• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2018

The herbs of Lamium takesimense Nakai (Lamiaceae) is used to treat spasmodic and inflammatory disease. The four polar compounds, ecdysterone, isoacteoside, rutin and lamiuside C, were isolated and identified from the BuOH fraction of the L. takesimense MeOH extract. HPLC quantification was performed on a Capcell Pak C18 column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6mm{\times}250mm$) with a gradient elution of $H_2O$ and 0.05% acetic acid in MeOH. The HPLC method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, stability, precision, and accuracy. The quantitative level in plant material was determined as the following order: lamiuside C (4, 3.75 mg/g dry weight) > ecdysterone (1, 1.93 mg/g) > isoacteoside (2, 1.32 mg/g) > rutin (3, 0.97 mg/g).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2021

A new distribution of Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray is discovered in Korea. This species was collected from seashores on Pyoseon-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do. S. guilielmii is distinguished from other related Korean taxa of the genus by having broadly winged nutlets (fruits). Here, we provide a precise description, illustrations, key to the related taxa, and photographs of its habitat. The new Korean name is given as 'Nal-gae-gol-mu-kkot', considering the broadly winged nutlets (fruits). In addition, new habitats are likely to be discovered through plant biodiversity surveys of the southwestern coastal islands.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2023

The Golovinomyces biocellatus complex is known to consist of powdery mildew from the Golovinomyces genus, associated with host plants from the Lamiaceae family. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have resolved the taxonomic composition of this complex, and Golovinomyces biocellatus sensu stricto is considered to be a pathogen of Glechoma species, globally. However, this paper presents a new finding of Golovinomyces salviae on Glechoma longituba, besides its original host species of Salvia. This information was inferred by molecular phylogenetic analyses from the multi-locus nucleotide sequence dataset of intergeneric spacer (IGS), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) of rDNA, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. Further, the asexual morphology of this fungus is described and illustrated.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.122.3-123
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• 2001

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2011

Elsholtzia hallasanensis, E. springia, and E. splendens var. fasciflora (Lamiaceae) were reported recently as new species or new varieties of E. splendens according to their morphological characteristics. To reappraise the taxonomic status of these additional taxa and to determine the relationships between all Korean Elsholtzia taxa except E. saxatilis, which is distributed in North Korea, molecular studies based on the nrDNA (ITS) and cpDNA (rpl16, and trnH-psbA) sequences of seven taxa of Elsholtzia and one outgroup were carried out. The molecular data support that E. angustifolia and E. minima are distinct species from E. splendens and E. ciliata, respectively, because they have several private marker genes and show monophyly. The molecular data also support that E. splendens has a very close taxonomic relationship with both E. hallasanensis and E. springia. We found that E. splendens var. fasciflora, with multiple inflorescence, was based on several private marker genes and on the monophyly of its trees, suggesting that it can be considered as a variety. Elsholtzia springia, with the same sequences and the same morphological characteristics with E. hallasanensis after transplanting, should be treated as a synonym of E. hallasanensis. Moreover, we consider the taxonomic status of E. hallasanensis as E. splendens var. hallasanensis (Y. Lee) N.S. Lee & C.S. Lee, stat. nov.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.304-309
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• 2010

Scutellaria pinnatifida A. Hamilt. (Lamiaceae) is an endemic Turkish herb. This plant is also endemic to Iran, and grows abundantly in other central and western Asian countries. Several species of the Scutellaria are known for their traditional uses in the treatment of hypertension, arteriosclerosis, inflammatory diseases, hepatitis, allergy, cancer and diarrhoea. Free-radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of the n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of S. pinnatifida were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtitre plate based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The DCM and MeOH extracts exhibited free-radical-scavenging property, with the $RC_{50}$ values of 0.362 and 0.127 mg/ml, respectively. Among the solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the 50% aqueous-MeOH fraction showed the highest level of free-radicalscavenging activity ($RC_{50}$ = 0.039 mg/ml). While the DCM extract showed low level of antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli, the MeOH extract was active against B. cereus, B. subtilis, E. coli and ampicillin-resistant E. coli. However, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the MeOH extract against these bacterial strains were >10 mg/ml. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps ($LD_{50}$ = > 1.00 mg/ml).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.165-167
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• 2013

Five taxa of the genus Ajuga L. (Lamiaceae) were known previously in Korea which were mainly distributed in lowland and lower montane areas at 50-1000 m elevation. We report an unrecorded taxon of the genus Ajuga in Korea, namely Ajuga nipponensis Makino. This taxon was discovered at Is. Nok, Boryeong-si, in Chungcheongnam Province. A. nipponensis is found to be distributed along roadsides near villages of the island. A. nipponensis was distinguishable from other Ajuga in Korea by following combination of characters: Stems erect or procumbent, arranged in a dense cluster, corolla whitish-pale pink, 10-12 mm long. This taxon was named 'Bun-hong-kkot-jo-gae-na-mul' in Korean based on color of the corolla. The key to the genus Ajuga in Korea is also provided.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

Lycopus charkeviczii Prob. (Lamiaceae Martinov) is found in all provinces of the Korean Peninsula, excluding Jeju-do. This species is closely related to L. lucidus Turcz. ex Benth., having such characters as persistent calyx of which the length is longer than the nutlets, and narrowly lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate leaves. However, it is distinguished from L. lucidus by its parted calyx and its smooth or rarely glandular nutlets with an irregularly toothed apex. This taxon was named 'San-swip-ssa-ri' in Korean based on its habitat. We provide a description, illustrations, photographs, and a key of related taxa in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

Two unrecorded alien plants, Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. (Urticaceae) and Elsholtzia griffithii Hook. f. (Lamiaceae), were found in Korea. P. microphylla was discovered in Seoul-si and Jeju-do. This species is distinguished from other related Korean taxa by leaf characteristics such as spatulate or obovate shape and 2-7 mm long with entire margin. E. griffithii was discovered in Incheon-si. This species is defined by spikes, narrowly lanceolate bract with 3 mm long and relatively shorter corolla length as ca 2.5 mm. Here, we provide Korean name, descriptions of the morphological characteristics, photographs and a key to allied taxa.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2023

Paraphlomis koreana (Lamiaceae) was newly named and added to Korean flora in 2014. Paraphlomis belongs to the tribe Paraphlomideae, along with Ajugoides and Matsumurella. However, a recent study has suggested that P. koreana is morphologically similar to Matsumurella chinensis, making them difficult to distinguish from each other. Therefore, we aimed to examine the phylogenetic placement of P. koreana within the tribe and compare its genetic relationship with M. chinensis. We sequenced an additional complete plastid genome for an individual of P. koreana and generated sequences of nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA regions of internal and external transcribed spacers (ITS and ETS) for two individuals of P. koreana. Maximum likelihood analyses based on two nrDNA regions (ITS and ETS) and four plastid DNA markers (rpl16 intron, rpl32-trnL, rps16 intron, and trnL-F) covering 13 Paraphlomis species and M. chinensis were conducted. Phylogenetic analyses concordantly supported that P. koreana forms a monophyletic group with M. chinensis. Moreover, our study revealed that P. koreana includes nrDNA sequences of M. chinensis as minor intra-individual variants, suggesting that the genetic divergence between the two taxa is incomplete and may represent intraspecific variation rather than distinct species. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the independent species status of P. koreana within Paraphlomis should be reconsidered.