• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.573-605
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• 2015

본 논문은 2014년 7월과 2015년 7월부터 시행된 발전용 유연탄 과세와 LNG 세율 변경을 중심으로 세제 개편의 시나리오들을 설정하여 2029년까지의 SMP, 정산단가, 조세수입에 대한 영향을 추정하고, 시나리오 1(기준시나리오)의 값들과 비교하였다. 추정에서는 우리나라의 전력계통과 전력시장 운용방식에 특화한 모형과 전력수급기본계획 등의 정부 계획자료를 이용하여 전력계통 모의 실험을 실시하였다. 발전용 유연탄에 과세하고 조세중립성을 확보하기 위해 LNG에 대해서도 과세하는 경우에 단기에 SMP는 시나리오 1의 경우에 비해서 낮아진다. 원자력발전의 경우는 과세를 하여도 발전비용이 다른 발전원의 발전비용보다 작고, 원자력발전이 SMP를 결정하는 시간대가 거의 없기 때문에 과세가 SMP에 미치는 영향은 거의 없다. 따라서 SMP와 정산단가의 동조화관계가 성립한다면, 단기에 발전용 유연탄에 대한 과세로 에너지소비의 전력화현상을 둔화시키기는 어렵다. 그러나 중 장기에는 석탄발전설비가 충분히 확보되면 발전용 유연탄에 대한 과세는 SMP를 상승시키므로 세제 개편의 형태가 단기에 발전용 유연탄에만 과세하고 신규 유연탄 발전설비가 충분히 도입된 이후에 LNG에 대한 세율을 조정하면 에너지세제 개편으로 전기요금을 인상시켜서 전력수요를 감소시키려는 목적은 달성할 수 있을 것이다. 중 장기에는 발전설비의 확충으로 LNG복합발전기의 이용률이 낮아지므로 LNG에 대한 세율이 정산단가에 영향을 미치지 못한다. 원자력발전에 대한 과세는 SMP에 대한 영향과는 달리 정산조정계수의 영향으로 정산단가를 상승시켰다. 중 장기에 에너지세제가 갖는 순효과는 전력공급력의 확대에 따른 정산단가 하락이 에너지세제 부과에 따른 정산단가 상승을 상쇄시키는 정도에 따라서 달라질 것이다. 과세대상 중에서 원자력발전의 경우에 과세하는 경우에 추가적으로 발생하는 조세수입이 가장 컸다. 에너지세제의 형태와 조세수입의 관계를 보면 발전용 유연탄에 대한 세율이 높을수록, 그리고 원자력발전에 신규로 조세를 부과할수록 조세수입은 커진다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.679-688
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• 2008

Air-heating vaporizer usually is used to regasify LNG at satellite areas because of the small demand of natural gas there. The common type of air heating vaporizer which exists in the market is the longitudinally finned type with 8 fins, 55 mm fin length and 2mm fin thickness. To contribute in developing an efficient air-heating vaporizer, experiment on finned type air-heating vaporizer using 8 fins, 50mm(fin length) with 2 mm(fin thickness) which exist in the market and 4 fins, 75 mm(fin length) with 2 mm(fin thickness), which is proposed, were conducted. Then, both types of vaporizers are compared. The experiments were conducted in one hour by varying the ambient condition and the length of the vaporizer. The ambient air was controlled so that it has the same temperature, humidity and air velocity with air condition in every season available and the length was varied 4000 mm, 6000 mm and 8000 mm for each type of vaporizer. Additional experiment with longer duration, i.e. In this experiment, the main aspects in analyzing the characteristics of the air heating vaporizer the inlet-outlet enthalpy difference and the outlet temperature of the working fluid. $LN_2$ is used to substitute LNG because of safety reason. The results show that the characteristics of the finned type 4fin75le vaporizer are comparable to finned type 8fin50le vaporizer.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2016

Recently, the market of liquefied natural gas is growing in accordance with shale gas development and environmentally friendly policies. Also, LNG is in the spotlight as an alternative fuel to previously used fossil fuel and the fuel for the ship to meet emission standards which takes effected by IMO (International Maritime Organization). According to growth of LNG, LNG carriers needs are also expected to increase significantly. This study investigates low cycle fatigue (LCF) performance of 304L stainless steel weldments to investigate fatigue performance in plastic strain region. 304L stainless steel is known to have improved fatigue performance at cryogenic conditions. LCF behavior are investigated by a strain-controlled condition up to 1% strain range and conducted with three different thickness (3mm, 5mm, 10mm). Also, test were performed with three different strain ratio R such as R = -1, -0, 0.5, Finally, the fatigue design curve for 304L stainless steel weldments at room tem- perature are proposed. Considering all test conditions, it is shown that LCF performance have similar tendency regardless of thickness and strain ratio. LCF design curve of 304L stainless steel weldments are lower than 304L stainless steel base metal.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.289-304
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• 2022

Korea's LNG and crude oil are the most important energy and export raw materials, but 100% import resources by overseas. However, tanker shipping companies, which play the most crucial role in energy cargo security, are very small in number and size, which can be a factor in the supply chain crisis. Therefore, this paper studied the policy of expanding tanker transportation necessary for the transport of crude oil and LNG in Korea. In the existing literature, there was no policy study necessary for tanker ships, but referring only to the importance of overseas energy development and transportation, so we tried to derive various demands necessary for expanding the tanker fleet through expert interviews and AHP which was conducted on 89 related energy institutions to derive policies and their priorities. The results of the study are as follows. As for the policy, the financial support policy was the highest priority, followed by the business and the mutual cooperation policy of related agencies. Tax support (22.6%) and ship financing (19.4%) were the highest priorities, followed by the Energy Intermediate Promotion Act (11.9%), Tanker Guarantee Insurance (10.6%), Energy Budget Independence (9.3%), and Korea Trader Development (8.2%). Energy governance (6.3%), information center establishment (6.2%), and energy procurement committee (5.5%) ranked seventh, eighth, and ninth. The research results show that it is necessary to supply sufficient ships to the market through the expansion of ship finance for tankers and to follow business support policies such as guarantee insurance. In addition, it was also possible to derive that the financial resources need to be determined by law and independent budgets for consistency and continuity.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2019

