• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to compare prenatal education programs for anxiety and labor efficacy in third trimester women. Method: The subjects were 95 primigravida who attended a prenatal education program at H and B hospital in Kyounggi province and a health center in Chungbuk province and in the Incheon metropolitan area. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, and trait and state anxiety, and labor efficacy were measured. The data was analyzed by frequency, mean, and paired t-test. Result: In this study, there was a high level of anxiety in the primigravida. After the program, only state anxiety was decreased significantly at the attendants of the health center. Labor efficacy was a little increased, but this was not significant. Anxiety was increased and labor efficacy was decreased in the attendant of a private hospital. Conclusion: These education programs were not so effective to decrease anxiety and to increase labor efficacy. For on effective program to increase labor efficacy, it is necessary to standardize prenatal education program content and to revise it to decrease state anxiety closer to delivery. It is necessary to discover why these programs were not effective.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.165-179
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze career behaviors(job exploration, job hunting) of the need mode in the women's second labor market transition. To obtain this objective 501 women, who quitted their job in 780 women randomly sampling completed questionnaire. To analyze data, $x^2$, ANOVA were executed. Research results were explained, there were no difference career behaviors, experience of career counseling, experience of career education, aspiration of career behaviors by the need mode in the women's second labor market transition. But, there were difference motivation of labor market entry, career barriers, preference of occupations, level of job competence of career behaviors by the need mode in the women's second labor market transition. The implications of the results on women's second labor market transition of developing career education and counseling programs were discussed and finally suggestions for further study were made.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.219-228
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• 2023

Purpose: Preterm birth is increasing, and obstetric nurses should have the competency to provide timely care. Therefore, training is necessary in the maternal nursing practicum. This study aimed to investigate the effects of practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm on preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence in senior nursing students. Methods: A pre-post quasi-experimental design with three groups was used for 61 students. The preterm-labor assessment algorithm was modified into three modules from the preterm-labor assessment algorithm by March of Dimes. We evaluated preterm labor-related knowledge, clinical practice confidence, and educational satisfaction. Data were analyzed with the paired t-test and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm significantly improved both preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence (paired t=-7.17, p<.001; paired t=-5.51, p<.001, respectively). The effects of the practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm on knowledge lasted until 8 weeks but decreased significantly at 11 and 13 weeks after the program, while the clinical practice confidence significantly decreased at 8 weeks post-program. Conclusion: The practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm was effective in improving preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence. The findings suggest that follow-up education should be conducted at 8 weeks, or as soon as possible thereafter, to maintain knowledge and clinical confidence, and the effects should be evaluated.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.585-593
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• 2020

This study contributes to the existing literature by empirically exploring the causes of child labor in the Indonesian labor market. Factors identified include rate of poverty, average wages, education participation, and quality of education. This study utilized an aggregate data of 301 districts and cities across 34 provinces sourced from the National Labor Force Survey and the National School/Madrasah Accreditation Board of the Republic of Indonesia. Using a multiple regression analysis, the study found strong evidence of the positive effect of poverty on child labor. Conversely, the study documented the adverse impact of average wages on child labor in Indonesia. Similarly, the participation in the education system also contributed negatively to the child labor. Finally, the quality of education services is found to have a negative effect on child labor in Indonesia. The findings of this study suggest that, in efforts to reduce the involvement of children in the workforce, the poverty eradication program should be enhanced. The wages should be continuously improved, at least, in par with the changes in prices. Finally, the quality of education and its services ought to be further enhanced to attract more child student participation rates across junior high schools nationwide.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.261-268
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• 1998

