• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2006

Description of spore morphology of Korean Polypodiaceae has on LM and SEM and key to the genera are provided. Korean Polypodiaceae monad, monolete with bilateral symmetry, bipolar and oblete spore except for Loxogramme grammitoides having trilete spore with radial symmetry. In spore wall structure, exopore showed variable patterns enough to distinguish genera. Perispore was found in all the species examined. The patternof perispore and exospore was most similar in all the species examined except Crypsinus, Pyrrosia hastata ans P. linearifolia. The perispores of Crypsinus, Pyrrosia hastata and P. linearifolia were echinate and gemmate, rugulate, and verrucate respectively. In term of exospore wall sculpturing, Polypodium and Loxogramme showed fossulate, Lepisorus, rugulate with irregular verrucate, Crypsinus ans Coloysis showed psilate or rarely verrucate in the latter, Neocheiropteris ensata showed dense small verrucate, Lemmaphyllum microphyllum showed complex reticulate and Pyrrosia showed verrucate or psilate.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.393-409
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• 2003

Morphological and anatomical characters of selected 3 taxa of Rhynchospora were reexamined. The epidermal patterns of achene and leaf were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a light microscope (LM). Morphological characters such as length and width of bract, spikelet, scale, achene, stem, leaf and leaf sheath, and shape of inflorescence, spikelet, scale, apex of scale, perigynium and achene, and number of stigma and anatomical characters (transectional shape of the stem, and leaf: vascular bundles in stem and leaf epidermal patterns: shape of fundamental epidermal cell and cell wall, type of silica body, subsidiary cell shape, size and frequency of stomatal complex of leaf) were useful for the identification. Keys based on data were presented here.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2019

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the plane of nutrition (PN) for growing-finishing pigs on growth performance and meat quality in summer. One hundred and two barrows and 102 gilts weighing approximately 44 kg were placed on a high-, medium-, or low-plane grower diet (HPG, MPG, or LPG) with ME and lysine concentrations ranging from 3.33 to 3.40 Mcal/kg and 0.93% to 1.15%, respectively, for 29 days in 6 replicates (pens) in total. Pigs from each grower pen were divided into two finisher pens and provided with a high-plane finisher diet (HPF) containing 3.40 Mcal ME and 9.5 g lysine/kg and a low-plane finisher diet (LPF; 3.25 Mcal ME and 8 g lysine/kg), respectively, up to approximately 110 kg, and slaughtered. Growth performance of the pigs, including average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed ratio, was not influenced by the grower-phase PN during any of the grower phase, a 31-d finisher phase I, and ensuing phase II. However, both the ADG and gain:feed ratio were greater (p < 0.05) for the HPF group than for the LPF group during the finisher phase I (748 vs. 653 g with SEM = 13 g and 0.333 vs. 0.299 with SEM = 0.008, respectively). The ADG, but not gain:feed ratio, was greater for the HPF group vs. LPF during the finisher phase II (673 vs. 623 g with SEM = 15 g for ADG and 0.322 vs. 0.323 with SEM = 0.005 for the gain:feed ratio). The carcass backfat thickness (BFT) was greater for the LPF group vs. HPF within the pigs which had been placed on LPG during the grower phase, but not within the pigs from the HPG or MPG group. Physicochemical characteristics of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and sensory quality attributes of fresh and cooked LM were not influenced by either the grower-phase or finisher-phase PN. In conclusion, high PN is necessary for finishing pigs during the hot season to minimize the reduced rate of weight gain and also to prevent the increase of BFT that could result from low PN.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.122-134
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of torrefied larch wood as a raw material of pellets. First of all, larch chip was torrefied at the temperatures of 230, 250 and $270^{\circ}C$ for 30, 50 and 70 min. Secondly, moisture content, moisture absorption, higher heating value and ash content of the torrefied chip were measured to examine the effects of torrefaction conditions on the fuel characteristics of larch. Thirdly, surfaces of the torrefied chip were observed by light microscope (LM), field emission scanning microscope (FE-SEM) and SEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDXS). With the increases of torrefied temperature and time, contents of lignin increased and those of hemicellulose reduced. Moisture content of torrefied larch chip was greatly lower than that of non-torrefied chip. Moisture absorption of the torrefied chip decreased as torrefaction temperature increased. As torrefaction temperature increased, higher heating value and ash content of larch chip increased. However, durability of torrefied-larch pellets was remarkably lower comparing to non-torrefied-larch pellets. When surface of larch chip was observed by LM and FE-SEM, surface color and cell wall of the chip was getting darker and more collapsed with the increases of torrefaction conditions. Through the analysis of SEM-EDXS, distribution and quantity of lignin existing on the surface of larch chip increased with the increases of torrefied conditions. In conclusion, $270^{\circ}C$/50 min might be an optimal condition for the torrefaction of larch with the aspect of fuel characteristics, but torrefaction condition of $230^{\circ}C$/30 min should be considered according to the durability of torrefied-larch pellets.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2001