Recently, an automobile market used to natural gas has emerged as fast-growing as the several countries, who holds abundant natural fuel resources, has promoted to supply the national agency for an automobile car. LNG fuel vessel is more efficient in another way as the energy density is high, but it requires a high technology and investment to maintain extreme low temperature. CNG fuel vessel are relatively low-cost alternative to LNG, but poorly economical in terms of energy density as well as showing safety issues associated with compressed pressure. The development of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) has emerged as one of potential solutions. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the weight of vessel by applying light-weighed a composite carbon fiber in order to response to the regulation of $CO_2$ emission. Herein, this study make the prototype ANG vessel not only based on the optimal design and analysis of material characteristic but also based on the shape design, and it suggest a new type for the composite carbon fiber vessel which verified functional test. Moreover, the detail shape design is analyzed by a finite element analysis, and its verifies the ANG vessel.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권6_3호
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• pp.1305-1314
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• 2023

The global ship repair and modification market is expected to grow up to approximately $ 30 billion by 2025. Korea's shipbuilding industry is leading the world grounded on its international competitiveness in design and production technology. The reality, however, is that the ship repair and modification industry is centered on Gyeongnam, and there are only two to three ship repair workplaces that can repair large ships. Therefore, domestic ship repair companies target small and medium-sized ships mainly. This is because there are few workplaces equipped with a large dock in which large ships like LNG ships can be inspected regularly or repaired, complaints are severe for environmental problems, and related environmental regulations are so strict that it is very hard to obtain government approval for the extension of ship repair and modification workplaces or the opening of new shipbuilding sites. Besides, on account of the workers' high wages, few experts related, and higher ship repair price compared to that of Southeast Asia, most of the volume of repairing large ships including domestic LNG ships is being lost to Southeast Asian or Chinese markets. In this study, the work process and pre-work preparation process for ship hull (winch, windlass, hatch cover, ramp door, cargo gear, anchor chain) repair were analyzed and presented to foster domestic ship repair experts and revitalize related industries.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

Purpose - This research empirically proves that global shipbuilding industry leadership has moved to China from Korea. Design/Methodology - Competitiveness is measured by AHP for the weights of comprehensive competitiveness, which is the output mixture of three attributive factors: shipbuilding technology, shipbuilding contract price, and export credit. Findings - China is far ahead of Korea for standard vessels such as bulkers and containerships with competitiveness weights of 0.762 and 0.612, respectively, against 0.238 and 0.388 of Korea. Korea is maintaining its competitiveness only in LNG carriers (174k CBM) with a competitiveness weight 0.621. China and Korea have similar competitiveness for chemical carriers, complex vessels with a small hull size. The sources of Chinese competitiveness are shipbuilding contract price and export credit. With the majority share of standard vessel types in the world fleet, China will hold a bigger market share than Korea in the global shipbuilding industry in the forthcoming years. Implications - The swing factors of market power are shipbuilding technology and contract price. If China fails to further develop shipbuilding technology for shipowners worried about the reliability of the Chinese-built vessels, shipowners may swing back to Korea. The rising Chinese labor cost will expedite this swing in the forthcoming competition. Originality/value - To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first paper that quantitatively examines the competitiveness of shipbuilding between China and Korea by comparing attributive factors for competitiveness.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.454-460
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• 2006

In the production of hydrogen from various sources like cracking of LPG, LNG, Crude oil, or alkaline water electrolysis, the things that we keep in mind is the entrapment of unexpected impurities in the stream of produced $H_2$. If it is true that we are not able to produce 100% pure $H_2$, then subsequent procedure is the elimination of the impurities and the determination of the concentrations of each constituents in $H_2$ stream. By the way, each country has different constituents in its fuels and unavoidablely it was cost/economy debates between coutries. Thus, in this paper, our goal is to provide current international issues for hydrogen production.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

As the interest on the air pollution is gradually rising up at home and abroad, automotive industries have been working on the exhaust emission reduction from vehicles through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design, innovative aftertreatment systems, and using clean fuels. Methanol, ethanol, LNG, LPG, H2, reformulated gasoline are generally recognized as the clean fuel. Since the low price policy of government on LPG has expanded its vehicle market recently, there is concern of the exhaust emission of LPG vehicle. In this paper, we studied the value of LPG fuel as a clean fuel by comparing the results of the exhaust emission from LPG and Gasoline fueled vehicles, and discussed its limitation of LPG vehicle with mixer type as a fuel supply system. FTIR was used to understand the difference of exhaust emission components of LPG and Gasoline fueled vehicles.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2014

This study is intended to analyze the appropriate scope for 9.9MW biomass cogeneration, feasibility and sensitivity according to changing market situation. In the study, the heat load is classified into three types to predict heat sales and find out the appropriate scope of thermal business that is operated in CHP 34.42 Gcal/h, PLBwg 70 Gcal/h of cogeneration. the feasibility is estimated based on internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value(NPV). the sensitivity is analyzed in terms of biomass fuel cost, unit price of heating cost, investment cost, SMP unit price and REC unit price.