the hydrological cycle was found to be changed very much for the entire simulation period. However, in Japan, the hydrological cycle was found to be very stable for the entire simulation period. The hydrological cycle was also found to become stable mainly due to the stabilization of the vegetation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.352-363
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• 1999

It has been rare to obtain reliable information related to the size of forest land in North Korea. Several sources of forest statistics, ranging from the first map of forest distribution in Korean Peninsula produced in 1910 to official data reported by the North Korea Government in 1997, were gathered and analyzed to define the characteristics of forest cover changes over years. In addition, Landsat satellite data obtained from 1973 to 1993 were processed for the two study areas of the provinces of Pyungyang and Heasan, where the topography and land use pattern are significantly different each other. Using three sets of multitemporal Landsat imagery, land cover ma-ps were produced by computer classification. Although forest statistics reported before 1990 are somewhat inconsistent, they mere gradually decreasing over years. The estimates of 1991 satellite data and the recent statistics reported in 1998 shows very steep decline in forest lands as compared to the ones before 1990. The abrupt decrease of forest lands after 1990 was also found on the detailed analysis of Landsat data for the two study areas of Pyungyang and Heasan. The rapid decline of forest lands may have something to do with the poor economic situation of the country and the continuing natural disasters of severe flooding and drought. Unstocked forest, which was not classified into forest land, was a very distinct and pervasive land cover type that can be easily observed on satellite imagery. Since unstocked forest land in North Korea may be a critical factor for degrading environmental quality as well as for the continuing natural disasters, further analysis is necessary to define the exact extent and the physical characteristics of the cover type.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.55-56
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.33-47
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• 2022

Wild boars(Sus scrofa) are expanding their range of behavior as their habitats change. Appearing in urban centers and private houses, it caused various social problems, including damage to crops. In order to prevent damage and effectively manage wild boars, there is a need for ecological research considering the characteristics and movement characteristics of wild boars. The purpose of this study is to analyze home range and identify land cover types in key areas through tracking wild boars, and to predict the movement connectivity of wild boars in consideration of previous studies and their preferred land use characteristics. In this study, from January to June 2021, four wild boars were captured and tracked in Jinju city, Gyeongsangnam-do, and the preferred land cover type of wild boars was identified based on the MCP 100%, KDE 95%, and KDE 50% results. As a result of the analysis of the home range for each individual, it was found that 100% of MCP was about 0.68km², 2.77km², 2.42km², and 0.16km², and the three individuals overlapped the home range, refraining from habitat movement and staying in the preferred area. The core areas were analyzed as about 0.55km², 2.05km², 0.82km², and 0.14km² with KDE 95%., and about 0.011km², 0.033km², 0.004km², and 0.003km² with KDE 50%. When the preferred land cover type of wild boar was confirmed based on the results of analysis of the total home range area and core area that combined all individuals, forests were 55.49% (MCP 100%), 54.00% (KDE 95%), 77.69% (KDE 50%), respectively, with the highest ratio, and the urbanization area, grassland, and agricultural area were relatively high. A connectivity scenario was constructed in which the ratio of the land cover type preferred by the analyzed wild boar was reflected as a weight for the resistance value of the connectivity analysis, and this was compared with the connectivity evaluation results analyzed based on previous studies and wild boar characteristics. When the current density values for the wild boar movement data were compared, the average value of the existing scenario was 2.76, the minimum 1.12, and the maximum 4.36, and the weighted scenario had an average value of 2.84, the minimum 0.96, and the maximum 4.65. It was confirmed that, on average, the probability of movement predictability was about 2.90% better even though the weighted scenario had movement restrictions due to large resistance values. It is expected that the identification of the movement route through the movement connectivity analysis of wild boars can be suggested as an alternative to prevent damage by predicting the point of appearance. In the future, when analyzing the connectivity of species including wild boar, it is judged that it will be effective to use movement data on actual species.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.787-790
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• 2008

The SWAT(Soil and Water Assesment Tool) is a relatively large scale model for the complicated watershed or river basin. The model was developed to predict the effect of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields in large complex watershed with varying soils, land use and management conditions over long periods of time. Usually streams are divided into urban stream and natural stream in accordance with the development level. In case of urban stream, according to urbanization, as impermeable areas are increasing due to the change of land use condition and land cover condition, dry stream phenomenon at urban stream is rapidly progressed. In this study, long term run-off simulations in urban stream are performed by using SWAT model. Especially, the model is applied in small scale water shed, Joman River basin. The optimization by the sensitivity analysis is also performed for the model parameter estimations.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.278-290
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• 2005

This study deals with the geomorphic, environmental and land use changes by comparative analysis using Landsat TM images of 1988 year and ETM ones of 2002 year, partly together with the new Quick Bird images having 60cm resolution for more detail analysis, focusing on the Oncheon gun(county) in Pyeongnam Province, west coast zone of North Korea. The main analysis methodology is neural network classification, which is more advanced techniques for the classification of land cover and land use, with higher accuracy rate and lower errors. The TM images of 1988 year show, mainly, the on-construction tide embank for the reclamation at Gwangryangman bay and salt farm on the reclaimed tidal flat. But, ETM images of 2002 year present stabilized reclaimed land, salt farm and rice field, recently transformed from salt farm. Especially, new tidal land has been naturally developed on the coastal shallow out of tide embank and salt farm. The results of the study may help to database coastal environmental changes and to support for reasonable and productive land use of North Korea, and to manage and plan unified national land in the near future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.5 s.166
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• pp.453-466
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in the hydrological environment in Soyanggang-dam watershed due to climate change results (in yews 2050 and 2100) which were simulated using CCCma CGCM2 based on SRES A2 and B2. The SRES A2 and B2 were used to estimate NDVI values for selected land use using the relation of NDVI-Temperature using linear regression of observed data (in years 1998$\sim$2002). Land use change based on SRES A2 and B2 was estimated every 5- and 10-year period using the CA-Markov technique based on the 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000 land cover map classified by Landsat TM satellite images. As a result, the trend in land use change in each land class was reflected. When land use changes in years 2050 and 2100 were simulated using the CA-Markov method, the forest class area declined while the urban, bareground and grassland classes increased. When simulation was done further for future scenarios, the transition change converged and no increasing trend was reflected. The impact assessment of evapotranspiration was conducted by comparing the observed data with the computed results based on three cases supposition scenarios of meteorological data (temperature, global radiation and wind speed) using the FAO Penman-Monteith method. The results showed that the runoff was reduced by about 50% compared with the present hydrologic condition when each SRES and periods were compared. If there was no land use change, the runoff would decline further to about 3$\sim$5%.