• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.591-601
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• 2017

The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of factors determining life satisfaction (LS) of local residents in chungbuk province. After reviewing the literature, this research selected and developed the 9 categories and specific indicators of LS. This research had obtained data through a face to face investigation using questionnaire, which surveyed 1,619 residents at 11 local governments in chungbuk province. This research analyzed the data using descriptive statistical methods and multiple linear regression method. This research found that 1) the level of overall LS had 4.433 points out of 7, the level of residential environment satisfaction had highest point (4.911), but the level of leisure culture satisfaction had lowest point (4.155), 2) in multiple regression analysis, The effect of income and consumption level on LS was highest. The degree of labor and life-social services was important factor to increase LS. The results of this study were expected to provide many implications for implementing policies to improve LS in the country and local governments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.452-453
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• 2006

저압 개폐기는 에어컨, 냉동기, 쇼케이스, 산업용 청소기, 전기 온수기, 건조기, 공조기, 펌프, 콤프레셔 등의 모터제어 및 히터와 조명기기의 개폐 등에 광범위하게 이용되는 개폐장치이다. 저압 전자개폐기는 수 천회에서 수백만회까지 빈번한 개폐사용조건으로 인해 시험규격에서는 개폐시험을 통해 수명을 검증하도록 되어 있다. 이 개폐시험 회로는 규정된 전압, 전류, 역률 조건을 맞추기 위해 저항과 리액터를 직렬 연결하여 구성한다. 또한 모터와 같은 리액터 부하를 개폐하는 개폐기의 경우는 전류차단 순간 과도회복전압의 피크비와 주파수를 규정하여 적용하고 있다. IEC60947-1에서는 과도회복전압의 피크비와 주파수에 대한 규정값을 제시하고 있으며 제시된 값을 제어하기 위한 회로를 제시하고 있다. 과도회복전압의 피크비와 주파수는 개폐기 접점의 절연성능과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 수명에 치명적인 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 LS산전(주) 부하개폐시험 회로의 과도회복전압 조건과 영향을 설명하고 제어하기 위한 저항과 커패시터를 적용하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.711-712
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• 2006

For the application of superconducting fault current limiters(SFCLs) to the protection system, quench recovery characteristics of Au/YBCO thin film were investigated. The Au/YBCO thin film was designed as a SFCL element with a bi-spiral pattern. The SFCL element limited the fault current successfully. For the analysis of the recovery to superconducting state, we measured resistance variation of the SFCL element after the quench. In addition, in order to investigate the dependence of quench characteristics of SFCL on the $LN_2$ cooling condition, we measured the recovery time under a pressure of 1, 2 and 3 atm. As the results, the recovery time increased in proportion to the duration of the fault currents. In the sub-cooled condition, while the quench development was exactly the same, the recovery time was shortened as the pressure increased.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.54-60
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• 1981

토양유실은 강우의 성질, 토양의 특성, 경사도 및 경사장, 배수방법에 따라 달라진다. 따라서 토양유실을 정확하게 예측하기 위해서는 위의 6개 인자에 관한 구명이 필요하다. 지금까지 우리 나라에서는 Wischmeier의 토양유실량 공식(USLE)을 효율적으로 적용하기 위하여 6개 인자중 강우인자, 토양침식관성 인자, 작물인자 및 토양보존인자에 대해서만 연구가 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 경사지에서의 경사장가 경사도가 토양유실에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 LS방정식을 유도하고자 하였다. 경기도 나주군 숙거리에 있는 농업진흥공사 농지 보존 시험소에서 10개의 과지 시험구에 대한 토양유실량을 측정하여 분석하였다. 10개의 시험구중 9개는 경사도 10%, 20% 및 30% 각각에 대해 10m, 20m 및 30m의 경사장으로 되어있으며 나머지 1개의 시험구는 다른 시험구와의 비교를 위한 표준구로서 15%의 경사도, 20m의 경사장으로 되어 있다. 토양은 예산류에 속하며 60%의 초질, 24%의 미초질 및 16%의 정토질로 구성되어 있다. 20회의 토양유실량 측정 기록중 12.7mm 이상의 강우에 의한 9회분의 유실량 측정자료를 회귀분석한 결과 다음과 같은 방정식이 유도되었다. 그러나 경사도와 경사장인자(LS)는 다른 여러 인자들과의 상호작용(interaction)을 내포하고 있기 때문에 앞으로의 LS 인자에 대한 연구는 여러 종류의 토양에서 경사의 조건을 다양하게 변화시켜 장기간 실험을 한다면 한국의 토양특성에 일반적으로 적용할 수 있는 LS방정식을 유도할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

