• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 1984

This study was conducted to know the influence of plant age and cultural conditions such as plant population density and light intensity under the shading on the leaf shape of panax ginseng. The result obtained were as follows; 1) Leaf length(L)/maximum width(W) was no difference with different age of over 3-over 3year old plant, but that of 1 or 2-yearold was smaller than those of over 3-year old. The values of L/W showed in the order of 2 or 4,3, 1 or 5 leaflet. 2) Ratios of leaflet area to leaf area were 32.0% in leaflet 3, from 209.% to 27.9% in leaflet 2 or 4, and from 6.5% to 7.1% in leaflet 1 or 5. 3) The coefficients of variability for L/W and ratio of leaflet area to leaf area of leaflet 3 were smallest among leaflets. 4) There were significant differences between largest and smallest leaflet 3, leaf areas and ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area in same plant. 5) LW and ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area were not affected by plant population density. 6) It showed a tendency that the L/W was increased with increasing the light transmittance rate (LTR). The ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area of ginseng grown under 20% LTR was not different comparing to that of plant grown under 5% LTR, but it was significantly increased in plant grown at 100% LTR.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.655-655
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• 2002

Spatial distribution of phytoplankton pigment concentration (PPC) and sea surface temperature (SST) around the East Korean Warm Current (EKWC) was described, using both ocean color images and advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) images. Water mass in this region can be classified into five categories in the horizontal profile of PPC and SST, nLw(normalized water-leaving radiance) images: (1) coastal cold water region associated with concentrations of dissolved organic material or yellow colored substances and suspended sediments, (2) cold water region of thermal frontal occurred by a combination of phytoplankton absorption and suspended materials, (3) warm water overlay region by the phytoplankton absorption than the suspended materials; (4) warm water region occurred by the low phytoplankton absorption, and (5) offshore region occurred by the high phytoplankton absorption. In particular, the highest PPC area appeared in the ocean color and SST images with a band shaped distribution of the thermal front and ocean color front region, which is located the coastal cold waters along western thermal front of the warm streamer of the EKWC.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1077-1082
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• 2007

The necessity of the high speed exclusive use server that connect digital measure instrument flag to internet and CPU use rate of measure flag uses other imbedded operating system with many general servers to verification & proofreading system in remotion. This research is objective that embody high speed network module for Site-Based remote verification & proofreading system and through internet digital measure instrument flag to remote verification & proofreading, TCP/IP Offload Engine processing and improved that is Imbedded TCP/IP stack for high speed networking.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1223-1226
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• 2004

Previously candidate gene approach revealed estrogen receptor (ESR) locus was associated with increased litter size. In this study, PvuII polymorphisms of ESR gene was detected by PCR-RFLP, and ESR locus was evaluated for its association with reproductive tracts components in the Large $White{\times}Meishan$ ($LW{\times}M$) F2 offspring. Ninety seven gilts with reproductive tracts components records and 136 offspring with performance traits records were genotyped and the results were used to estimate allele substitution effects. The results showed that two alleles (A and B) were identified, and 121 bp fragments were observed for the AA genotype and 65 bp and 56 bp fragments for the BB genotype; the length of uterine body (LUB) of BB gilts were significantly shorter than AA gilts', the additive effect was -1.762 cm; the uterine weight (UW) of AB gilts were significantly lighter than AA gilts' with the additive effect -18.058 g; no significant associations of ESR alleles with ovulation rate (OR), length of uterine horn (LUH), length of uterine cervix (LUC), weight of two ovaries (OW), volume of uterine lumen (VUL), length of oviduct (LO) were observed. BB genotypes gilts need significantly less days to 100 kg ($D_{100kg}$) than AA genotypes (p<0.01), the additive effect was per copy of B allele. Allele B is also favorable for average daily gain (ADG), with additive effect 0.015 kg/d (p<0.05). There was no difference between genotypes for backfat thickness at the 13th rib (SF13), loin meat height (ELMH), and loin meat percentage was estimated (ELMP), individual birth weight (IBW) and teat number (TN).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.154.1-154.1
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• 2010

