• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1341-1346
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• 2004

Detailed flame structures of the opposed flames formed for different oxidant compositions are studied numerically. The detailed chemical reactions are modeled by using the CHEMKIN code. Only the $CO_{2}$ and $H_{2}O$ are assumed to participate by absorbing the radiative energy while all other gases are assumed to be transparent. The discrete ordinates method and a narrow band based WSGGM with a gray gas regrouping technique are applied for modeling the radiative transfer through non-homogeneous and non-isothermal combustion gas mixtures generated by the opposed flow flames. The results show that the different radiation model can cause different results for flame structures and the WSGGM with gray gas regrouping is successful in modeling the opposed flames with non-gray gas mixture. The results also show that a reasonable information on the flame structure can be obtained from the modeling by considering different chemical compositions of the oxidant.

• 태양에너지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.91-103
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• 1995

튜브 내의 입구영역에서 대류와 비회복사(mon-gray radiation)가 동시에 일어날 때의 열전달 특성을 수치해석적으로 연구하였다. 작동유체는 이산화탄소, 수증기, 질소의 혼합가스라 하였고, 유동은 속도장과 온도장이 동시에 발달하는 층류 유동으로 가정하였다. 복사전달방정식을 풀기 편하게 하기 위해 P-1 근사법이 사용되었고 혼합가스의 비회흡수계수(non-gray sbsorption coefficient)는 지수광폭밴드모형(exponential wide band model)을 이용해서 구하였다. 열전달 특성에 대한 온도조건의 영향을 조사하기 위해 튜브의 축방향에 대한 평균온도와 뉴셀트수(Nusselt number)의 변화를 몇 가지 다른 온도조건에 대해 나타내었다. 속도장과 온도장이 동시에 발달하는 경우의 뉴셀트수를 속도장은 완전히 발달되어 있고 온도장만 발달하는 경우의 뉴셀트 수와 비교하였다. 또한, 가스의 성분조성이 대류와 비회복사 뉴셀트수에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.242-250
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• 2006

Detailed structures of the counterflow flames formed for different inlet fluid temperatures and different amount of additives are studied numerically. The detailed chemical reactions are modeled by using the CHEMKIN-II code. The discrete ordinates method and the narrow band based WSGGM with a gray gas regrouping technique (WSGGM-RG) are applied for modeling the radiative transfer through non-homogeneous and non-isothermal combustion gas mixtures generated by the counterflow flames. The results compared with those obtained by using the SNB model show that the WSGGM-RG is very successful in modeling the counterflow flames with non-gray gas mixture. The numerical results also show that the addition of $CO_2\;or\;H_2O$ to the oxidant lowers the peak temperature and the NO concentration in flame. But preheat of fuel or oxidant raises the flame temperature and the NO production rates. $O_2$ enrichment also causes to raise the temperature distribution and the NO production in flame. And it is found that the $O_2$ enrichment and the fuel preheat were the major parameters in affecting the flame width.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.436-444
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• 1997

Three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer and particle deposition on a circular cylinder in the OVD process are numerically investigated. Flow and temperature fields are obtained by an iterative method, and thermophoretic particle deposition is simulated. Effects of the heat conduction in the cylinder, the rotation speed of the cylinder, and the traversing speed of torch on the deposition are studied. Effects of variable properties are also included. As the conductivity of the cylinder decreases, particle deposition rate and deposition efficiency greatly decrease due to the reduced temperature gradient. The rotation of the cylinder has no significant effect on the deposition due to the small diameter of the cylinder and low speed of rotation. Since the increase of the torch speed keeps the surface low temperature, the particle deposition increases with the traversing speed.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.456-465
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• 1998

Effect of a non-absorbable gas on the absorption process in a vertical tube absorber was investigated numerically. The water vapor mined with air as the non-absorbable gas is absorbed into LiBr/water solution film. The flow is assumed to be laminar and fully developed in both liquid and gas phases. The diffusion and energy equations were solved in both phases to give the temperature and concentrations, from which heat and mass fluxes were determined. It was shown that the local absorption rate decreases as the mass fraction of air in water vapor increases. The vapor pressure of water at the liquid-vapor interface reduces significantly since the non-absorbable gas is accumulated near the interface. The effect of non-absorbable gases on absorption rate becomes larger as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. For small amount of non-absorbable gases the total absorption rate of water vapor increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. Total absorption rate increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor increases for large concentration of non-absorbables at the inlet of an absorber.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제7권
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• pp.69-78
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• 1999

Effects of a non-absorbable gas on the absorption process in a vertical tube absorber has been investigated numerically. The water vapor mixed with air is absorbed into LiBr/water solution film. The flow is assumed to be laminar and fully developed in both liquid and gas phases. The diffusion and energy equations were solved in both phases to give the temperature and concentrations, from which heat and mass fluxes were determined. The local absorption rate has been shown to decrease as the mass fraction of air in the water vapor increases. The vapor pressure of water at the liquid-vapor is interface reduced significantly since the non-absorbable gas accumulates near the interface. The effects of non-absorbable gases on absorption rate become larger as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. For a small amount of non-absorbable gases, the total absorption rate of water vapor increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor decreases. The total absorption rate increases as the mass flow rate of the vapor increases for large concentrations of non-absorbable gases at the inlet of an absorber.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1999

