• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.16-22
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• 2023

Enhanced radio access technologies (RAT) are deployed in Next Generation Convergence Networks by the service providers so as to satisfy the basic requirements of end-users for e.g. QoS. Whenever the available resources are being shared simultaneously and dynamically by multiple users or distribution of allocated channels randomly, the deficiency of spectral resources and dynamic behavior of Network traffic in real time Networking, we may have problem. In order to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm, computer simulation has been performed on NS-2 simulator and a comparison with the existing algorithms has been made.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.12-16
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• 2013

2013 년을 기점으로 우리나라는 물론이고 해외 각국에서도 5G 에 대한 본격적인 준비에 돌입하고 있다. 산업 측면에서 볼 때, 본격적인 4세대 표준인 LTE-Adv. 기술의 중요기능 중의 하나인 Carrier Aggregation 이 이미 우리나라에서 상용서비스 중이고 다양한 장비 및 단말 들이 출시되고 있는 등, 본 궤도에 들어섰다고 볼 수 있기 때문에 자연스럽게 차세대 기술을 고려할 때가 되었다고 볼 수 있다. 본고에서는 1장에서는 5G 표준화를 전망해 보고, 2장에서는 해외 각국의 5G 관련 대응 노력들을 분석하며, 3장에서는 5G 시대를 겨냥한 활발한 국제 협력 움직임에 대해서 정리해 보고 결론으로는 우리나라가 갖추어야 할 준비사항에 대해서 제안해 본다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 2010

For the next generation mobile communication system, diverse wireless network techniques such as beyond 3G LTE, WiMAX/WiBro, and next generation WLAN etc. are proceeding to the form integrated into the All-IP core network. According to this development, Beyond 3G integrated into heterogeneous wireless access technologies must support the vertical handover and network to be used of several radio networks. However, unified management of each network is demanded since it is individually serviced. Therefore, in order to solve this problem this study is introducing the theory of Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) based on Generic Link Layer (GLL). This study designs the structure and functions to support the vertical handover and propose the vertical handover algorithm of which policy-based and MCDM are composed between LTE and WLAN systems using GLL and CRRM. Finally, simulation results are presented to show the improved performance over the data throughput, handover success rate and the system service cost.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

In this paper we presented 4G security models in an open environment. 4G networks have still more security holes and open issues for expert to notice. In here. we show that a number of new security threats to cause unexpected service interruption and disclosure of information will be possible in 4G due mainly to the fact that 4G is an IP-based, heterogeneous network. it tells about the security issues and vulnerabilities present in the above 4G standards.. we try to present several architectures behind 4G infrastructure for example WiMAX and 3GPP LTE architecture. Finally, we point to potential areas for future vulnerabilities and evaluate areas in 4G security which warrant attention. When you make a big dada program, If you use this network architecture then you can improve your learning speed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1672-1678
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• 2022

In this paper, the relay antenna was designed in consideration of the performance of the 28GHz band 5G mobile communication relay horn antenna, such as radiation pattern and return loss. A horn array for 5G mobile communication repeater was designed by arranging the antenna elements in phase, and the performance was analyzed. Unlike conventional WCDMA (3G) and LTE (4G), in millimeter wave band communication, high path loss occurs between transmission and reception. In the design of a 5G millimeter wave horn antenna, antenna performance such as isolation and gain between antenna elements as well as gain and bandwidth of the antenna must be additionally considered. The antenna gain of the single horn antenna (1×1) and the array horn antenna (2×4) in the 28GHz band is about 10.44d Bi and 19.58dBi, respectively, and the return loss is designed to be less than -18dB. It has proven its validity and has been shown to be suitable for application to 5G mobile communication relay system.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2017

