• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.585-590
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• 2018

Background: Although testing to detect weak D antigens using the antihuman globulin reagent is not required for D- patients in many countries, it is routinely performed in Korea. However, weak D testing can be omitted in D- patients with a C-E- phenotype as this indicates complete deletion of the RHD gene, except in rare cases. We designed a new algorithm for weak D testing, which consisted of RhCE phenotyping followed by weak D testing in C+ or E+ samples, and compared it with the current algorithm with respect to time and cost-effectiveness. Methods: In this retrospective study, 74,889 test results from January to July 2017 in a tertiary hospital in Korea were analyzed. Agreement between the current and proposed algorithms was evaluated, and total number of tests, time required for testing, and test costs were compared. With both algorithms, RHD genotyping was conducted for samples that were C+ or E+ and negative for weak D testing. Results: The algorithms showed perfect agreement (agreement=100%; ${\kappa}=1.00$). By applying the proposed algorithm, 29.56% (115/389 tests/yr) of tests could be omitted, time required for testing could be reduced by 36% (8,672/24,084 min/yr), and the test cost could be reduced by 16.53% (536.11/3,241.08 USD/yr). Conclusions: Our algorithm omitting weak D testing in D- patients with C-E- phenotype may be a cost-effective testing strategy in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2000

The viviparity of 28 rice varieties was tested at 25 days after heading(DAH), 35DAH, and 45DAH in the laboratory and field condition for 12 days. The incubation temperature was 20/l$0^{\circ}C$ (day/night), 25/15$^{\circ}$C$ and 30/20$^{\circ}$C$ in the laboratory test, and under field water conditions in the field test. The biggest varietal difference of viviparity was found in the laboratory test when examined at 45DAH with the 6-day incubation under 25/15$^{\circ}$C$ . At this conditions the mean viviparous ratio was 32.1 % with the range of 53.9 and the variance of 259.5. In the field test, the significant varietal difference in the viviparity was also found in the lodging treatment at 45 DAH for 6 days. Correlation coefficient analysis between the field and laboratory tests was highly significant from 4 days after incubation at 45 DAH and after 6-day incubation at 35 DAH, and correlation coefficient was higher as incubation days in the laboratory and submerged days under field water became longer. Considering the correlation between the field and laboratory tests, varietal difference of viviparity and convenience of testing, the laboratory test at 45 DAH for 6-day incubation under 25/15$^{\circ}$C$ was the most efficient evaluation method for the viviparity of rice cultivar.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.130-140
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• 2000

The earthquake hazard has been evaluated for 10km by 10km area around Kyeongju which is located near Yangsan fault and has abundant historical earthquake records. The ground motion potentials were determined based on equivalent linear analysis by using the data obtained from in situ and laboratory tests and the El centro eartqhuake record scaled to CLE and OLE of the region. The in situ tests include 9 boring investigations 2 crosshole 7 downhole 13 SASW tests and in the laboratory X-ray diffraction analyses and resonant column tests were performed. The peak ground accelerations range between 0.140g and 0.286g on CLE and between 0.051g and 0.116g on OLE respectively showing the good potential of amplification in the deep alluvial layer which is common in Kyeongju area. the response spectrum based on the Korea design guide was sometimes underestimate the motion. particularly near the natural period of the site and the importance of site-specific analysis and need for the improved site categorization method were introduced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.147-152
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to develope an understanding of fundamental mechanism of shear behaviour between granite and concrete interfaces. The interface of pile socketed in rock can be modeled in laboratory tests by resolving the axisymmetric pile situation into the two dimensional situation under CNS(constant normal stiffness) direct shear condition. In this paper, the granite core samples were used to simulate the interface condition of piles socketed In granite. The samples were prepared in the laboratory to simulate field condition, roughness(angle, height), stress boundary condition, and then tested by CNS direct shear tests. This paper gives some points about shearing behaviour of socket piles into domestic granite through the analysis of CNS tests results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.03b
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• pp.309-316
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• 2000

