• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.106-115
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• 2009

Knowledge about how to stabilize soil structure is essential to conserve soil systems and maintain various biogeochemical processes through soil. In urban area, soil structural systems are degraded with inappropriate management and land use and become vulnerable to erosion. We analyzed the structural changes of surface soils with different land uses, i.e., forests, parks, roadside green area, riparian area, and farmlands (soybean fields), in the Anyang Stream Watershed in order to find the factors influencing the stability of soil structure and the implication for better management of surface soil. Soil organic matter contents of other land use soils were only 18~52% of that in forest soils. Soil organic matter increased the stability of soil aggregates in the order of soybean fields < roadsides < riparian < parks < forests and also reduced soil bulk density (increased porosity). The lowest stability of soybean field soils was attributed to the often disturbance like tillage and it was considered that higher stability of park soils comparing to other land use soils except forests was owing to the covering of soil surface with grass. These results suggest that supply of soil organic matter and protection of soil surface with covering materials are very important to increase porosity and stability of soil structure.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2013

The regional economic crises in the late 1990s and the global economic crisis in the late 2000s had reduced the differences in housing policies among the major Asian economies. This paper attempts to explain and compare housing welfare policy shifts between subsidizing home owning and subsidized renting from the perspectives of the economic and social roles of housing, the lock-in effect of policy processes, and the welfare provision strategy of the East Asian economies. It argues that the impact of economic crises on housing welfare policy in East Asia depended on the duration and the intensity of the crisis and the length and severity of the subsequent economic depression. Another important factor was the role of housing in the economic and social development, especially whether housing market development was considered as an engine of economic growth or revival, and whether the tools of housing policy caused the economic crisis. The loss of impetus for home ownership drive and the new emphasis on rental subsidy provision are new policy trends. Nonetheless, the economic revival since mid-2009 has caused the re-introduction of home ownership subsidies for quenching the housing affordability problems and enhancing home ownership making use of the strong economic conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.305-314
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• 2008

As forest land takes up 65% of the Korean peninsula, there have been continuing conflicts between the development and conservation of forest land. As the income level has changed over time, the usage of forest land in society has changed. There has been increasing demands for forest land for urban development and recreational use. On the other hand, a large proportion of the land is required to be preserved for the forest and the natural ecosystem in it. The existing management system for the forest land has been designed focusing on the management of the trees on the land, and not the land itself. Due to this limitation, the current management system of forest land has failed to protect the forest land from being developed indiscreetly, making it difficult to conserve and develop the forest land in an efficient way. A major question in forest land management is how to integrate economic use activities with the supporting ecosystems to maximize performance of the ecological-economic system. In order to promote sustainable use of forest resources, and to achieve efficient forest land management, it is prerequisite to evaluation on forest resources of natural ecosystems. Quantitative measures are needed that signify how necessary the services and products of forested ecosystems are to human endeavors. In this study, the natural wealth provided by forest land was quantified based on emergy synthesis. Emergy is a universal measure of real wealth of the work of nature and society made on a common basis. Thus, Calculations of emergy provide a basis for making choices about environment and economy following the general public policy to maximize real wealth. The goals of forest land management to achieve balance between the ecology and economy of its integrated system and to foster equity among the diverse outcomes of the forest land were assessed with emergy. Emergy was demonstrated to holistically integrated and quantify the interconnections of a coupled nature-human system allowing the goals of ecological balance and outcome equity to be measured quantitatively. Doing so will provide a better understanding of the basis of forest land wealth and the consequences of management decisions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.44-48
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• 2007

In recent years, the relationships and inter-dependencies between the countries in East Asia have deepened, and the vision for regional cohesion such as the East Asian Community have been gradually elaborated. A Grand Design for Northeast Asia is one of these comprehensive visions that aim to improve and develop international infrastructure through cooperation in the field of transportation, energy, environment, and information technology. This study paid attention to the possibility for a system for regional cohesion and cooperation in spatial development in East Asia, and analyzed the roles of the ESDP according to the requirements of the East Asian situation. As a result, it was understood that while the development of infrastructure is a main stream in the case of the regional cohesion in East Asia, the cooperative visions for the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, which are being positioned as an important policy in the EU, have not been seen. It is a very important subject to promote the policy cohesion/cooperation on the conservation and management of natural/cultural heritage and the development of tourism infrastructure for the sustainable development of East Asia, considering the trends in the growth of the interchange population and tourism market in East Asia. It was discussed that the role of research networks like the International Landscape Architectural Symposium of Korea, China and Japan is becoming important in supporting this policy cohesion and in grasping the present conditions and trends of the spatial development of these counties.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1994