Generally, tsunamis are generated by the rapid crustal movements of the ocean floor. Other factors of tsunami generation include landslides on coastal and ocean floor slopes, glacier collapses, and meteorite collisions. In this study, two numerical analyses were conducted to examine the formation, propagation, and deformation properties of landslide tsunamis. First, LS-DYNA was adopted to simulate the formation and propagation processes of tsunamis generated by dropping rigid bodies. The generated tsunamis had smaller wave heights and wider waveforms during their propagation, and their waveforms and flow velocities resembled those of theoretical solitary waves after a certain distance. Second, after the formation of the landslide tsunami, a tsunami based on the solitary wave approximation theory was generated in a numerical wave tank (NWT) with a computational domain that considered the stability/steady phase. The comparison of two numerical analysis results over a certain distance indicated that the waveform and flow velocity were approximately equal, and the maximum wave pressures acting on the upright wall also exhibited similar distributions. Therefore, an effective numerical model such as LS-DYNA was necessary to analyze the formation and initial deformations of the landslide tsunami, while an NWT with the wave generation method based on the solitary wave approximation theory was sufficient above a certain distance.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.277-288
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• 2015

Purpose: As the rate of senior citizens living alone increases in the current aging society, there is much concern regarding the health and nutritional intake of solitary senior citizens. Therefore, this study compared the nutritional intake of senior citizens according to their family type. Methods: In July and August of 2011, two senior citizen welfare centers in Seoul were visited to survey 267 elderly women. Excluding 54 subjects for which the data were incomplete, information from 213 subjects was analyzed. The subjects were divided into three family types, living alone (LA, n = 74), living with spouse (LS, n = 78), and living with children (LC, n = 61). Results: The mean age of the LA group was the highest, while the mean age of the LS group was the lowest (p < 0.001), and WHR of the LC group was the highest (p = 0.049). Income was the highest in the LS group (p < 0.001). Frequency of eating out was the lowest in the LA group (p = 0.031). By Duncan's multiple analysis, the amounts of energy intake, vegetable protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, Vit D, Vit E, $Vit\;B_2$, niacin, $Vit\;B_6$, $Vit\;B_{12}$, and cholesterol were significantly higher in the LS group compared with the LA or LC group (p < 0.05). The intakes of calcium, Vit D, $Vit\;B_{12}$, and cholesterol were still significantly different among the three groups, even after adjustment for age and monthly income. The LA group ate less fruit and fish than the LS or LC group (p < 0.05). The LA group showed the lowest dietary diversity and the LS group showed the highest diversity (p = 0.014), however, the significance of dietary diversity score among the three groups disappeared after adjustment for age and monthly income. Conclusion: Elderly women living with spouse were receiving better nutrition than elderly women living alone or living with children. Therefore, solitary elderly women who do not live with their spouse or children should be offered greater opportunities to receive a balanced meal at a congregational kitchen or welfare center. To ensure their healthy diet, it is essential to provide continuous nutrition education with these groups in mind.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.171-175
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• 2006

In this paper, we have developed a retrodirective active array operating in the 2 GHz LS band. The retrodirective array has the property of redirecting any electromagnetic wave back to the incoming direction without any priory informations. The system is integrated with phase conjugators and antenna array. Microwave phase conjugators can be implemented by microwave mixers. In this research, 2-port gate mixers using pHEMT and $1{\times}4$ monopole array have been used to achieve the retrodirectivity. The measured results have been compared with the theoretical prediction, and it has been shown that there exists a reasonable agreement between them. The monopole array can be used easily in many areas for simplicity and cost-effective property, and the retrodirective array developed in this research can be applied directly in the base station facilities for the wireless mobile communications. indoor wireless LAN and RFID transponders.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.288-297
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• 1999