석탄가스화복합발전(IGCC)에서는 석탄을 가스화하여 얻어진 합성가스로부터 이산화탄소를 분리/회수하고 수소는 유용하게 사용할 수 있다. 이 기술의 핵심은 $H_2+CO_2$ (40%) 합성가스로부터 $CO_2$를 경제적이고 효과적으로 분리/회수하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 합성가스로부터 $CO_2$를 효과적으로 분리/회수하기 위해 가스 하이드레이트 형성법을 제안하였다. 하이드레이트 형성 조건을 완화시켜 주기 위하여 열역학적 촉진제로서 TBAB, TBAF, THF를 첨가하여 열역학적 촉진 현상을 살펴보았다. 다양한 농도의 TBAB (10, 40, 60 wt%), TBAF (10, 34, 45 wt%), THF (4, 19, 31 wt%)에 대하여 3상 평형 (하이드레이트 (H) - 물 (LW) - 기상 (V))을 측정한 결과 40 wt%의 TBAB, 34 wt%의 TBAF, 19 wt%의 THF의 농도에서 가장 큰 촉진효과를 보였으며, 그 이상의 조성에서는 오히려 촉진효과가 줄어드는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 순수계와 촉진제 첨가계에 대하여 하이드레이트 생성 후의 기상과 하이드레이트상의 $CO_2$ 조성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 모든 실험조건에서 하이드레이트상에 85% 이상의 높은 농도로 $CO_2$가 농축되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 과정을 반복하면 순도 99% 이상의 매우 높은 $CO_2$ 기체를 얻을 수 있다. 또한, 가스 하이드레이트 형성과정의 반응특성을 살펴보기 위하여 반응시간에 따른 기상의 $CO_2$ 농도변화를 측정하였다. 본 실험에서 얻어진 결과는 가스 하이드레이트 형성법을 이용한 합성가스 분리 공정 개발에 중요한 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 1998

In a feeding trial, Jamunapari male kids (18) of about 4 months age were equally divided into two groups of nine animals each. Goats in the experimental group were fed sun-dried pelleted Leucaena leucocephala leaves and those in the control group were offered a conventional diet without Leucaena leaves as per Kearl (1982) recommendations for a period of 6 months. Daily dry matter intake DMI/100 kg BW was $3.13{\pm}0.04kg$ in the Leucaena group and $3.30{\pm}0.05kg$ in the control. There were significant (p < 0.01) differences in the apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF and NFE being lower in the Leucaena group. Contents of digestible crude protein (DCP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) were 11.40 and 52.20%, respectively, in the Leucaena group and 14.04 and 66.10%, respectively in the control. The nitrogen in the Leucaena group was not well utilized as compared to the control, though kids were in positive nitrogen balance in both the groups. The average daily weight gain of kids on pelleted Leucaena was $29.95{\pm}2.60g$ as against $42.09{\pm}3.24g$ observed in the control. The mean DMI/kg LW gain was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the Leucaena group ($14.70{\pm}0.78kg$) as compared to the control ($11.55{\pm}0.46kg$). The Hb, BUN, SGOT and SGPT concentrations were statistically similar in both the groups. Histopathological examination of thyroid gland of goats sacrificed at the end of experiment did not reveal any signs of colloidal goitre associated with mimosine toxicity. No significant pathological alterations were observed in vital organs irrespective of dietary treatment. Sundried, pelleted Leucaena foliage appears to be a promising potential feed for growing goats without any significant deleterious effect.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.818-824
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• 2011

Eight LW${\times}$D crossbred, castrated weanling piglets were used to examine the effect of hyperglycemia by streptozotocin (STZ)-injection on oxidative and anti-oxidative status in circulating fluid. Every two of the eight piglets were intravenously administrated STZ at a dose of 0 (control), 100, 125 or 150 mg/kg BW, respectively, and on 15th day after the STZ-injection, some markers of the oxidative stress in circulating fluid were measured to evaluate oxidative and anti-oxidative status in the piglets. First, piglets with hyperglycemia were selected from the STZ-injected piglets as measured by the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) during 2 weeks after the STZ-injection. Additionally, data obtained from the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) on 14th day were analyzed. Secondly, the data obtained in this experiment were divided into the control group and the hyperglycemic (STZ) group, and compared. The FPG level or area under curve (AUC) for plasma glucose during the IVGTT in the STZ-induced diabetic piglets was slightly significantly (FPG, p = 0.070; AUC, p = 0.072) higher compared with the control. On the other hand, the plasma level of lipid peroxidation in the STZ-induced diabetic piglets was significantly (p<0.05) higher compared with the control. These results raise the possibility that STZ-induced diabetic piglets produced in this study can be used as a diabetic animal model to research the pathogenic mechanisms or therapy of complications in diabetic mellitus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.03b
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• pp.87-92
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• 2000