Farm land is considered the most important production factor in farm production. Land is not only one of the most scarce resource but also the size of land holding is the key factor in determining the size of farm income in Korea. To increase farm productivity by accepting bio-chemical and mechnical technology, the qualitative improvement of farm land through land consolidation and on-farm development have been carried out by the Korean government. Land consolidation with water resource development makes possible the high-tech-capital intensive farming, internal expansion of farm land and hightening the rate of land intensity in connection with UR problems. This paper contained the present status of farm land base development, allocation of investment by types of farm land development and the econome-trical analysis on the effects of the investment on rice productivity during the past 27 years since 1965. The rate of irrigated paddy area had been increased from 42% in 1965 to 74% in 1991. Land consolidated area out of the total paddy area had been achieved 44.9% and the improved rate of poor drained paddy area was shown 43.5% in 1991. To carry out the above farm land base development projects, the government had procured financial budgets consisting of the G't subsidy, long term loan, foreign loan, the provincial G't subsidy, WFP counter fund and farmer's burden.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Beginning of the human ecology in 1920s, the efforts for applying the environmental values to a policy have been embodied by the enactments of international agreement and relevant laws. The government has been struggling to adopt the environmental values for the policy by enacting the relevant laws and establishing the environmental value evaluation information (environmental conservation value assessment map, eco-natural map, biotope map). In spite of the efforts to apply the environmental value assessment information for the habitat potential of wildlife, the application is being challenged by the discrepancy in methods and criteria. Thus this study intends to measure the potential of wildlife habitat and apply it to the spatial value classification for the application plan of wildlife habitat potential in policy. Maxent was used for the habitat potential and the land types were classified depending on the surface and land use pattern of cadastral map. As a result, the policy matrix including conservation strategy(CS), restoration strategy(RS), practical use strategy(PS) and development strategy(DS) has been deduced as CS $13.05km^2$(2.38%), RS $1.64km^2$(0.30%), PS $162.42km^2$(29.57%) and DS $8.56km^2$(1.56%). CS was emerged mostly on forest valleys and farmlands, and RS was appeared in the road area near the conservation strategy areas. Boryung downtown and Daecheon Beach were the center of DS, while the forest and farmlands were presented as PS. It is significant that this study suggest the new approaching method by comparing the wildlife habitat potential with the land type. Since this study evaluated the environmental value by one species of leopard cat (Prionailurusbengalensis) with Maxent model, it is necessary to apply the habitat potential measuring method for various target species as further research.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.595-613
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• 2006

In the debates of development gains, the general rule is that it results from actions other than those of the landowner, most notably of the public sector as in granting of permissions for the development of specific land uses and densities or through infrastructure investments, or of socio-economic forces due to a general capital accumulation in space. A huge academic literature has investigated the development gains capture that refers to the process by which a portion of or all land value increments attributed to the community effort are recouped by the public sector. Policy instruments for applying development gains capture are based on deepening land value taxation, financing infrastructure, controling land use. But one of the most basic for the efficient policy implementation is the accurate estimation of development gains. This paper estimates the development gains generated by the total 204 building land projects of Korea Land Corporation and Korea National Housing Corporation since 1995.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.113-125
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• 2011

Since the government of Korea (Ministry of Environment, MOE) introduced the policy applying 'Biotope-Area-Ratio-Indicator (BARI)' to huge residential land developments which Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) should be performed, MOE has come to have the necessity to apply the indicator concretely at the stage of Prior Environment Review System (PERS) and EIA in various types of large scale land development projects. This study was conducted with the aim of supporting the application of BARI and related decision making in various other types of EIA projects as well as residential development projects through remodeling the system to apply the indicator of the past. Through the analysis of the problems in applying the past BARI and experimental appraisals to 11 types of EIA projects, the results and implications as follows were drawn. First, it's possible to extend the range of applications of BARI, which has been applied to only residential land development project, to all kinds of projects with area-typed land use pattern out of environmental impact assessment target projects. Second, it's also possible to set a target value into which regional characteristics and differences among locational properties are reflected. In addition, it's come to be able to differentially apply the target value of BARI according to the condition of the existing site. Third, it's improved to be able to suggest a macroscopic target value at the stage of PERS and to set detailed target values in each detailed land use at the stage of EIA. The key point underlies inducing methodology to determine target values to secure more permeable land coverage ratio for detailed land use patterns at the stage of EIA by making it possible to calculate BARI of the present land cover condition of the EIA target projects.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.51-70
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• 2017

This study aimed to measure street centralities with the street width, and to analyze their effects on the residential and non-residential land prices in Seoul, South Korea. Most of the studies on urban economics and policy focusing on the urban spatial structure have evolved in terms of their perspective from monocentric to polycentric models. Recently, their themes shifted to measuring street centralities and capturing their effects on urban phenomena. To expand the existing studies and discussion, this study analyzed the street centralities with the street width, and how they changed the land prices. Multilevel regression models generated a few key findings relevant to the relationship between street centralities and land prices. While a higher detour volume and closeness to wider streets commanded premium residential land prices, higher visibility and detour volume to wider streets were associated with higher non-residential land prices. These findings suggest a robust connection between street configuration and near-land prices. Thus, the results of this study suggest a few insightful policy implications for urban planners, urban designers, real estate developers, and appraisers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-52
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to pursue a case study of urban land use and transportation linkage policies based on a British city of Cardiff, Wales. To this end, the paper combines a review and synthesis of available land use and transportation planning sources, and a series of interviews with planners and a extensive survey of planning policy documents to assess the effectiveness of policy instruments in the city context. Considerable emphasis is placed on the analysis of the British land use and transportation planning in terms of the Policy guidance notes 11, 12 and 13 as well as the local transport policy guidance. The paper highlights the fact that the Cardiff unitary development plan and the local transport plan form a policy framework of integrating land use and transportation planning process, employing travel demand management schemes and implementing the various strategy components on the overall aim of achieving and maintaining a sustainable city.