The productivity of port labor in Pusan port is very low and the ratio of port accident is high in comparision with other advanced foreign ports. The aim of this paper is to find why the productivity in Pusan port is much lower than that of other countries in terms of port labor education systems. To obtain the objective of this study, the writers used 163 questionnaire for port labor in BCTOC, PECT and UTC for the survey of training method of cargo equipment handling. The result of this study shows as follows; (1) From the fact that ratio of labor who were trained by KPTI was 2.5%, we could say the public training system of port labor is not operated properly (2) As most of laborers are trained by the experienced associate, they do not recognize how the level of cargo handling equipment is set to increase the productivity. (3) In order that the port public training system plays a good role in port industry, a new license system should be introduced and an expert education system should be developed.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.21-35
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine how demand for labor affects the job seeker's decision on the level of investment in education. In the current paradigm of economic growth in which innovations and technological developments generally weaken the strength demand for labor and increases the uncertainty related to employment, this paper provides a theoretical framework that can be used as a basic framework in understanding the decision of investment in education in varying conditions of demand for labor. The following are the findings of this paper. First, the level of investment in education can generally be regarded to be higher as the demand for labor exacerbates but for the job seekers with a certain characteristic. Second, the Arrow-Pratt absolute risk-aversion measure is the characteristic of the job seeker that determines in what direction the job seeker changes in the level of investment in education, For an arbitrary level of demand for labor there exists a certain threshold which determines the minimum degree of risk-aversion required for the job seeker's Arrow-Pratt should go over to increase the level of education as demand for labor weakens. Third, the job seekers lower the level of education even though the demand condition in labor markets weakens if the compensation function does not depend on the level of education. This is surprising because it turns out that one of the reasons why job seekers invest in education is that they want to be recognized in their compensation for their level of education even when more education still raises the probability of employment.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-40
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• 2020

Purpose - The labor management department is an important area in charge of the labor-management relations that affects the competitiveness of the company. This study seeks to diagnose labor management education focusing on labor manager competency strengthening curriculum that is currently being conducted domestically and propose an educational model that can contribute to the labor manager competency development by researching improvement measures. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, the first phase is a Delphi open form survey and 15 expert panels participated. The second phase had 31 expert panels participating and in the final IPA analysis, targeting 111 on-site subjects, it conducted a survey regarding desired level of current educational level and future education requirement. Results - A final 57 subjects regarding 11 items to increase the competency of the labor managers through the first and second Delphi survey was deduced through this study. To add, regarding the current education level and desired level that the current workers are thinking with respect to analysis results of the 57 subjects through the IPA analysis, an educational model could be deduced to increase competency of the labor managers based on the result. Conclusions - Thus far, research regarding labor management has been insufficient as it was defined as a subordinate role to human resources. This study reviews the role and competency of labor managers and presented an educational model to strengthen the capabilities of internal labor managers to re-illuminate the labor manager. However, this study is limited in terms of the diversity of the types of companies participating and the small number of panels. Better data can be produced if such parts are supplemented in the future.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.697-709
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of education and training on labor productivity of the leading firms in Busan during the period of 1999~2000. In order to control for firm heterogeneity and the endogeneity problem of education and training, we employed fixed effects model and 2SLS. Our empirical results showed that firms expenditures per capita on education and training were positively correlated with their labor productivity. We also tested whether the effects of education and training on labor productivity vary with firm size or across industries. It is shown that, while firm size makes no statistical differences, the effect of education and training on labor productivity is smaller in service industry than in manufacturing one. From heterogeneous effect of education and training across industries, we could infer that policies to support various education and training programs in service industry are needed to be reinforced to improve the competitiveness of service industry.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-89
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• 2004

In this paper, I examine the impacts of father's education, a proxy for family wealth and income, on the individual's education, occupational choice and labor force status. I find that father's education influences the level of individual educational investment and occupational choices directly, whose findings are quite different from those of Blau and Duncan(l967) and Phang and Kim(2000). I also find that father's higher level of education induces an individual to withdraw from the labor force, which results in erosion of inequality among family. Therefore I argue that the inheritance of inequality in family wealth tends to persist, while the erosion of inequality proceeds, as well.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.30-45
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• 2014

Using the data of Economically Active Population Survey and GOMS, we analyze youth employee's labor mobility. We found the causes of the youth employee's labor mobility as follows: work environment, salary, enterprise's vision, job satisfaction, job mismatching, organizational culture, mismatching of work and housing and so on. On the basis of results, we proposed a step by step solutions. The resulting policy implication is that rather than raising job finding rate of the unemployed youths, we need to focus more on reducing job mismatching.