When highly compressible, clayey soil layers lies at a limited depth and large consolidtion settlements are expected as the result of construction, precompression of soil may be used to minimize postconstruction settlement. In this study, we tried to find the possibility about the effect of ground improvement using flat dilatometer at the Inchon International Airport where preloading was installed. Field and laboratory tests were performed for soft ground before and after preloading in order to check the effectiveness of the soft ground improvement and compared with the test results of dilatometer which obtained before and after preloading at the same location Field tests such as flat dilatometer, vane, CPTu tests were performed before and after preloading and undisturbed samples are obtained to carry out laboratory tests. As comparing results, after preloading, unit weight, effective stress, undrained shear strength were increased and we can also check the decrease of consolidation late caused of decrease of void ratio. Furthermore, it is assumed that the possibility on the effect of ground improvement by using the flat dilatometer

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-18
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• 2012

Observed wall damage in recent earthquakes in Chile and New Zealand, where modern building codes exist, exceeded expectations. In these earthquakes, structural wall damage included boundary crushing, reinforcement fracture, and global wall buckling. Recent laboratory tests also have demonstrated inadequate performance in some cases, indicating a need to review code provisions, identify shortcomings and make necessary revisions. Current modeling approaches used for slender structural walls adequately capture nonlinear flexural behavior; however, strength loss due to buckling of reinforcement and nonlinear and shear-flexure interaction are not adequately captured. Additional research is needed to address these issues. Recent tests of reinforced concrete coupling beams indicate that diagonally-reinforced beams detailed according to ACI 318-$11^1$ can sustain plastic rotations of about 6% prior to significant strength loss and that relatively simple modeling approaches in commercially available computer programs are capable of capturing the observed responses. Tests of conventionally-reinforced beams indicate less energy dissipation capacity and strength loss at approximately 4% rotation.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2019

The physiological function test is the only patient contact area in the field of clinical laboratory. We need to recruit and encourage the experts due to requiring the expertise and long time for examination. However, there is currently no rule for estimating optimal workforce in the field of physiological function tests. The purpose of this study is to establish the basis of the studies for mid- to long-long term job creation in the field of ultrasound by evaluating the number of appropriate tests and appropriate workforce. We calculated the quantitative and qualitative workload for the number of appropriate tests and appropriate workforce using online questionnaire. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A total of 216 respondents were 48 (22.2%) male and 168 (77.8%) female. A total of 157 laboratories were 62 (39.5%) for echocardiography, 91 (58.0%) for the transcranial Doppler (TCD) and 4 (5.7%) for the carotid ultrasound. The mean number of appropriate tests was 10 ± 2 in the echocardiography, 9 ± 2 in TCD and 11 ± 2 in the carotid ultrasound. In addition, the number of laboratories required to recruit employees for appropriate workforce was 19 in echocardiography, 18 in TCD, and 0 in carotid ultrasound. The number of hospital required to recruit workforce were 7 primary hospitals, 22 secondary hospitals, 7 third hospitals. This study can be used as an important data as the first study at present time when the data on the workforce status and work environment of the ultrasonic laboratories is insufficient. Based on the quantitative and qualitative workloads, the number of appropriate tests and appropriate workforce can support mid- to long-long term job creation in the field of ultrasound.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 1972

Nine DETERGENT base materials have been examined in a series of in vivo and in vitro TESTS involving the use of HUMAn SKIN and various ANIMAL SKINS. Lack of agreement between the results from different tests was apparent and cautious approach to predictive SKIN-IRRITANCY testing with detergents is advocated.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2019

Hepatitis refers to inflammation of hepatocytes and liver tissue, and is mainly caused by viruses, alcohol, and drugs. Forsythiae Fructus has traditionally been used as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic. Research on rengyolone, a bioactive substance extracted from Forsythiae Fructus, is rarely found in Korea and abroad. First, an acute animal toxicity test for rengyolone was conducted for the animal experiment. 4 week-old SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with acetaminophen for 2 weeks to induce chronic liver inflammation. Rengyolone was orally administered into two groups during 4 weeks: pre-inflammatory group and post-inflammatory group. Oral doses were also divided into 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg. Liver function tests (ALT, AST, ALP), western blot analysis of liver tissue, and level of inflammatory cytokine were performed to evaluate the improvement of hepatitis. Experimental results showed that rengyolone inhibited the development of acute inflammation and thus could reduce hepatitis symptoms.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.301-314
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• 2005