This study has been carried out in order to measure the thickness of soft-tissue on lateral cephalographs based on body mass index(BMI) and the change in soft-tissue thickness after surgical correction of mandibular protrusion. The control material in cephalometric study comprised students at The Dental College, 38 persons, aged 21~24 years and the patient material comprised 20 women and 12men, aged 19~28 years with mandibular protrusion.The thickness of the soft-tissue based on BMI in control and study groups, the comparison between them, immediate postoperative change in the thickness, 6 months after surgery, ratio of soft-tissue response and correlation was established through various statistical methods. The result were as follows : 1. The groups based on BMI showed significant differences each other as regards the linear measurements. The thickest soft-tissue was measured 13.6mm, 15.47mm, 16.76mm at Ss, the thinnest at G' 6.0mm, 6.7mm, 7.26mm respectively. 2. The differences between control and experimental groups based on BMI showed to be significant. There were no differences at G'. The soft-tissue in prognathic patients was thicker at Ss, Ls and thinner at Li, Ls, Pg', Gn', Me'. Differential gap was greater in overweight groups. 3. The immediate soft-tissue change after surgery showed the increase at Li, Ls, Pg', Gn', Me' except G', Ls in all groups. 4. The postoperative soft-tissue change 6 months after surgery was similar with immediate change. The soft-tissue shows the increase in the thickness at Li, Pg', Gn', Me' and the greatest difference occurred at Li, 1.1mm, 0.98mm, 1.2mm respectively. 5. The patients with lower BMI index showed higher soft-tissue response to bony movement at Pg'. The immediate response ratio was 91%, 87%, 81% in A,B,C groups respectively, the response 6 months after surgery showed 96%, 91%, 84%.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.87-87
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of osmotic priming, liquid smoke (LS), sonication and modified drum priming treatments to improve the germination speed and uniformity of pepper seeds for high quality export seeds. Seeds were treated in 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10% LS solution only or with 100mM $K_2SO_4$ solution for 6days at $15^{\circ}C$. Sonication treatment was performed for 5, 10, and 20 minutes at an intensity of 5.2, 10.4, 15.7, 21.0, 26.1kHz in water at $15^{\circ}C$. After sonication treatment, seeds were primed with water or 100mM $K_2SO_4$ for 4days. 40, 50 and 60% seed moisture content (SMC) of hydrated seeds were incubated for 84, 96 and 108h in a container with a relative humidity of 99% at 26rpm for a modified drum priming treatments. 0.5% LS treatment with water or 100mM $K_2SO_4$ priming showed significant effects with 71% GP (9.0days MGT) and 66% GP (7.4days MGT), respective, while untreated seeds resulted in only 61% GP and 10days MGT. The healthy seed % was increased by 24% by $K_2SO_4$ priming with LS treatment compared to untreated seeds. However, sonication treatment showed less germination or no difference compared to untreated seed, regardless of intensity and treatment time. The modified drum priming treatment (108h incubation after 50% SMC hydration) significantly improved the GP (on the $4^{th}$days after sowing), germination rate (GR), and MGT to 65%, $28%{\cdot}day^{-1}$, and 3.6days, whereas untreated seed resulted only 7% GP, $17%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ GR and 5.9days MGT. Thus, modified drum priming treatment effectively improved seed germination and is considered as an industrially promising treatment methods considering the shortening of the treatment period and environment-friendly aspects.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.239-244
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• 2004

In this paper, we have developed a frequency mixer which can be used as a microwave phase conjugator in the LS band retrodirective antenna system. The mixer as a phase conjugator must have an If signal of which frequency is nearly as high as that of an RF signal, so this fact brings difficulty in the combination of input signals and the design of impedance matching circuit. The circuit configuration is chosen to be of the gate mixer using a pseudomorphic HEMT device. The operating frequencies are 4.00 ㎓, 2.01 ㎓, and 1.99 ㎓ for LO, RF, and IF, respectively. Conversion gain is measured to be 12.5 ㏈ and 1 ㏈ compression point -34 ㏈m at the LO power of -7 ㏈m. The mixer fabricated in this research is the single-ended type, where RF leakage signal appears inevitably at the If port because RF and If frequencies are almost the same. The circuit topology suggested here can be applied directly to the design of balanced-type mixers and phase conjugators.