In excavation of tunnels especially located in shallow depth, it is not rare to meet geological change in excavation progress worse than expected in the initial design stage. This paper present a case study on the re-design of excavation and support system of a shallow tunnel under construction where it meets the unexpected bad geological condition during excavation. The detailed geological investigation shows that the rock mass is heavily weathered and fractured with RMR value less than 20. Considering this geological condition, the design concept is focused on the reinforcement of the ground preceding the excavation of tunnel. Two design patterns, LW-grouting & forepoling with pilot tunnelling method and the steel pipe reinforced grouting method, are suggested. Numerical analysis by FLAC shows that these two patterns give the tunnel and roof ground stable in excavation process while the original design causes severe failure zone around the tunnel and floor heaving. In point of the mechanical stability and the degree of construction, the steel pipe reinforced grouting technique proved to be good for the reinforcement of heavily fractured rock mass in tunnelling. This assessment and design process would be a guide in the construction of tunnels in heavily weathered and fractured rock mass situation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

A total of 120 pigs $(L\;{\times}\;LW\;{\times}\;D)$ averaged 14.16 kg of body weight were reared under six dietary treatments to evaluate the effects of amino acid supplementation on their performances. Treatments were 1) 18% CP diet (control); 2) 15% CP+0.28% Lys (B, 15L); 3) B+0.06% Met (15LM); 4) B+0.13% Thr (15LT) ; 5) B+0.06% Met+0.13% Thr (15LMT); 6) B+0.06% Met+0.13% Thr+0.05% Trp (15LMTT). Each treatment had 4 replicates with 5 pigs per replicate. The daily weight gains were statistically similar in 15LMT, 15LMTT and control groups. Threonine and methionine supplementation resulted in improved growth performance and nutrient digestibilities, while tryptophan supplementation had little beneficial effect. However, the best feed conversion was found in the control group. Dry. matter and CP digestibilities were improved in the 15LMT and 15LMTT groups. Gross energy, crude fat and phosphorus digestibilities were not affected by the treatment. Among the 15% CP groups, nitrogen digestibility showed the tendency to be increased as the more synthetic amino acids were added. Dry matter and nitrogen excretions were significantly reduced by feeding low protein, amino acid fortified diets, while phosphorus excretion was not influenced. Essential amino acids digestibility was higher in 15LT, 15LMT and 15LMTT groups and lower in the control. The 15LT group showed the best lysine digestibility, and methionine digestibilities were higher in all treated groups than control one. Threonine digestibilities higher in 15LT 15LMT, and 15LMTT than the control. The result shows that threonine and methionine should be added to the diet containing 15% CP diet, fortified with lysine to get same performance of 18% CP diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.632-637
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• 2006

Oviduct-specific glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1) is implicated in playing a role in fertilization and early embryo development. In this study, we have obtained the sequence of intron 9 of OVGP1 gene in swine. Comparative sequencing of Meishan (a native Chinese breed) and Large White pig breeds revealed an A/T substitution at position 943. A PCR-EcoRI-RFLP assay was developed to detect this mutation. Polymorphism analysis in Qingping animals showed that pigs with BB genotype had lower number of piglets born alive (NBA) in multiple parities than pigs with AA (p<0.05) and AB genotype (p<0.01). In Large $White{\times}Meishan$ ($LW{\times}M$) $F_2$ offspring, the weight of both ovaries (OW) of the BB genotype was significantly lighter than that of AB (p = 0.05) and AA (p<0.01) genotypes. Analysis of the data also revealed that the mutation locus affected these two traits mostly by additive effects. These studies indicated that the polymorphism was associated with NBA and OW in two distinct populations and further investigations in more purebreds or crossbreds are needed to confirm these results.