Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
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A phylogenetic analysis of the Korean endemic species Paraphlomis koreana (Lamiaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences

  • Eun-Kyeong HAN (Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung-Hyun KIM (Korean Wild Plant Institute) ;
  • Jin-Seok KIM (Korean Plant Diversity Institute) ;
  • Chang Woo HYUN (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Dong Chan SON (Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Gyu Young CHUNG (Department of Forest Science, Andong National University) ;
  • Amarsanaa GANTSETSEG (Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung-Hyun LEE (Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University) ;
  • In-Su CHOI (Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Hannam University)
  • Received : 2023.04.20
  • Accepted : 2023.06.16
  • Published : 2023.06.30
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Abstract

Paraphlomis koreana (Lamiaceae) was newly named and added to Korean flora in 2014. Paraphlomis belongs to the tribe Paraphlomideae, along with Ajugoides and Matsumurella. However, a recent study has suggested that P. koreana is morphologically similar to Matsumurella chinensis, making them difficult to distinguish from each other. Therefore, we aimed to examine the phylogenetic placement of P. koreana within the tribe and compare its genetic relationship with M. chinensis. We sequenced an additional complete plastid genome for an individual of P. koreana and generated sequences of nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA regions of internal and external transcribed spacers (ITS and ETS) for two individuals of P. koreana. Maximum likelihood analyses based on two nrDNA regions (ITS and ETS) and four plastid DNA markers (rpl16 intron, rpl32-trnL, rps16 intron, and trnL-F) covering 13 Paraphlomis species and M. chinensis were conducted. Phylogenetic analyses concordantly supported that P. koreana forms a monophyletic group with M. chinensis. Moreover, our study revealed that P. koreana includes nrDNA sequences of M. chinensis as minor intra-individual variants, suggesting that the genetic divergence between the two taxa is incomplete and may represent intraspecific variation rather than distinct species. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the independent species status of P. koreana within Paraphlomis should be reconsidered.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Mr. Kang-Hyup Lee at Korea National Arboretum for providing us the photo of Nutlet. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR202203102).

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