As people increasingly rely on mobile networks in modern society, mobile communication security is becoming more and more important. In the Long Term Evolution/System Architecture Evolution (LTE/SAE) architecture, the 3rd Generation Partnership (3GPP) team has also developed the improved Evolved Packet System Authentication and Key Agreement (EPS AKA) protocol based on the 3rd Generation Authentication and Key Agreement (3G AKA) protocol in order to provide mutual authentication and secure communication between the user and the network. Unfortunately, the EPS AKA also has several vulnerabilities such as sending the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) in plain text (which leads to disclosure of user identity and further causes location and tracing of the user, Mobility Management Entity (MME) attack), man-in-middle attack, etc. Hence, in this paper, we analyze the EPS AKA protocol and point out its deficiencies and then propose an Efficient and Security Enhanced Authentication and Key agreement (ESE-EPS AKA) protocol based on hybrid of Dynamic Pseudonym Mechanism (DPM) and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) retaining the original framework and the infrastructure of the LTE network. Then, our evaluation proves that the proposed new ESE-EPS AKA protocol is relatively more efficient, secure and satisfies some of the security requirements such as confidentiality, integrity and authentication.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2011

4G WiBro service in Korea, the world's fourth-generation communication is standardized. VoIP service has been activated one of the application in WiBro communications infrastructure. When using VoIP in the WiBro service, complementing the existing VoIP vulnerabilities in the encryption and authentication technology is a need for research. In this paper, fourth-generation WiBro, LTE, and the definition, 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G compares. And, WiBro service in the VoIP edaehan technical, administrative, physical, and hacker attacks and vulnerability analysis is the study of security measures. Enhanced security measures for the WiBro service to VoIP security through encryption and authentication technologies are studied.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.557-564
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• 2015

In this paper, the compact antenna for handsets is designed using FR-4 substrate for LTE(905-960 MHz), WCDMA(1922.8-2167.2 MHz), DCS(1710.2-1879.8 MHz), US-PCS(1850.2-1989.8 MHz), WLAN(2400-2483 MHz). The CPW line with many advantages and a spiral geometry for miniaturization is proposed. Widths of a spiral line are constant, and three stubs are added to broaden the bandwidth. Lengths and widths of three stubs are gradually changed. And proposed antenna is optimized for VSWR<3, designed, and fabricated. The dimension of this antenna is only $40{\times}30{\times}1mm3$ which is compact. It has been demonstrated by experiment that the compact planar antenna can be used as the mobile communication LTE antenna for 4G.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.19-28
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• 2006

보다 높은 기술적 요구사항을 지니는 차세대 통신 시스템의 무선 접속 기술은 직교 다중파 전송 방식(OFDM)과 다중안테나 기술로 특징 지워진다. 현재 전세계적으로 고속 광대역 접속을 위한 이런 핵심 기술들은 IEEE 802.16,20, 3GPP, 3GPP2와 같은 국제 표준단체에서 표준 기술로 보편적으로 고려되고 있다. 다양한 표준 단체에서 경쟁적으로 차세대 이동 통신 표준 시스템을 개발함에도 불구하고, 3GPP LTE(Long Term Evolution) 시스템은 전세계적인 통신 기반환경과 일관된 시스템 진화과정을 고려 할때 가장 주목 받는 시스템으로 부각되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 차세대 통신 시스템의 실현 기술에 대한 기술적 정당성과 향후 차세대 통신 시스템의 한축을 이루게 될 3GPP LTE의 표준 동향 및 전망에 대해 알아본다.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.917-924
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• 2019

This paper presents a wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) that is suitable for LTE-Advanced and 5G communication standards employing carrier aggregation (CA). The proposed LNA encompasses a common input stage and a dual output second stage with a buffer at each distinct output. This architecture is targeted to operate in both intra-band (contiguous and non-contiguous) and inter-band CA. In the proposed design, the input and second stages employ a gm enhancement with resistive feedback technique to achieve self-biasing, enhanced gain, wide bandwidth as well as reduced noise figure of the proposed LNA. An up/down power controller controls the single input single out (SISO) and single input multiple outputs (SIMO) modes of operation for inter-band and intra-band operations. The proposed LNA is designed with a 45nm CMOS technology. For SISO mode of operation, the LNA operates from 0.52GHz to 4.29GHz with a maximum power gain of 17.77dB, 2.88dB minimum noise figure and input (output) matching performance better than -10dB. For SIMO mode of operation, the proposed LNA operates from 0.52GHz to 4.44GHz with a maximum voltage gain of 18.30dB, a minimum noise figure of 2.82dB with equally good matching performance. An $IIP_3$ value of -6.7dBm is achieved in both SISO and SIMO operations. with a maximum current of 42mA consumed (LNA+buffer in SIMO operation) from a 1.2V supply.