The titanium miniplate osteosynthesis system has been used for fixation of bone fragments in the maxillofacial areas due to easy manipulation and even has been proposed for unnecessity of miniplate removal because of the biocompatibility and the corrosion resistance. But recently, there have been some suggestions for its removal, on the basis of findings that there have been pigmentations around the adjacent tissues during miniplate removal procedure and they are the depositions of metal particles. Purposes of this study are to ascertain the presence and nature of pigmentation observed within tissues adjacent to titanium miniplate, and to suggest possible causes of it. We could observe the black pigmentation during miniplate removal procedure for recent about 1.5 year. Pigmented tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) for light microscophic(LM) examination to investigate the black pigmentations and the histomorphology around them. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analysis was used to examine the ultrastructural nature of pigmentations. Many metal particles with variable sizes and shapes were seen in the connective tissue by SEM and were identified as titanium by EDX.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 1998

국내에 서식하는 담수 유폐류중 기안목(Bawom-matophora)중 물달팽이과(Lymnaeidae)에 속하는 물달팽이(Radix auricularia coreana)와 애기물달팽이(Austropeplea ollula), 왼돌이물달팽이과 (Physidae)(Physella) acuta), 또아리물달팽이과(Planorbidae)에 속하는 3종, 또아리물달팽이(Gyralus convexiusculus), 수정또아리물달팽이(Hippeutis cantori), 배꼽또아리 물달팽이(Segmentina hemisphaerula)의 치설을 주사전자현미경(SEM; HITACHI S-570)을 이용해서 관찰하였다. 물달팽이의 치설의 총열순느 61열로 관찰되었는데, 또아리물달팽이과의 치설과는 달리 측치에 비해서 방당히 작은 중치를 가지고 있었으며, 연치는 제 10열에서 시작되었다. 애기물달팽이의 치설의 총열수는 65열로 관찰되었는데, 물달팽이와 비슷하게 측치에 비해서 상당히 작은 중치를 가지고 있었으며, cone이 한 개인대칭형 구조를 하고 있었다. 왼돌이물달팽이의 치설의 총수는 평균 173열로 관찰되었다. 전반적으로 측치와 연치를 구별할 수가 없없으며 치열의 끝으로 갈수록 cone의 길이만 달라져 뭉툭해졌다. 다른 5종과는 달리 치열의 방향이 ∧-shape(↙↘)으로써 LM적인 형태는 또아리물달팽이와 비슷한 것으로 관찰되었다. 또아리물달팽이 치설의 총열수는 35열로, 측지와 연치가 명확하게 구분되어 관찰되었으며, 측치와 연치의 구분이 명확하지 않은 것으로 관찰되었다. 배꼽또아리물달팽이 치설의 총열수는 43열로 관찰되었으며 수정또아리물달팽이와 마찬가지로 측치와 연치의 구분이 명확하지 않은 것으로 관찰되었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.581-585
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• 2019

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to examine archaeoparasitological specimens from coprolites associated with La Cueva de los Muertos Chiquitos (CMC) located near present-day Durango, Mexico. The eggs for 4 different types of parasites recovered from CMC coprolites were imaged using CLSM to assist with identification efforts. While some of the parasite eggs recovered from CMC coprolites were readily identified using standard light microscopy (LM), CLSM provided useful data for more challenging identifications by highlighting subtle morphological features and enhancing visualization of parasite egg anatomy. While other advanced microscopy techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), may also detect cryptic identifying characters, CLSM is less destructive to the specimens. Utilizing CLSM allows for subsequent examinations, such as molecular analyses, that cannot be performed following SEM sample preparation and imaging. Furthermore, CLSM detects intrinsic autofluorescence molecules, making improved identification independent of resource and time-intensive protocols. These aspects of CLSM make it an excellent method for assisting in taxonomic identification and for acquiring more detailed images of archaeoparasitological specimens.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.836-843
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• 2003

The polymer composites contain numerous internal boundaries and its structural elements have different responses and different resistances under the same service environment. Fatigue phenomenon is much more complex in composites than homogeneous materials. An understanding of the fracture behavior of polymer composite materials subjected to constant and cyclic loading is necessary for predicting the life time of structures fabricated with polymers. There is a need to acquire a better understanding of the fatigue performance and failure mechanisms of composites under such conditions. Therefore, in this study the analyses of fiber orientation and fracture mechanism for low cycle fatigue crack have been studied by SEM and LM for observing the ultrathin sections.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.563-598
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• 2015

A floristic study on the diatom was carried out in coastal area at two seasons, August 2014 and April 2015, from three islands in the northern area of Yellow Sea of South Korea. A total of 117 species of diatoms, including 3 classes, 9 subclasses, 20 orders, 32 families and 54 genera, were identified based on LM and SEM examinations. Three species of diatoms, Gyrosigma obscurum, Pleurosigma frenguellianum, and P. sabangi were newly recorded in Korea. The historical synonyms of the species are presented for the floristic informations, the examined specimen for the each taxon is specified, and the distribution in three islands and detailed sampling localities of each taxon are given.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 1984

The genus Salix is nowadays becoming increasingly important for both biomass energy production and the expanding paper industry. The enlarging plantations will however create some potential as well as problem. The great potential of genetical improvement as well as the prevention of pollen allergies requires knowledge about e.g, the pollen morphology of the most used Salix species. This study investigated the pollen morphology of Salix viminalis L. both on light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).