The fluid flow and heat transfer in a thin liquid film are investigated numerically. The flow Is assumed to be two-dimensional laminar and surface tension is considered. The most important characteristics of this flow is the existence of a hydraulic jump through which the flow undergoes very sharp and discontinuous change. Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE) method is used to describe moving free boundary and a modified SIMPLE algorithm based on streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin(SUPG) finite element method is used for time marching iterative solution. The numerical results obtained by solving unsteady full Navier-Stokes equations are presented for planar and radial flows subject to constant wall temperature or constant wall heat flux, and compared with available experimental data. It Is discussed systematically how the inlet Reynolds and Froude numbers and surface tension affect the formation of a hydraulic jump. In particular, the effect of temperature dependent fluid properties is also discussed.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.2751-2761
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• 1994

A numerical investigation on the three-dimensional laminar natural convection heat transfer in the periodically fully developed PCB channel has been performed. When heat generating blocks mounted on the adiabatic wall make a channel with their facing shrouding wall, the flow inside the channel becomes periodically fully developed. A single module in the periodically fully developed region is chosen for computational domain in order to save computer storage and computational time. The periodic boundary condition is applied in the anlaysis. The effects of the parameters such as the Rayleigh number, the number of the modules, and the height of channel are examined to obtain the optimum condition for the enhancement of the cooling effectiveness. The result shows that the cooling effect is improved with increasing Rayleigh number and channel height, and decreasing the number of the module. The result also indicates that increasing the height of the channel and number of the module is recommended for a limited space.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.638-644
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 해석을 이용하여 알루미늄 피라미드 트러스 심재 샌드위치의 열유동 특성을 분석하였다. 규칙적 다공질 금속인 피라미드 트러스 코어를 샌드위치 구조물에 채용할 경우 공기 매질이 자유롭게 유입, 유출될 수 있는 개방형 코어인 점을 고려하여 하중을 지지할 수 있는 구조성능과 함께 방열체로서 다기능성을 구현할 수 있는 구조가 된다. 따라서, 유입되는 공기의 속도변화, 설계변수인 트러스각에 따른 압력강하와 열전달 메카니즘을 확인하기 위해 ANSYS/Fluent를 이용하여 수치해석을 실시하였다. 해석모델에 사용된 샌드위치 패널은 알루미늄으로 이루어져 있으며, 샌드위치 패널의 위 면재와 아래 면재 사이에는 15개의 피라미드 트러스 유닛셀이 반복되고 있다. 폭 방향으로는 무한히 넓은 유닛셀을 모사하기 위해 대칭조건을 지정하였으며, 입구에는 균일한 속도분포를 경계조건으로 입력하였다. 해석결과 입구부와 첫 유닛셀까지의 구간에서 입구영향이 관찰되었으며, 입구영향을 배제하고 마찰계수와 누셀수를 분석하였다. 공기의 속도가 증가할수록 마찰계수는 감소하였으며, 누셀수는 증가하는 경향을 보인다. 한편, V=1m/s에서 5m/s에서의 마찰계수와 누셀수 변화가 확연하였으며, 이는 층류에서 난류로 유동패턴이 변하기 때문에 거시적으로 열전도보다 대류열전달의 비중이 커졌기 때문이다. 또한, 설계변수인 트러스각에 대해서는 의미가 있을 정도의 마찰계수와 누셀수의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서, 트러스각이 강도, 강성 등 구조성능에 민감한 점을 감안하면 다기능성을 염두에 둔 알루미늄 피라미드트러스 심재 설계 시 설계변수의 변화는 구조성능에 더 민감할 것으로 판단된다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.70-83
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 개방된 정사각형 공간안에 일정한 열유속을 방출하는 발열체가 존재할 때, 부력과 표면복사를 고려한 혼합대류특성을 수치적으로 연구하였다. 본 연구의 대상인 유입구를 통해 유체가 흘러들어와서 다시 유출구로 나가는 정사각형공간은 공냉식 전자장비를 모사한 것이다. 이러한 공간안에 존재하는 발연체는 전자칩과 같은 발열성 전자부품을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서 채택한 모델의 크기는 높이 X 넓이가 $0.1[m]{\times}0.1[m]$이며 공간내부는 2차원 층류유동으로 간주하였다. 공기의 유입속도는 0.07[m/s]이고, 유입온도는 $27^{\circ}C$이며, 유입구의 위치는 일정한 위치에 고정되어 있다. 주요 변수로는 발열체의 열유속, 유출구의 위치, 발열체의 위치, 그리고 벽면이 방사율을 선택하였다. 본 연구에서는 외부로부터 유입되어지는 찬공기와 발열체에 의해서 부력의 상승하는 뜨거운 공기의 혼합에 의한 유동특성 및 열전달특성을 복사를 고려하여 고찰하였다. 결과로써 가장 열전달이 활발한 발열체의 위치는 바닥의 좌측벽으로부터 0.075[m]일때이다. 이러한 연구는 실제적으로 전자부품 같은 것의 효율적인 냉각목적에 적용되어질 수 있다.